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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: PNPT Exam

$499

Exam Cost (includes retake + training)

TCM Security

5 days

Pentest Engagement Window

TCM Security

2 days

Report Submission Window

TCM Security

15 min

Live Debrief Duration

TCM Security

Zero flags

No CTF Elements — Real Pentest

TCM Security

1 free

Retake Included

TCM Security

The PNPT from TCM Security is a practical penetration testing certification covering 5 domains: OSINT/External Recon (20%), External Exploitation (20%), Active Directory Attacks (35%), AV Evasion/Lateral Movement (15%), and Report Writing (10%). The exam gives 5 full days for the pentest plus 2 days to write a professional report, followed by a mandatory live 15-minute verbal debrief with TCM Security assessors. All tools are permitted — including Metasploit and AI tools. Cost is $499 with one free retake. Primary prep: Practical Ethical Hacking (PEH) course by Heath Adams (TheCyberMentor). This practice exam covers the conceptual knowledge; actual PNPT requires hands-on exploitation.

Sample PNPT Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your PNPT exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which tool is most commonly used in the PNPT exam to perform LLMNR/NBT-NS poisoning to capture NTLMv2 hashes?
A.Wireshark
B.Responder
C.tcpdump
D.Ettercap
Explanation: Responder (by Laurent Gaffie) poisons LLMNR, NBT-NS, and MDNS broadcasts, presenting itself as the requested host to capture NTLMv2 hashes from Windows clients. It is the go-to tool for this attack in the TCM PEH course and the PNPT exam.
2LLMNR (Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution) operates on which UDP port?
A.5353
B.137
C.5355
D.445
Explanation: LLMNR uses UDP port 5355. It is a protocol used by Windows hosts to resolve hostnames when DNS fails, making it a target for poisoning attacks. NBT-NS uses UDP 137, mDNS uses UDP 5353, and SMB uses TCP 445.
3After capturing an NTLMv2 hash with Responder, which tool and hashcat mode combination would you use to crack it offline?
A.John the Ripper with --format=ntlmv2
B.hashcat -m 1000
C.hashcat -m 13100
D.hashcat -m 5600
Explanation: hashcat mode 5600 (-m 5600) is specifically designed for NTLMv2 (NetNTLMv2) hashes captured by Responder. Mode 1000 is for NTLM hashes (from SAM/NTDS), and mode 13100 is for Kerberoastable TGS tickets.
4Which condition MUST be met on the target network for an SMB relay attack to succeed instead of simply capturing and cracking hashes?
A.SMB signing must be disabled or not required on target hosts
B.The attacker must be on the same VLAN as the domain controller
C.The target must be running Windows XP or older
D.NTLM authentication must be completely disabled in the domain
Explanation: SMB relay attacks require that SMB signing is disabled or not required on the target relay hosts. When SMB signing is enforced, relayed authentication packets are rejected because they cannot be re-signed. Domain controllers have SMB signing required by default.
5Which Impacket tool is used to execute the SMB relay attack by relaying captured NTLMv2 hashes to other hosts in the network?
A.secretsdump.py
B.psexec.py
C.ntlmrelayx.py
D.wmiexec.py
Explanation: ntlmrelayx.py (part of the Impacket suite) performs NTLM relay attacks. It works in conjunction with Responder (run with HTTP/SMB servers disabled) to relay captured authentication attempts to target hosts, potentially dumping SAM databases or executing commands.
6What does Pass-the-Hash (PtH) allow an attacker to do without knowing the plaintext password?
A.Forge Kerberos service tickets using the NTLM hash
B.Enumerate Active Directory users via LDAP using the hash
C.Crack the NTLM hash offline using rainbow tables
D.Authenticate to Windows systems using the NTLM hash directly
Explanation: Pass-the-Hash exploits the fact that Windows NTLM authentication accepts the hash itself as proof of identity. Tools like crackmapexec, Impacket psexec.py, and mimikatz sekurlsa::pth can authenticate directly with the NTLM hash without needing the plaintext password.
7Which mimikatz command is used to dump credentials (NTLM hashes and cleartext passwords) from LSASS memory on a compromised Windows host?
A.mimikatz # privilege::debug
B.mimikatz # lsadump::sam
C.mimikatz # sekurlsa::logonpasswords
D.mimikatz # kerberos::list
Explanation: sekurlsa::logonpasswords dumps all authentication credentials cached in LSASS memory, including NTLM hashes and potentially cleartext passwords (if WDigest is enabled). privilege::debug must be run first to obtain SeDebugPrivilege. lsadump::sam dumps the local SAM database from registry hives.
8Kerberoasting targets service accounts that have which attribute set in Active Directory?
A.AccountNotDelegated
B.msDS-SupportedEncryptionTypes
C.ServicePrincipalName (SPN)
D.UserAccountControl DONT_REQ_PREAUTH
Explanation: Kerberoasting targets accounts with a Service Principal Name (SPN) registered. Any authenticated domain user can request a TGS ticket for these accounts; the ticket is encrypted with the service account's password hash, which can then be cracked offline.
9Which tool from the Impacket suite is used to perform Kerberoasting from a Linux machine without needing an interactive session?
A.GetNPUsers.py
B.kerbrute
C.secretsdump.py
D.GetUserSPNs.py
Explanation: GetUserSPNs.py requests TGS tickets for accounts with SPNs registered, outputting the hashes in a format ready for offline cracking with hashcat (-m 13100). GetNPUsers.py is used for AS-REP Roasting (accounts without pre-auth).
10What hashcat mode is used to crack Kerberoasting TGS-REP hashes?
A.18200
B.5600
C.1000
D.13100
Explanation: Hashcat mode 13100 is used for Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 (RC4-HMAC) tickets obtained through Kerberoasting. Mode 18200 is for AS-REP Roasting (Kerberos 5 AS-REP etype 23), mode 5600 is for NTLMv2, and mode 1000 is for NTLM.

About the PNPT Exam

The PNPT (Practical Network Penetration Tester) is TCM Security's flagship certification validating real-world network penetration testing skills. Unlike multiple-choice exams, the PNPT requires conducting a full external and internal network penetration test over 5 days, writing a professional report, and delivering a live 15-minute debrief to senior assessors. This practice test covers the theoretical knowledge: LLMNR poisoning, SMB relay, Kerberoasting, AS-REP Roasting, Golden/Silver tickets, Pass-the-Hash, AV evasion, and professional reporting.

Assessment

Performance-based assessment

Time Limit

5 days pentest + 2 days report + 15-min live debrief

Passing Score

Pass/Fail (Domain Controller compromised + professional report + debrief)

Exam Fee

$499 (includes one free retake and 12 months TCM Academy access) (TCM Security)

PNPT Exam Content Outline

35%

Active Directory Attacks

LLMNR/NBT-NS poisoning with Responder, SMB relay with ntlmrelayx.py, Pass-the-Hash with crackmapexec/evil-winrm, Kerberoasting (GetUserSPNs.py), AS-REP Roasting (GetNPUsers.py), Golden Ticket, Silver Ticket, DCSync via secretsdump.py, BloodHound/PowerView enumeration, and token impersonation

20%

External Network Enumeration & Exploitation

Nmap scanning, SMB/SNMP/web enumeration, EternalBlue (MS17-010), web vulnerabilities (LFI, SQLi, WordPress), default credential attacks, password spraying with kerbrute, and initial shell access techniques

20%

OSINT & External Reconnaissance

theHarvester, Hunter.io, crt.sh certificate transparency, Shodan, LinkedIn scraping, Google dorking, haveibeenpwned breach data, subdomain enumeration, and technology profiling

15%

AV/EDR Evasion & Lateral Movement

Living-off-the-land binaries (LOLBins), msfvenom payload generation, staged vs stageless payloads, Chisel/proxychains pivoting, certutil download, WDigest manipulation, and stealthy lateral movement

10%

Report Writing & Professional Debrief

Professional penetration test report structure (Executive Summary, Technical Findings, CVSS severity, remediation recommendations), rules of engagement, attack chain documentation, and verbal debrief presentation

How to Pass the PNPT Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Pass/Fail (Domain Controller compromised + professional report + debrief)
  • Assessment: Performance-based assessment
  • Time limit: 5 days pentest + 2 days report + 15-min live debrief
  • Exam fee: $499 (includes one free retake and 12 months TCM Academy access)

Keys to Passing

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

PNPT Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master LLMNR/NBT-NS poisoning with Responder — it is the entry point to internal network credential capture in most PNPT scenarios
2Understand when to use Responder (capture mode) vs ntlmrelayx.py (relay mode) — HTTP and SMB servers in Responder must be OFF when relaying
3Learn the Impacket suite deeply: GetUserSPNs.py for Kerberoasting, GetNPUsers.py for AS-REP Roasting, secretsdump.py for DCSync and hash dumping
4Know the hashcat modes: 5600 (NTLMv2), 13100 (Kerberoasting TGS-REP), 18200 (AS-REP Roasting), 1000 (NTLM from SAM/NTDS)
5Practice BloodHound extensively — run bloodhound-python, import JSON files, and query 'Shortest Paths to Domain Admins from Owned Principals'
6Understand Golden Ticket prerequisites: KRBTGT NTLM hash + domain SID + target username — and why KRBTGT must be reset TWICE to remediate
7Build proficiency with evil-winrm for WinRM access using Pass-the-Hash (-H flag) and mimikatz for in-memory credential extraction
8Practice writing professional pentest reports — the debrief is a core pass/fail component, not just an optional presentation
9Use kerbrute for stealthy username enumeration and password spraying via Kerberos to avoid account lockouts
10Learn Chisel + proxychains for pivoting to reach segmented internal network ranges during the internal engagement phase

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the PNPT exam format?

The PNPT gives candidates 5 full days to perform an external and internal network penetration test against a simulated organization. There are zero flags to capture and zero multiple-choice questions. After completing the engagement, candidates have 2 additional days to write a professional penetration test report. Finally, candidates schedule a live 15-minute verbal debrief with senior TCM Security assessors to present their findings. All tools are permitted including Metasploit, custom scripts, and AI-assisted tools (which must be disclosed in the report).

What Active Directory attacks are covered in the PNPT?

The PNPT covers the full internal Active Directory attack chain: LLMNR/NBT-NS poisoning with Responder to capture NTLMv2 hashes, SMB relay attacks with ntlmrelayx.py, Pass-the-Hash with crackmapexec and evil-winrm, Kerberoasting (GetUserSPNs.py / hashcat -m 13100), AS-REP Roasting (GetNPUsers.py / hashcat -m 18200), Golden Ticket and Silver Ticket attacks using mimikatz, DCSync with secretsdump.py, token impersonation, and BloodHound/PowerView enumeration for attack path discovery.

How does the PNPT compare to OSCP?

The PNPT ($499) is more affordable than OSCP ($1,699+) and focuses heavily on Active Directory attacks and OSINT, while OSCP emphasizes standalone machine exploitation, buffer overflows (legacy), and restricts tool use (one Metasploit use per exam). PNPT allows all tools including Metasploit. OSCP is more widely recognized by enterprise employers, while PNPT is gaining strong reputation in the penetration testing community as a practical, realistic assessment. Many candidates use PNPT as an intermediate step before OSCP.

What courses should I take to prepare for the PNPT?

TCM Security's Practical Ethical Hacking (PEH) by Heath Adams (TheCyberMentor) is the primary recommended preparation — it covers the complete external and internal pentest methodology end-to-end. TCM's OSINT Fundamentals course covers the external reconnaissance phase. The $499 PNPT package includes 12 months of TCM Academy access covering 45+ hours of training. Supplemental practice on TryHackMe and Hack The Box Active Directory rooms is highly beneficial.

What tools are required for the PNPT exam?

Key tools include: Responder and ntlmrelayx.py for LLMNR/SMB relay attacks; Impacket suite (secretsdump.py, GetUserSPNs.py, GetNPUsers.py, psexec.py, wmiexec.py) for AD attacks; mimikatz for credential dumping and ticket attacks; BloodHound/bloodhound-python and PowerView for AD enumeration; crackmapexec and evil-winrm for lateral movement; Chisel/proxychains for pivoting; nmap for scanning; and standard offensive Linux tools. Kali Linux is the recommended operating system.

Is this practice exam like the real PNPT?

No — this is a theoretical multiple-choice knowledge exam. The real PNPT is a 5-day hands-on practical penetration test where you must actually exploit a simulated network and write a professional report. Use this practice exam to test your understanding of PNPT concepts, tools, and attack techniques. To pass the actual PNPT, you must practice hands-on exploitation in lab environments like TCM Academy, TryHackMe, and Hack The Box.