Free Practice Questions for Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams

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Key Facts: Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams Exam

4 exams

Three compulsory examinations plus one profile examination for school-leaving graduates

Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan (2024 announcement)

74 topics

Composition topics on the 2025–2026 native language and literature list

National Institute of Education of Turkmenistan

6 h / 5 h

Time allowed for the composition and the algebra paper in the 2024 schedule

Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan

4 of 6 tasks

Correct algebra tasks needed for grade 3 in ordinary classes

Ministry-recommended algebra task collection (2022)

Grade 12

Final year of the 12-year system; its first graduates finished school in 2025

Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan's school-leaving battery has four examinations: a written native-language and literature composition, a written algebra paper, oral social studies and an oral profile subject (in 2025–26 physics, biology or History of Turkmenistan). Grades use a 5-point scale, and this English MCQ bank is an independent study aid.

Sample Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In Turkmen, vowel harmony (singarmonizm) decides which variant of a suffix attaches to a stem. Which locative ending correctly attaches to 'mekdep' (school)?

A.-de (mekdepde)

B.-da (mekdepda)

C.-dan (mekdepdan)

D.-dä (mekdepdä)

Explanation: The vowels of 'mekdep' are front vowels (inçe çekimliler), so the stem takes the front-vowel variant of the locative ending: 'mekdepde' means 'at/in school'. Back-vowel stems take '-da', as in 'kitapda'.

2When a vowel-initial possessive suffix is added to a Turkmen noun ending in the voiceless consonant 'p', what regular sound change occurs?

A.The final consonant doubles to 'pp'

B.The final 'p' becomes its voiced counterpart 'b'

C.The final consonant is dropped before the vowel

D.The final 'p' becomes the fricative 'f'

Explanation: Stem-final voiceless stops become voiced before a vowel-initial suffix (p > b, k > g, t > d). For example, 'kitap' (book) + first-person possessive '-ym' gives 'kitabym' (my book).

3Vowel length distinguishes meaning in Turkmen even though the standard spelling does not mark it. Which pair shows a meaning contrast based only on vowel length?

A.'gel' (come) and 'gül' (flower), which differ in one vowel

B.'daş' (stone) and 'baş' (head), which differ in one sound

C.'at' (horse, short /a/) and 'at' (name, long /aː/)

D.'ýol' (road) and 'ýel' (wind), which differ in one vowel

Explanation: Both words are spelled 'at', but 'horse' is pronounced with a short /a/ and 'name' with a long /aː/. They form a minimal pair that differs only in vowel duration.

4Under Turkmen labial (rounding) harmony, how does a rounded vowel such as 'o' or 'ö' in a word's first syllable affect the narrow vowels of the following syllables?

A.It makes all following wide vowels unrounded

B.It prevents suffixes from attaching to the root

C.It turns the following consonants into labial glides

D.It makes following narrow vowels sound rounded, like [u] or [ü]

Explanation: Labial harmony spreads lip-rounding forward: after a rounded vowel in the first syllable, the narrow vowels 'y' and 'i' in later syllables are pronounced as rounded [u] and [ü]. It concerns vowel rounding only.

5Which division shows the correct syllables (bogunlar) of the Turkmen word 'okuwçy' (pupil)?

A.o - kuw - çy

B.ok - uw - çy

C.o - ku - wçy

D.okuw - çy

Explanation: Each Turkmen syllable contains exactly one vowel, and a single consonant between two vowels begins the next syllable. In 'okuwçy', 'k' starts the second syllable, 'w' closes it because 'ç' must begin the third, giving 'o-kuw-çy'.

6In Turkmen noun inflection, which case is formed with the endings '-yň / -iň / -nyň / -niň'?

A.Ýöneliş düşüm (dative case)

B.Eýelik düşüm (genitive case)

C.Ýeňiş düşüm (accusative case)

D.Çykyş düşüm (ablative case)

Explanation: The genitive (eýelik düşüm) shows possession or belonging. It takes '-yň / -iň' after consonants and '-nyň / -niň' after vowels, as in 'mekdebiň' (of the school) and 'enesiniň' (of his/her mother).

7Which affix is the main marker of the passive voice (gaýdym derejesi) of Turkmen verbs?

A.-dyr / -dir, as in 'ýazdyrmak' (to make someone write)

B.-yş / -iş, as in 'ýazyşmak' (to write to each other)

C.-yl / -il, as in 'ýazylmak' (to be written)

D.-jak / -jek, as in 'ýazjak' (will write)

Explanation: Turkmen grammar distinguishes five voices: düýp, şäriklik, ýükletme, özlük and gaýdym derejesi. The passive (gaýdym) is formed mainly with '-yl / -il / -ul / -ül' (or '-l' after a vowel, as in 'okalmak'), and its doer is usually not named: 'Täze ýerler açyldy' (New lands were opened).

8In the sentence 'Mekdebe gelen myhmanlar synplary aýlanyp gördüler', what is the word 'gelen' and what is its role?

A.A finite past-tense verb acting as the predicate

B.A verbal noun acting as the subject

C.An adverbial participle (hal işlik) expressing time

D.A participle (ortak işlik) acting as an attribute

Explanation: 'Gelen' is the verb 'gel-' plus the participle ending '-en' (ortak işlik). It describes the noun 'myhmanlar' ('the guests who came'), so it works as an attribute (aýyrgyç).

9Which sentence contains a negative adverbial participle (hal işlik) meaning that the main action happened 'without' doing something?

A.Ol hiç kime aýtman, öýden çykyp gitdi.

B.Ol bu kitaby okamak üçin aldy.

C.Mugallym synpa giren badyna salam berdi.

D.Okuwçylar ýumşy tiz ýazdylar.

Explanation: 'Aýtman' uses the negative adverbial ending '-man / -män' and means 'without telling'. It describes how he left: 'He left home without telling anyone.'

10Which Turkmen personal pronoun has an irregular stem in the dative case (ýöneliş düşüm)?

A.'biz', which becomes 'bize'

B.'men', which becomes 'maňa'

C.'siz', which becomes 'size'

D.'olar', which becomes 'olara'

Explanation: The singular pronouns 'men' and 'sen' have irregular datives, 'maňa' and 'saňa', instead of the regular-looking *'mene' and *'sene'. The other pronouns take the ordinary dative ending.

About the Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams Exam

Independent practice for Turkmenistan's State School-Leaving Examinations (jemleýji döwlet synaglary), which 12th-grade graduates of general secondary schools take for the certificate of general secondary education (orta bilim hakynda şahadatnama). The questions follow the Ministry's published lists: authors and composition skills for the native language and literature essay, the algebra and beginnings of analysis paper, the social studies tickets, and the History of Turkmenistan humanities-profile tickets. This is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or a simulation of the exams. It cannot replace writing a full composition in Turkmen or Russian, solving complete algebra problems, or answering oral tickets aloud. It does not cover the physics, biology, chemistry or informatics profile papers.

Exam sponsor: Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan (Türkmenistanyň Bilim ministrligi); the National Institute of Education prepares the topic and question lists, and school examination commissions conduct the examinations. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Four examinations for 12th-grade graduates, following the structure the Ministry announced for 2024. (1) A written composition in native language and literature (Turkmen, or Russian in Russian-medium classes) on a topic from the Ministry's published list; in 2024 three topics, one from each group, were drawn by a lottery machine broadcast on Ýaşlyk TV. (2) A written algebra and beginnings of analysis paper, set from the Ministry-recommended task collection and announced on television and radio on the day. (3) An oral social studies (Jemgyýeti öwreniş) examination on question tickets. (4) One oral profile examination by study track: in 2025–2026 physics (exact sciences), biology (natural sciences) or History of Turkmenistan (humanities); in 2024–2025 informatics, chemistry or History of Turkmenistan.

Time Limit

Composition 6 hours; algebra 5 hours (Ministry schedule for 2024); oral examinations follow school timetables

Passing Score

5-point school scale, with '3' (satisfactory) the lowest positive grade. Algebra: 4, 5 or 6 correct tasks out of 6 earn '3', '4' or '5' in ordinary classes (5, 6 or 7 out of 7 in advanced-mathematics classes). No numeric thresholds are published for the composition or the oral examinations.

Exam / Certification Fees

No candidate fee published (state general secondary education is free under Article 55 of the Constitution)

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Ministry of Education Innovation Information Centre: 2024–2025 final examination topics and question lists · Source checked 2026-10-20Composition topics plus History of Turkmenistan, chemistry, informatics and social studies question lists issued by the Ministry of Education and the National Institute of Education (source: Turkmenmetbugat).
2025–2026 composition topics for the native language and literature final state examination · Source checked 2026-10-20Third-party library copy of the National Institute of Education list: 74 topics in three groups (free topics; Turkmen and world literature; independence-era literature).
2025–2026 social studies (Jemgyýeti öwreniş) final state examination question list · Source checked 2026-10-20Third-party library copy of the National Institute of Education list of 30 tickets; Russian-language tickets are published separately for Russian-medium classes.
2025–2026 History of Turkmenistan tickets for 12th-grade humanities-profile graduates (Russian-medium classes) · Source checked 2026-10-20Third-party library copy of the National Institute of Education list; the 2025–2026 profile lists also cover physics and biology.
Töräýew, Şadurdyýew and Soltanow, Algebra we analiziň başlangyçlaryndan gutardyş synagy üçin ýumuşlar (Türkmen döwlet neşirýat gullugy, 2022) · Source checked 2026-10-20Ministry-recommended bilingual (Turkmen/Russian) task collection: 50 works with two variants of 7 tasks, and the grading rule for the written algebra paper.
Ministry of Education announcement of the 2024 school-leaving examinations (Asmannews) · Source checked 2026-10-20Four examinations from 1 to 15 June 2024: composition on 1 June (6 hours, topics drawn on Ýaşlyk TV), algebra on 5 June (5 hours), oral social studies and an oral profile subject.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

25% of this practice bank

Native language and literature composition (Turkmen)

Vowel harmony, morphology and syntax for an accurate composition, essay planning for free and character-image topics, and the authors and works named in the official topic lists.

30% of this practice bank

Algebra and beginnings of analysis

Quadratic, rational, irrational, exponential and logarithmic equations and inequalities, progressions, trigonometry, derivatives, tangent lines, antiderivatives and definite integrals.

25% of this practice bank

Social studies (Jemgyýeti öwreniş)

Constitution of Turkmenistan and branches of power, neutrality, rights and duties, Civil, Family, Labour and Criminal Code basics, economic systems, competition, the budget and cognition.

20% of this practice bank

History of Turkmenistan (humanities profile)

Ancient cultures and states, the Seljuk era, 18th–19th-century society, the Russian conquest, the 1916 uprising, the Soviet period and independent Turkmenistan.

Preparing for the Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 5-point school scale, with '3' (satisfactory) the lowest positive grade. Algebra: 4, 5 or 6 correct tasks out of 6 earn '3', '4' or '5' in ordinary classes (5, 6 or 7 out of 7 in advanced-mathematics classes). No numeric thresholds are published for the composition or the oral examinations.
Assessment: Four examinations for 12th-grade graduates, following the structure the Ministry announced for 2024. (1) A written composition in native language and literature (Turkmen, or Russian in Russian-medium classes) on a topic from the Ministry's published list; in 2024 three topics, one from each group, were drawn by a lottery machine broadcast on Ýaşlyk TV. (2) A written algebra and beginnings of analysis paper, set from the Ministry-recommended task collection and announced on television and radio on the day. (3) An oral social studies (Jemgyýeti öwreniş) examination on question tickets. (4) One oral profile examination by study track: in 2025–2026 physics (exact sciences), biology (natural sciences) or History of Turkmenistan (humanities); in 2024–2025 informatics, chemistry or History of Turkmenistan.
Time limit: Composition 6 hours; algebra 5 hours (Ministry schedule for 2024); oral examinations follow school timetables
Exam / certification fees: No candidate fee published (state general secondary education is free under Article 55 of the Constitution) Official sources

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Turkmenistan School-Leaving Exams: Suggested Study Strategy

1Work through the current year's composition topic list and prepare a thesis, three supporting points and two or three quotations for the authors you are most likely to choose.

2Practise complete written solutions from the algebra task collection, because the paper is a written problem set rather than a multiple-choice test.

3Rehearse each two-question social studies and History of Turkmenistan ticket aloud, giving a definition, facts and an example in your answer.

4Check which profile subject your study track takes this year, because the profile lists can change between school years.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which examinations do 12th-grade graduates in Turkmenistan take?

In the structure the Ministry announced for 2024, graduates take four examinations: a written composition in native language and literature, a written algebra and beginnings of analysis paper, an oral social studies examination and one oral profile examination for their study track. In 2025–26 the profile lists were physics, biology and History of Turkmenistan.

How are the composition topics chosen?

The National Institute of Education publishes a topic list in three groups: free topics, Turkmen and world literature, and independence-era literature (74 topics for 2025–26). In 2024 one topic from each group was drawn by a lottery machine broadcast on Ýaşlyk TV on the morning of the exam.

How is the algebra paper graded?

Each candidate solves one variant of a work from the Ministry-recommended collection. In ordinary classes 4, 5 or 6 correct tasks out of 6 earn grades 3, 4 or 5. Advanced-mathematics classes solve a seventh task and need 5, 6 or 7 correct tasks for the same grades.

Are the examinations held in Turkmen only?

Turkmen-medium classes take them in Turkmen, and Russian-medium classes write the composition in Russian language and literature and use Russian-language tickets. The algebra task collection is bilingual.

Is this practice bank an official test?

No. It is an independent English-language set of multiple-choice questions for studying the official topics. It is not a translation or simulation of the exams, and it does not replace practice in writing a composition, solving full algebra problems or answering oral tickets.