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100+ Free PNG CASA IR Air Law Practice Questions

Prepare for the PNG CASA Instrument Rating Air Law Examination exam with instant access — no signup required.

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Sample PNG CASA IR Air Law Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your PNG CASA IR Air Law exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under PNG CAR Part 91 Subpart F, what is the fundamental requirement for flying an aircraft under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)?
A.The aircraft must be equipped with operational IFR instrumentation and navigation equipment, and the pilot must hold a valid Instrument Rating with current recency
B.The pilot needs only a PPL and a smartphone navigation application
C.IFR flight is permitted in clear daylight without an instrument rating
D.The aircraft needs only a magnetic compass and airspeed indicator
Explanation: Under CAR Part 91.401 and CAR Part 61.801, operating an aircraft under IFR requires approved IFR flight instrumentation, certified navigation equipment, and a pilot holding a valid Instrument Rating with current recency.
2What is the instrument recency requirement under PNG CAR Part 61 for a pilot to act as PIC of an IFR flight?
A.Within the preceding 6 months, logged at least 6 hours of instrument time including 6 instrument approaches (or passed an IR recency check)
B.1 landing every 12 months
C.Logged 100 hours of VFR flight in the preceding year
D.No recency required if the rating was issued within 5 years
Explanation: Under CAR Part 61.805, an Instrument Rating holder must meet the 6-month recency rule (at least 6 hours of instrument flight time and 6 instrument approach procedures in category/simulator) or pass an Instrument Rating proficiency check.
3Under PNG CAR Part 91 Subpart F, what gyroscopic and flight instrument systems are mandatory for IFR flight?
A.Attitude indicator, directional gyro (heading indicator), turn and slip indicator (or second attitude indicator), sensitive altimeter, vertical speed indicator, pitot heat, and dual power sources for gyros
B.Only a magnetic compass and oil pressure gauge
C.Only an altimeter and clock
D.GPS screen only
Explanation: Under CAR Part 91.511, IFR aircraft must be equipped with a full gyroscopic flight instrument panel (attitude indicator, heading indicator, turn indicator, VSI, sensitive altimeter, pitot heat, and dual independent gyro power supplies).
4What is the requirement for pitot tube heating (pitot heat) on an aircraft operated under IFR in PNG under CAR Part 91?
A.Pitot heat must be installed, operational, and turned on whenever flying in visible moisture or icing conditions
B.Pitot heat is required only for flights in snow
C.Pitot heat is optional for piston aircraft
D.Pitot heat is used only on the ground
Explanation: Under CAR Part 91.511, heated pitot tubes are mandatory for IFR flight to prevent airspeed indicator blockage due to ice or moisture accretion.
5Under PNG CAR Part 91.403, what is the minimum altitude for an IFR flight over NON-MOUNTAINOUS terrain?
A.1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 5 NM from the estimated position of the aircraft
B.500 feet above ground
C.2,000 feet above ground
D.3,000 feet above sea level
Explanation: Under CAR Part 91.403, over non-mountainous terrain, an IFR aircraft must be operated at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 5 NM from the intended flight path.
6Under PNG CAR Part 91.405, what is the minimum obstacle clearance required for IFR flights operating in designated MOUNTAINOUS regions of Papua New Guinea?
A.2,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 5 NM (or 10 NM on specific routes)
B.1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within 5 NM
C.500 feet above the highest mountain peak
D.15,000 feet AMSL regardless of terrain height
Explanation: Due to severe terrain turbulence and downdrafts in PNG's mountainous interior, CAR Part 91 requires IFR flights over mountainous areas to maintain at least 2,000 feet above the highest obstacle within 5 NM of track.
7What is the 'Minimum Sector Altitude' (MSA) published on PNG instrument approach charts?
A.The lowest altitude that provides a minimum clearance of 1,000 feet above all obstacles located within a sector of 25 NM radius centered on a navigation aid
B.The altitude where landing gear must be lowered
C.The altitude at which decision height is reached
D.The maximum cruising altitude for VFR aircraft
Explanation: Minimum Sector Altitude (MSA) is the lowest altitude providing at least 1,000 feet obstacle clearance within a 25 NM radius of an aerodrome homing aid (VOR, NDB, or ARP).
8Under PNG CAR Part 91 Subpart F, what is the VFR-on-Top operational limitation for IFR flights?
A.VFR-on-Top allows an IFR flight to operate at VFR cruising altitudes in VMC, but requires ATC clearance and compliance with IFR flight rules
B.VFR-on-Top means the pilot can cancel all IFR rules and ignore ATC
C.VFR-on-Top is prohibited in Papua New Guinea airspace
D.VFR-on-Top allows flying through thick cloud without instruments
Explanation: A VFR-on-Top clearance lets an IFR flight cruise at a VFR level in VMC while the IFR flight plan, ATC clearance and IFR obligations all remain in force. The PNG cruising level rules sit in CAR 91.313 for VFR and CAR 91.425 for IFR, and CAR 91.409 requires adherence to the flight plan. Confirm with ATC and the PNG AIP whether the clearance is available for the operation you are planning.
9What is 'Lowest Safe Altitude' (LSALT) on an IFR route segment under PNG AIP / CAR Part 91?
A.The lowest altitude on an IFR route segment providing at least 1,000 feet obstacle clearance (2,000 feet in designated mountainous terrain) within a specified corridor along the track
B.The height of the highest mountain peak in PNG
C.The altitude where cabin pressurization is turned off
D.The speed at which the aircraft stalls
Explanation: LSALT (Lowest Safe Altitude) provides guaranteed terrain/obstacle clearance (1,000 ft non-mountainous, 2,000 ft mountainous) within the navigation tolerance corridor along an IFR route segment.
10Under PNG CAR Part 91, what VOR navigation check tolerance is required prior to an IFR flight?
A.Max permissible VOR bearing error is +/- 4 degrees for a ground check or +/- 6 degrees for an airborne check
B.Max permissible error is +/- 15 degrees
C.Max permissible error is +/- 25 degrees
D.No VOR check is required if the radio turns on
Explanation: Under CAR Part 91.411, VOR equipment used for IFR navigation must be checked within the preceding 30 days and demonstrate an accuracy within +/- 4 degrees for ground checkpoint (or +/- 6 degrees airborne).

About the PNG CASA IR Air Law Exam

The PNG CASA Instrument Rating Air Law examination is one of the approved written examinations required by CAR 61.801(a)(5) for the issue of an instrument rating in Papua New Guinea. The syllabus is published in AC61-14 Appendix I and covers the Civil Aviation Act 2000, CAR Parts 1, 12, 61, 67, 71, 73 and 91 with an IFR emphasis, and the PNGAIP Planning Manual and Instrument Flight Guide. CASA PNG's instrument rating checklist asks for a copy of the PNG IR Law examination pass result.

Assessment

Single approved written theory examination, delivered as a computer-based Aspeq e-Exam. It is one of five instrument rating written examinations; AC61-14 notes that the meteorology and human factors examinations are the same as for the CPL and are cross-credited, so air law is examined specifically at instrument rating level.

Time Limit

Not published by CASA PNG

Passing Score

75% of the total examination marks (CAR 61.17(b))

Exam Fee

Aspeq exam fee per the published Aspeq fee schedule (quoted in NZD), plus a K110 (GST incl.) CASA PNG sitting fee payable before results are released (Civil Aviation Safety Authority of Papua New Guinea (CASA PNG), delivered by Aspeq Assessment Specialists)

PNG CASA IR Air Law Exam Content Outline

Not published

Civil Aviation Act 2000 and CAR Part 1

Duties of the pilot-in-command under the Act, and the instrument-flight definitions listed in AC61-14 Appendix I including decision altitude, decision height, minimum descent altitude, RVR, RNP and adequate aerodrome.

Not published

CAR Part 61 Pilot Licences and Ratings, and Part 67 Medical

Instrument rating eligibility, issue, privileges and limitations, currency and recency, written examination prerequisites and grades, logbook crediting of flight and ground time, and currency of medical certificates.

Not published

CAR Parts 71 and 73 Airspace

Controlled and uncontrolled airspace, QNH zones, control areas and zones, general aviation areas, Classes C to G, and special use airspace including restricted, military operational, conditional and danger areas.

Not published

CAR Part 91 Subpart E and F IFR operating rules

Minimum flight crew, IFR fuel, IFR alternate aerodrome requirements, IFR flight plans, adherence to flight plan, take-off and landing under IFR, Category II and III procedures, icing, minimum altitudes, IFR cruising levels, IFR radio communications and two-way communications failure.

Not published

CAR Part 91 instruments and equipment for IFR

General instrument and equipment requirements, minimum instruments and equipment, IFR instruments and equipment, IFR communication and navigation equipment, Category II and III equipment, inoperative equipment, transponder and altitude reporting equipment and the assigned altitude indicator.

Not published

CAR Part 12 Accidents, Incidents and Statistics

Notification and details of accidents and incidents, investigation and reporting, access to aircraft involved in an accident, preservation of records and operating statistics.

Not published

PNGAIP Planning Manual and Instrument Flight Guide

The GEN, AGA, COM, RAC, OPS and MAP sections of the Planning Manual, and the emergency, communications, operations, chart, en-route and area chart sections of the Instrument Flight Guide.

How to Pass the PNG CASA IR Air Law Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 75% of the total examination marks (CAR 61.17(b))
  • Assessment: Single approved written theory examination, delivered as a computer-based Aspeq e-Exam. It is one of five instrument rating written examinations; AC61-14 notes that the meteorology and human factors examinations are the same as for the CPL and are cross-credited, so air law is examined specifically at instrument rating level.
  • Time limit: Not published by CASA PNG
  • Exam fee: Aspeq exam fee per the published Aspeq fee schedule (quoted in NZD), plus a K110 (GST incl.) CASA PNG sitting fee payable before results are released

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the pass mark for the PNG instrument rating air law exam?

PNG Civil Aviation Rule 61.17(b) requires an applicant for a written examination under Part 61 to gain at least 75% of the total examination marks.

Which written examinations does an instrument rating applicant need?

CAR 61.801(a)(5) requires written examinations in air law, flight navigation - IFR, meteorology, instruments and navigational aids, and human factors. AC61-14 notes that the meteorology and human factors syllabuses and examinations are the same as for the CPL, so a CPL pass in those subjects is credited.

What does the exam cost?

Exam fees follow the Aspeq fee schedule and are quoted in New Zealand dollars. CASA PNG also charges a sitting fee of K110 (GST incl.), payable before results are released. CASA PNG's instrument rating initial issue checklist separately lists an application fee of K330 (GST incl.).

Are these practice questions the real exam?

No. This is a free English-language multiple-choice study adaptation written against the official CASA PNG syllabus and rule text. It is not an official CASA PNG or Aspeq paper, does not reproduce the real exam's format, and cannot substitute for the instrument rating flight test in AC61-14 Appendix II.