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Free Practice Questions for NAKS Welder Level I

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Key Facts: NAKS Welder Level I Exam

80%

Minimum correct answers on each NAKS theoretical exam

РД 03-495-02, item 1.8

20 questions

General exam for welders at initial attestation

РД 03-495-02, item 1.6

15+ questions

Special exam, with at least 5 per group of technical devices

РД 03-495-02, item 1.6

2 years

Validity of a welder's certificate after initial attestation

ПБ 03-273-99, item 6.1

1 March 2027

Date until which ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02 remain in force

Government Decree No. 66 of 29.01.2026

NAKS Level I welder attestation in Russia starts with a practical test weld, then a 20-question general exam and a special exam of at least 15 questions, each passed at 80% (РД 03-495-02); these rules apply until 1 March 2027.

Sample NAKS Welder Level I Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the NAKS Welder Level I exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In manual metal arc (MMA / РД) welding, what is the primary role of the drooping (steeply falling) external volt-ampere characteristic of the power source?
A.To raise short-circuit current to several times the welding current so the arc never goes out
B.To keep the arc voltage constant however far the welder pulls the electrode away from the pool
C.To generate the high-frequency discharge needed to ionize the gap and start the arc
D.To keep welding current nearly constant when the arc length varies slightly
Explanation: A drooping (steeply falling) volt-ampere characteristic ensures that natural variations in arc length caused by manual electrode manipulation result in negligible changes in welding current, maintaining stable thermal input and weld pool geometry.
2Which physical phenomenon is the primary cause of magnetic arc blow (магнитное дутье) during direct current arc welding?
A.Uneven magnetic fields around the arc caused by the current path, nearby steel mass or clamp position
B.Moisture absorbed in the coating of basic low-hydrogen electrodes, producing steam in the arc
C.Thermal expansion of shielding gas in the arc column creating turbulent convective cross-currents
D.Oxidation of the tungsten electrode tip caused by insufficient shielding gas flow
Explanation: Magnetic arc blow occurs when ferromagnetic materials or asymmetric return current paths through the ground clamp distort the magnetic lines of force surrounding the arc, exerting electromagnetic forces that deflect the arc column.
3In Russian welding terminology, what does direct current 'reverse polarity' (обратная полярность) mean?
A.The electrode is angled back toward the finished weld (backhand technique) while travelling
B.The electrode is connected to the negative (−) terminal and the workpiece to the positive (+) terminal
C.The current direction reverses about 50 times per second, as with an AC welding transformer
D.The electrode is connected to the positive (+) terminal and the workpiece to the negative (−) terminal
Explanation: With DC, 'прямая полярность' (straight polarity) means electrode negative and workpiece positive, while 'обратная полярность' (reverse polarity) means electrode positive and workpiece negative. Basic electrodes such as UONI-13/55 (УОНИ-13/55) are specified by their manufacturers for DC reverse polarity, so a welder must be able to connect the leads correctly.
4In the welding-position designations used for NAKS test welds (РД 03-495-02, item 1.11.8), which code means vertical welding progressing upward (вертикальное снизу вверх)?
A.В1 (PF)
B.В2 (PG)
C.Г (PC)
D.П1 (PE)
Explanation: РД 03-495-02 lists the positions for practical-exam test welds with ISO equivalents: Н1 (PA) flat butt, Н2 (PB) flat fillet, Г (PC) horizontal, П1 (PE) overhead butt, П2 (PD) overhead fillet, В1 (PF) vertical upward, В2 (PG) vertical downward and Н45 (H-L045) inclined at 45°. Test welds must be made in the positions the welder will use in production.
5How is the thermal heat input (погонная энергия, Q) of an electric arc weld calculated from welding parameters?
A.Q = (Current × Voltage × Thermal Efficiency Factor) / Travel Speed
B.Q = (Current × Travel Speed) / (Voltage × Arc Length)
C.Q = (Voltage² × Thermal Efficiency Factor) / (Current × Travel Speed)
D.Q = (Current × Voltage × Arc Length) / Cross-Sectional Area of Weld
Explanation: Thermal heat input per unit length (погонная энергия) is calculated as Q = (η × U × I) / v, where I is current, U is arc voltage, v is welding travel speed, and η is the thermal efficiency coefficient of the welding process.
6Which shielding gas composition is classified as active and commonly used in mechanized MAG (МП) welding of low-carbon structural steels?
A.100% nitrogen, used as a cheap substitute for CO2
B.100% high-purity argon, as used for TIG welding
C.Argon with about 5% helium for a hotter arc
D.100% CO2 or an argon + 18-20% CO2 mixture
Explanation: РД 03-495-02 defines МП as mechanized welding with a consumable electrode in active gases and mixtures (ISO 4063 process 135). For carbon steel this means 100% CO2 or argon-CO2 mixtures such as about 80% Ar + 20% CO2, where the CO2 takes part chemically in the arc atmosphere.
7What is the primary operational advantage of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG / РАД) welding when completing root passes in high-pressure steam pipelines?
A.Precise control of the pool and root bead, with no slag to trap inside the pipe
B.Significantly higher deposition rate compared to submerged arc welding (SAW)
C.Self-cleaning flux action that dissolves heavy mill scale and oil residues on pipe bevels
D.Immunity to cross-drafts and windy site conditions exceeding 10 m/s without windbreaks
Explanation: TIG (РАД) welding allows the welder independent, precise control over heat input and filler metal feed, ensuring a smooth, defect-free root bead with full penetration and no slag inclusions on the pipe interior.
8Which method is the most practical and standard shop measure to mitigate magnetic arc blow during direct current welding of heavy steel sections?
A.Raising the welding current well above the recommended range to stiffen the arc
B.Holding a longer arc so the arc column has more room to resist the magnetic forces
C.Using pure helium shielding gas to insulate the arc column from magnetic flux lines
D.Switching to AC or changing where the return lead (ground clamp) is attached
Explanation: Alternating current (AC) prevents constant magnetic field buildup because the field collapses and reverses 50-60 times per second. Alternatively, moving the work ground clamp or welding toward a heavy tack weld balances the magnetic field.
9What is the primary role of high-frequency (HF) spark discharge in TIG (РАД) welding units when welding aluminum with alternating current?
A.To start the arc without contact and re-ignite it at each AC zero crossing
B.To break up the refractory aluminium oxide layer through intense ultrasonic vibration
C.To preheat the shielding gas so that it ionizes more easily at the nozzle
D.To convert a single-phase supply into three-phase output for higher currents
Explanation: High-frequency (HF) discharge ionizes the shielding gas gap to start the arc without touching the tungsten electrode to the workpiece and maintains continuous arc stabilization across zero-voltage crossings in alternating current cycles.
10In submerged arc welding (SAW / АФ), what mechanism prevents the molten pool and arc from atmospheric contamination?
A.A layer of granular flux that covers the arc and melts into protective slag
B.A continuous stream of high-pressure carbon dioxide fed through a water-cooled concentric nozzle
C.A vacuum chamber enclosing the carriage and the welding head
D.A ceramic backing strip on the root side that seals the arc zone from the air
Explanation: In SAW (АФ), the electric arc burns entirely beneath a thick blanket of granular fusible flux. The flux melts to form an impermeable protective slag layer and gas bubble that shields the weld metal from oxygen and nitrogen.

About the NAKS Welder Level I Exam

Practice for Russia's NAKS Level I welder attestation (аттестация сварщиков, I уровень), required for welders working on equipment and structures at hazardous production facilities supervised by Rostekhnadzor. Under ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02, a welder first welds test coupons, which are inspected and tested, and then takes a 20-question general exam on welding theory and a special exam of at least 15 questions for the welding method and device groups, each passed at 80%. A first certificate is valid for 2 years. Government Decree No. 66 of 29 January 2026 keeps these rules in force until 1 March 2027; from that date Federal Law No. 94-FZ requires readiness checks (проверка готовности) for welding work at hazardous facilities instead. This OpenExamPrep bank covers welding processes and equipment, materials and consumables, joint preparation, technique, defects, inspection and welding safety. The official exams are conducted in Russian and include a hands-on welding test; this bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep, not an official translation or a substitute for practical welding training.

Exam sponsor: SRO Association NAKS (СРО Ассоциация «НАКС») through registered attestation centres, under Rostekhnadzor rules. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Taken at a NAKS-registered attestation centre (АЦСП): (1) practical exam — welding test coupons that undergo visual and measuring inspection and further non-destructive or mechanical testing; (2) general exam — 20 questions on welding theory; (3) special exam — at least 15 questions on the declared method and device groups. The theoretical exams are written or computer-based, and the commission may add an interview. These rules apply under ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02, which Government Decree No. 66 of 29.01.2026 keeps in force until 1 March 2027; from that date Federal Law No. 94-FZ introduces readiness checks (проверка готовности) for welding work at hazardous facilities.

Time Limit

Not set in РД 03-495-02 or СТО НАКС 2.6; the attestation centre schedules the exams, and test welds must be completed within the technological card's time norms.

Passing Score

At least 80% on each theoretical exam (РД 03-495-02, item 1.8); test welds must meet all inspection and testing criteria.

Exam / Certification Fees

No uniform fee; NAKS says the price depends on the attestation centre and the requested scope of attestation.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

Not published; about 25% of this study set

Welding methods and equipment (способы сварки и оборудование)

Arc physics, heat input, polarity, arc blow, MMA (РД), TIG (РАД), MAG (МП) and SAW (АФ) processes, NAKS method codes and position codes (РД 03-495-02), power-source characteristics, duty cycle (ПВ), inverters, open-circuit voltage limits and limiters

Not published; about 30% of this study set

Materials and their weldability (виды материалов и особенности их сварки)

Carbon, low-alloy and austenitic steels (09Г2С, 12Х18Н10Т), carbon equivalent, HAZ structure, cold and hot cracking, preheat, interpass temperature and PWHT; covered electrodes (ГОСТ 9466/9467, UONI-13/55), wires, fluxes, shielding gases, tungsten electrodes, baking and storage

Not published; about 10% of this study set

Welded structures and main joint types (сварные конструкции и основные типы сварных соединений)

Joint designations (ГОСТ 5264), groove geometry, root gap and root face, edge preparation, edge offset, pipe alignment clamps, tack welds and run-on/run-off plates

Not published; about 30% of this study set

Welding production and technique (производство и техника выполнения сварочных работ)

Current selection, travel speed and weaving, torch angles, crater filling and restarts, multi-pass technique, weld defects and their causes, repairs, visual and measuring inspection (РД 03-606-03), radiography, ultrasonic, magnetic particle and penetrant testing, and attestation retake rules

Not published; about 5% of this study set, plus electrical-safety items within the equipment section

Safety requirements for welding work (требования по безопасности проведения сварочных работ)

Order No. 884n rules on cylinder distances, lighting and work inside metal vessels, oxygen and oil, flashback arrestors, return leads and confined-space precautions

Preparing for the NAKS Welder Level I Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: At least 80% on each theoretical exam (РД 03-495-02, item 1.8); test welds must meet all inspection and testing criteria.
  • Assessment: Taken at a NAKS-registered attestation centre (АЦСП): (1) practical exam — welding test coupons that undergo visual and measuring inspection and further non-destructive or mechanical testing; (2) general exam — 20 questions on welding theory; (3) special exam — at least 15 questions on the declared method and device groups. The theoretical exams are written or computer-based, and the commission may add an interview. These rules apply under ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02, which Government Decree No. 66 of 29.01.2026 keeps in force until 1 March 2027; from that date Federal Law No. 94-FZ introduces readiness checks (проверка готовности) for welding work at hazardous facilities.
  • Time limit: Not set in РД 03-495-02 or СТО НАКС 2.6; the attestation centre schedules the exams, and test welds must be completed within the technological card's time norms.
  • Exam / certification fees: No uniform fee; NAKS says the price depends on the attestation centre and the requested scope of attestation. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
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NAKS Welder Level I: Suggested Study Strategy

1Learn the attestation rules in ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02: practical exam first, a 20-question general exam, a special exam of at least 15 questions, 80% to pass, and a retake window of one to six months.
2Know the NAKS codes for welding methods (РД, РАД, МП, АФ) and positions (Н1, Н2, Г, В1, В2, П1, П2, Н45) and their ISO equivalents.
3Review covered electrodes under ГОСТ 9466 and ГОСТ 9467: what Э50А means, coating types (А, Б, Р, Ц), and why basic electrodes such as UONI-13/55 need DC reverse polarity and baking to the manufacturer's passport.
4Understand cold cracking (hard HAZ, diffusible hydrogen and tensile stress), hot cracking from sulfur and phosphorus, carbon equivalent, preheat and interpass temperature control.
5Connect each common defect (undercut, lack of penetration, lack of fusion, porosity, slag inclusions, burn-through, crater cracks) to its causes and remedies.
6Study visual and measuring inspection (ВИК) under РД 03-606-03 and the safety rules in Order No. 884n: 12 V hand lamps inside metal vessels, open-flame work at least 5 m from single cylinders and 10 m from cylinder groups, and no building steelwork as a return lead.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is NAKS Level I welder attestation in Russia?

It is the attestation that allows a welder (I уровень, аттестованный сварщик) to weld equipment, structures and pipework at hazardous production facilities supervised by Rostekhnadzor. It is carried out under ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02 by attestation centres registered in the NAKS system, separately for each welding method and for specific groups of technical devices.

How is the official NAKS welder exam conducted?

The practical exam comes first: the welder makes test welds, which are visually and dimensionally inspected and then tested by other methods. A welder who passes then takes a 20-question general exam on welding theory and a special exam of at least 15 questions on the declared method and device groups, in writing or by computer. Each theoretical exam needs at least 80% correct answers (РД 03-495-02, items 1.5-1.8).

How long is a NAKS Level I welder certificate valid?

A certificate issued at initial attestation is valid for 2 years (ПБ 03-273-99, item 6.1). The attestation centre may extend it by one year, no more than twice, on the employer's application with documented work quality and a medical clearance. A break of more than 6 months in the certified welding work makes the certificate invalid (РД 03-495-02, items 1.16.3-1.16.5).

What happens if a candidate fails a theoretical exam?

If the welder passed the practical exam and one theoretical exam, the failed exam can be retaken under the original application within six months of the first exam, but not earlier than one month after it. If the retake is failed, all passed exams are cancelled and the welder must train further and apply again (РД 03-495-02, item 1.10).

Does NAKS welder attestation change in 2027?

Yes. Government Decree No. 66 of 29 January 2026 keeps ПБ 03-273-99 and РД 03-495-02 in force until 1 March 2027. From that date Federal Law No. 94-FZ of 9 April 2026 requires readiness checks (проверка готовности) of organizations and workers for welding work at hazardous facilities, carried out by members of self-regulatory organizations for checking the readiness of welding production. Candidates attesting in late 2026 or early 2027 should confirm current arrangements with their attestation centre.

Is this practice bank an official NAKS exam or translation?

No. The official NAKS exams are conducted in Russian at registered attestation centres and include a hands-on welding test. This bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep for learners reviewing welding theory, Russian welding terms and inspection rules; it does not simulate the official exam and cannot replace practical welding training.