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Free Practice Questions for Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination

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Key Facts: Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination Exam

Constitutional Law No. 1084

Law "On the Courts of the Republic of Tajikistan" establishing judicial qualification requirements

Ministry of Justice legal portal

Decree No. 866 (5 Apr 2017)

Presidential Decree approving the Unified Examination Commission Regulation

Executive Office of the President of Tajikistan

Article 107

Statutory basis for the Unified Examination Commission for judge and trainee-judge candidates

Constitutional Law No. 1084, Art. 107

1 year

Trainee-judge period permitted on the Commission's proposal, counted towards professional experience

Constitutional Law No. 1084, Arts. 108-109

25 years & 3 years

Minimum age (25) and professional experience (3 years) for a city/district judgeship

Constitutional Law No. 1084, Art. 12

10 years

Term of office for appointed judges following the 2016 constitutional amendments

Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, Art. 84

72 hours

Ordinary adult detention limit; Article 111(5) provides a separate judicial-extension exception

Criminal Procedure Code of RT, Art. 92(3)

10 days

Criminal cassation period: from proclamation, or delivery of the copy for a convicted person in custody

Criminal Procedure Code of RT, Art. 359(1)

3 years

General statute of limitations for civil actions under the 2022 Civil Code

Civil Code of RT (2022), Art. 214

1 month

Statutory deadline for filing a cassation appeal against a first-instance civil judgment

Civil Procedure Code of RT, Art. 327

The Unified Examination Commission conducts Tajikistan's statutory judicial qualification examination. Official court material describes Tajik dictation and an oral law examination; this free English-language MCQ study adaptation supports independent revision. Selection and any one-year trainee-judge appointment are separate from passing the examination.

Sample Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination Practice Questions

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1Under Article 107 of Constitutional Law No. 1084 "On the Courts of the Republic of Tajikistan", which body conducts the qualification examination for persons nominated to the post of judge for the first time and for trainee judges?
A.The Qualification Collegium of Judges, acting on a submission of the Supreme Court Chairman
B.The examination commission of the Council of Justice of the Republic of Tajikistan
C.The Unified Examination Commission for candidates for the posts of judge and trainee judge
D.The Plenum of the Supreme Court, sitting jointly with the Higher Economic Court
Explanation: Article 107(1) provides that the Unified Examination Commission for candidates for the posts of judge and trainee judge (Комиссияи ягонаи имтиҳонотӣ барои номзадҳо ба вазифаи судя ва коромӯз-судяҳо) conducts the qualification examination for first-time judicial nominees and trainee judges. Under Article 107(2), the President forms the Commission and approves its composition and Regulation on the joint proposal of the Chairmen of the Supreme Court and the Higher Economic Court.
2Under Article 108 of Constitutional Law No. 1084, how long may a person nominated to the post of judge for the first time serve as a trainee judge (коромӯз-судя), and how is that period treated?
A.Six months, which is not counted towards professional work experience
B.One year, which is counted towards professional work experience
C.Two years, of which only the second year counts towards judicial experience
D.Three years, which count as judicial rather than merely professional experience
Explanation: Article 108(1) states that, on the proposal of the Examination Commission, first-time nominees may work as trainee judges for one year, and this period is included in their professional work experience. Article 108(2) requires a trainee judge to hold only Tajik citizenship, have higher legal education, know the state and foreign languages, have completed compulsory military service (with exceptions such as women), have at least three years of professional experience and have passed the qualification examination.
3Under Article 109 of Constitutional Law No. 1084, where does the Judicial Training Centre (Маркази таълимии судяҳо) operate, and whom does it train?
A.Under the Ministry of Justice; it trains advocates, notaries and court bailiffs only
B.Under the Supreme Court; it trains judicial candidates and trainee judges and retrains judges and court staff
C.Under the Tajik National University; it awards the law degrees and diplomas that candidates need before applying for judicial office
D.Under the Higher Economic Court; it trains only judges of the economic courts
Explanation: Article 109(1) places the Judicial Training Centre under the Supreme Court of the Republic of Tajikistan. Under Article 109(2), its work consists of preparing candidates for the post of judge and trainee judges and upgrading the qualifications of judges and court staff. Its director is appointed by the President on the proposal of the Supreme Court Chairman (Art. 109(4)).
4Under Article 85 of the Constitution and Article 12(2) of Constitutional Law No. 1084, what minimum age and experience apply to a candidate for judge of a city or district court?
A.At least 23 years of age and at least two years of professional work experience
B.At least 30 years of age and at least five years of experience as a judge
C.At least 25 years of age and at least three years of professional work experience
D.At least 25 years of age and at least five years as an investigator or prosecutor
Explanation: Article 85 of the Constitution and Article 12(2) of the Law require a candidate for judge of a city or district court, a garrison military court or a regional economic court to be at least 25, hold only Tajik citizenship and higher legal education, and have at least three years of professional work experience. Article 12(2) also requires knowledge of the state and foreign languages and completion of compulsory military service, with exceptions such as women.
5Which requirement does Article 85 of the Constitution set for judges of the Supreme Court, the Higher Economic Court, the GBAO court, regional courts and the Dushanbe city court, but not for city and district court judges?
A.At least five years of work experience specifically as a judge
B.A doctoral degree in law awarded or recognised by a Tajik university
C.At least seven years of professional work experience in law
D.Holding only Tajik citizenship, with no other nationality
Explanation: Article 85 requires candidates for these courts to be at least 30, hold only Tajik citizenship and higher legal education, and have at least five years of experience as a judge. Judges of city, district, military and regional economic courts need only three years of professional work experience. Article 12(1) of Constitutional Law No. 1084 repeats the five-year judicial-experience rule and adds knowledge of the state and foreign languages.
6Article 87 of the Constitution and Article 8 of Constitutional Law No. 1084 set out the principle of judicial independence. Which statement reflects them?
A.Judges are independent in their activity and subordinate only to the Constitution and the law; interference is prohibited
B.Judges are independent of the parties but must follow the written guidance of the Ministry of Justice on individual cases
C.Judges are independent once confirmed by the Qualification Collegium, which may review drafts before they are announced
D.Judges are independent in civil cases, but criminal verdicts need the prior consent of the regional prosecutor
Explanation: Article 87 of the Constitution states that judges are independent in their activity, subordinate only to the Constitution and the law, and that interference in their activity is prohibited. Article 8 of the Law repeats this and lists the guarantees, including a special procedure for selection and removal, judicial immunity, a ban on interference under threat of liability, and liability for contempt of court.
7For what term are judges elected or appointed under Article 84 of the Constitution and Article 15 of Constitutional Law No. 1084?
A.Five years, renewable once
B.Seven years, matching the presidential term
C.Ten years, counted afresh if the judge moves to another court
D.Until the statutory upper age limit, with no fixed term
Explanation: Article 84 of the Constitution provides that the term of office of judges is 10 years, and Article 15(1) of the Law states that judges are elected or appointed for 10 years. Under Article 15(2), if a judge is elected or appointed to another court during the term, the ten-year term runs anew from the date of the new election or appointment.
8Under Article 69 of the Constitution and Article 16 of Constitutional Law No. 1084, how do Supreme Court judges and city or district court judges come into office?
A.Both are elected by the Majlisi Namoyandagon on the joint proposal of the Supreme Court and Higher Economic Court Chairmen
B.Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President alone; city and district judges are elected by local Majlisi of people's deputies
C.Supreme Court judges are elected by the Plenum of the Supreme Court; city and district judges are appointed by the Minister of Justice
D.Supreme Court judges are elected by the Majlisi Milli on the President's proposal; city and district judges are appointed by the President
Explanation: Article 69(8) of the Constitution and Article 16(1) of the Law provide that judges of the Supreme Court and the Higher Economic Court are elected by the Majlisi Milli on the proposal of the President. Under Article 69(12) of the Constitution and Article 16(2) of the Law, the President appoints judges of the GBAO, regional, Dushanbe, garrison military, city and district courts on the proposal of the Supreme Court Chairman, and economic court judges on the proposal of the Higher Economic Court Chairman.
9Under Article 10 of Constitutional Law No. 1084, which rule protects a judge of a city or district court against criminal prosecution?
A.A criminal case may be opened by any regional prosecutor once the court chairman has been notified
B.Only the Prosecutor General may open the case, and prosecuting or arresting the judge needs the President's consent
C.Only the Minister of Internal Affairs may open the case, with the prior written consent of the Qualification Collegium of Judges
D.The judge cannot be prosecuted at all during the ten-year term; proceedings may start only after it ends
Explanation: Article 10(3) provides that criminal and administrative-offence cases against a judge are opened only by the Prosecutor General and are heard by the Supreme Court. Under Article 10(5), a judge of a city or district court, among other lower courts, cannot be brought to criminal liability, arrested or placed under house arrest without the President's consent. For Supreme Court and Higher Economic Court judges, Article 10(4) requires the consent of the Majlisi Milli instead.
10Under Article 14(4) of Constitutional Law No. 1084, which outside activity may a sitting judge carry on?
A.Serving on the paid supervisory board of a joint-stock company
B.Holding a seat as a deputy of a local Majlis of people's deputies
C.Membership in a political party, provided no leadership post is held
D.Scientific, creative and teaching work, such as lecturing on law
Explanation: Article 14(4) bars a judge from holding any other post, being a deputy of a representative body, being a member of a party or political organisation or supporting them materially, and engaging in entrepreneurship, except for scientific, creative and teaching activity. Article 14(3) also requires judges to observe anti-corruption restrictions and to file annual income and asset declarations.

About the Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination Exam

Article 107 of Constitutional Law No. 1084 establishes the qualification examination for first-time judicial nominees and trainee judges, conducted by the Unified Examination Commission. The official court notice describes Tajik dictation and an oral examination in branches of law. OpenExamPrep provides independent practice on constitutional, civil, criminal, procedural, administrative, family and housing law and statutory judicial duties. No detailed official syllabus or topic percentages were found, so the distributions below describe this practice bank only. This is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation, format simulation, or substitute for state-language dictation, oral examination or practical judicial training.

Exam sponsor: Unified Examination Commission for candidates for the posts of judge and trainee judge (Комиссияи ягонаи имтиҳонотӣ барои номзадҳо ба вазифаи судя ва коромӯз-судяҳо), established under Article 107 of Constitutional Law No. 1084 and Presidential Decree No. 866 of 5 April 2017. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The official court notice describes written dictation in the state language (Tajik) and an oral examination in branches of law. The oral delivery language and a detailed official blueprint were not confirmed. The Supreme Court and Higher Economic Court's September 2023 trainee-judge competition allowed 30 days for documents; no 2026 judicial-candidate sitting was confirmed in the sources checked. Article 108 permits one year as a trainee judge (коромӯз-судя) on the Commission's proposal, while Article 109 assigns candidate and trainee preparation to the Judicial Training Centre under the Supreme Court. Passing is part of selection and does not itself confer judicial office. No separate mandatory case-study or portfolio submission was established from the public sources.

Time Limit

Not published in the official sources checked

Passing Score

Numeric pass mark not found in the official sources checked; confirm assessment rules with the Commission.

Exam / Certification Fees

Not published in the official sources checked; confirm with the Commission.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

16% of this practice bank

Constitutional Law & Judicial Organisation

Constitutional foundations of the judiciary (Chapter 8 of the Constitution), Constitutional Law No. 1084 "On the Courts", judicial independence and immunity, qualifications and disciplinary liability of judges, Unified Examination Commission (Art. 107), trainee judges (Art. 108), and Constitutional Court jurisdiction

20% of this practice bank

Civil Substantive Law

Civil Code of 24 December 2022 (in force 1 July 2023): legal capacity, emancipation, void and voidable transactions, limitation of actions (general 3-year period under Art. 214), ownership, securing obligations (penalty, pledge, suretyship, bank guarantee), strict liability for sources of increased danger, joint liability, and statutory inheritance rules

18% of this practice bank

Civil & Economic Procedure

Civil Procedure Code (ГПК РТ): jurisdiction and venue, legal representation, burden of proof, securing claims, court orders, judgment requirements, cassation review within one month (Art. 327; no separate appellate instance), supervisory review within one year (Art. 365), newly discovered circumstances, and Economic Procedure Code fundamentals

16% of this practice bank

Criminal Substantive Law

Criminal Code (УК РТ): general liability from age 16 and liability from 14 for the offences specifically listed in Article 23(2), crime categories, forms of guilt, preparation and renunciation, complicity, necessary defence, sentencing and prosecution limitation rules

18% of this practice bank

Criminal Procedure & Judicial Scrutiny

Criminal Procedure Code (УПК РТ): detention protocol within three hours of delivery (Article 94(2)); ordinary detention limits of 72 hours for adults and 48 for minors, subject to Article 111(5); defence rights, evidence, judicial search and remand decisions, trial procedure and criminal cassation

12% of this practice bank

Administrative, Family, Housing Law & Judicial Ethics

Administrative liability, penalties and limitation; marriage requirements, joint marital property and child maintenance; eviction proceedings under the 2022 Housing Code; recognised international legal acts; and statutory judicial-conduct duties under Article 14 of the Law on the Courts

Preparing for the Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Numeric pass mark not found in the official sources checked; confirm assessment rules with the Commission.
  • Assessment: The official court notice describes written dictation in the state language (Tajik) and an oral examination in branches of law. The oral delivery language and a detailed official blueprint were not confirmed. The Supreme Court and Higher Economic Court's September 2023 trainee-judge competition allowed 30 days for documents; no 2026 judicial-candidate sitting was confirmed in the sources checked. Article 108 permits one year as a trainee judge (коромӯз-судя) on the Commission's proposal, while Article 109 assigns candidate and trainee preparation to the Judicial Training Centre under the Supreme Court. Passing is part of selection and does not itself confer judicial office. No separate mandatory case-study or portfolio submission was established from the public sources.
  • Time limit: Not published in the official sources checked
  • Exam / certification fees: Not published in the official sources checked; confirm with the Commission. Official sources

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Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination: Suggested Study Strategy

1Master the Constitutional Law "On the Courts of the Republic of Tajikistan" No. 1084: learn candidate qualifications (Article 12), the Unified Examination Commission (Article 107), trainee judges (Article 108), the Judicial Training Centre (Article 109), and judicial immunity (Article 10).
2Study the 2022 Civil Code (in force 1 July 2023) carefully for updated article numbering: general limitation of actions is three years (Article 214, not the old 202), legal capacity rules (Articles 22 and 28), and acquisitive prescription periods (Article 305).
3Remember the structure of judicial review in Tajikistan: first-instance civil judgments are challenged in cassation within one month (Article 327) and supervisory review within one year (Article 365); there is no separate appellate court stage.
4Review the general part of the Criminal Code: age thresholds of 16 and 14 years (Article 23), four crime gravity tiers (Article 18), complicity forms (Article 36), and circumstances excluding criminality such as necessary defence (Article 40) and extreme necessity (Article 42).
5Keep criminal-procedure clocks separate: protocol within three hours of delivery (Article 94(2)); ordinary detention limits of 72 hours for adults and 48 for minors, with Article 111(5)'s judicial-extension exception; immediate family notice (Article 100); and criminal cassation within ten days (Article 359), starting from delivery of the copy for a convicted person in custody.
6Review key Family Code provisions: the minimum marriage age of 18 years (Article 13), mandatory pre-marital medical screening (Article 15), and the statutory prohibition of marriage between first cousins (Article 14).
7Practise articulating legal reasoning aloud in preparation for the oral examination before the Unified Examination Commission, as oral presentation skills cannot be mastered through written study alone.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Tajikistan Judge and Trainee-Judge Qualification Examination?

It is the qualification examination conducted by the Unified Examination Commission for first-time judicial nominees and trainee judges (коромӯз-судя), under Article 107 of Constitutional Law No. 1084. Passing is a selection requirement, not a guarantee of a trainee position or judicial appointment.

Which body administers the judicial examination in Tajikistan?

The Unified Examination Commission for candidates for the posts of judge and trainee judge (Комиссияи ягонаи имтиҳонотӣ) conducts it under Article 107. The President forms the Commission on the joint proposal of the Chairmen of the Supreme Court and Higher Economic Court; it is distinct from the Qualification Collegium of Judges.

What are the eligibility requirements to sit the examination?

The September 2023 trainee competition required only Tajik citizenship, five years of full-time legal education or a law master's, three years of professional experience, age 25+, the state language and at least two foreign languages, and compulsory military service except for women. The current statutory provisions also contain specified military-ticket exceptions. Consult the next announcement for its application conditions; foreign-language eligibility is not confirmation of the oral examination's delivery languages.

What is the role of a trainee judge (коромӯз-судя)?

Article 108 allows first-time judicial nominees to serve for one year as trainee judges on the Commission's proposal, with the year counted towards professional experience. Article 109 assigns preparation of candidates and trainees to the Judicial Training Centre under the Supreme Court. The statute does not say that every examination pass automatically produces a trainee or judicial appointment.

What format does the qualification examination follow?

The official court notice describes two parts: written dictation in the state language (Tajik) and an oral examination in branches of law. The oral delivery language, detailed syllabus, duration, item count, fee and numeric pass mark were not confirmed in the public official sources checked on 19 October 2026.

Does civil procedure in Tajikistan include an appellate instance?

The Civil Procedure Code provides cassation within one month of handing the judgment to the parties (Article 327) and supervisory review within one year of entry into force (Article 365), without a separate appellate stage. The Economic Procedure Code has a different review structure, including an appellate stage.

Is this question bank an official test simulation or translation?

No. OpenExamPrep provides an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation of legal knowledge useful for preparation. It is not an official translation or format simulation and does not replace state-language dictation, oral responses, or practical judicial training. No official topic weights or equivalence to the examination are claimed.