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Key Facts: CAA NZ PPL Air Law Exam

90 Mins

Exam time allowed for the CBT paper via Aspeq.

CAA NZ Aspeq Examination Guidelines

70%

Minimum passing score required for licence credit.

CAR Part 61 Examination Standards

$108 NZD

Official Aspeq exam fee per sitting.

Aspeq Booking Schedule

CAR 61 & 91

Primary Civil Aviation Rule parts tested.

CAA NZ PPL Syllabus

The CAA NZ PPL Air Law exam is a 90-minute computer-based test administered via Aspeq with a 70% passing threshold and a $108 NZD fee, supported by 100 practice questions.

Sample CAA NZ PPL Air Law Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the CAA NZ PPL Air Law exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under Civil Aviation Rules (CAR) Part 1, what is the definition of 'night' in New Zealand civil aviation?

A.The period between official sunset and official sunrise.

B.The period between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight.

C.The period from 30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise.

D.The period when ambient light drops below 10 lux at aerodrome elevation.

Explanation: CAR Part 1 defines 'night' as the hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight. Civil twilight ends in the evening when the center of the sun's disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.

2What class of medical certificate is required for a pilot to exercise the privileges of a CAA NZ Private Pilot Licence (PPL)?

A.Class 1 Medical Certificate

B.Class 2 Medical Certificate

C.Class 3 Medical Certificate

D.Basic Driver Licence Medical only

Explanation: Under CAR Part 61 and Part 67, a Private Pilot Licence (PPL) holder must hold at least a valid Class 2 Medical Certificate issued by a Medical Assessor or CAA-designated Aviation Medical Examiner (AME).

3What is the standard transponder code to be selected by a VFR aircraft operating in New Zealand when no specific code has been assigned by ATC?

A.7000

B.2000

C.1200

D.7700

Explanation: Pursuant to CAR 91.247 and NZAIP ENR 1.6, the standard conspicuity transponder code for VFR aircraft in New Zealand airspace below 13,000 ft AMSL is Mode A/C code 1200.

4What transponder code must a pilot squawk to indicate an onboard communications failure?

A.7500

B.7600

C.7700

D.1200

Explanation: CAR 91.247 specifies that SSR transponder code 7600 is reserved to alert ATC of an international or domestic radio communications failure.

5Which emergency transponder code indicates unlawful interference (hijack)?

A.7500

B.7600

C.7700

D.7000

Explanation: Under CAR 91.247 and ICAO Annex 10 standards, squawking Mode A Code 7500 alerts ATC immediately that the aircraft is subject to unlawful interference.

6Under CAR 91.217, what is the minimum day VFR fuel reserve required for an aeroplane carrying out a cross-country flight?

A.15 minutes at holding speed.

B.30 minutes at normal cruising fuel consumption.

C.45 minutes at normal cruising fuel consumption.

D.60 minutes at economy cruise.

Explanation: CAR 91.217 mandates that no pilot-in-command may commence a day VFR flight in an aeroplane unless it carries sufficient fuel to fly to the intended destination plus at least 30 minutes reserve at normal cruising consumption.

7What is the minimum night VFR fuel reserve required for an aeroplane under CAR 91.217?

A.30 minutes at cruise speed.

B.45 minutes at normal cruising fuel consumption.

C.60 minutes at normal cruising fuel consumption.

D.90 minutes at holding speed.

Explanation: CAR 91.217 specifies that for night VFR flights in an aeroplane, the aircraft must carry sufficient fuel to reach the destination aerodrome plus an additional 45 minutes reserve at normal cruising consumption.

8When two aircraft are approaching head-on or approximately head-on, what action must each pilot take under CAR 91.229?

A.Both aircraft must alter heading to the left.

B.Both aircraft must alter heading to the right.

C.The higher aircraft must climb and the lower aircraft must descend.

D.The aircraft on the right must turn left while the aircraft on the left turns right.

Explanation: CAR 91.229 states that when two aircraft are approaching head-on or approximately head-on and there is a risk of collision, each pilot shall alter heading to the right.

9Under CAR 91.229, which aircraft has the right of way when two power-driven aircraft are converging at approximately the same altitude?

A.The aircraft that has the other on its left.

B.The aircraft that has the other on its right.

C.The faster aircraft.

D.The heavier aircraft.

Explanation: CAR 91.229 establishes that when two power-driven aircraft are converging at the same altitude, the aircraft that has the other on its right must give way. Therefore, the aircraft that has the other on its left has the right of way.

10Under CAR 91.231, what defines an overtaking aircraft?

A.An aircraft approaching another from a direction of more than 45 degrees relative to the lead aircraft's beam.

B.An aircraft approaching another from the rear at an angle of more than 70 degrees from the longitudinal axis of the aircraft being overtaken.

C.An aircraft flying at least 20 knots faster than another aircraft within 1 NM.

D.An aircraft entering an aerodrome traffic circuit from above.

Explanation: CAR 91.231 defines an overtaking aircraft as an aircraft that approaches another from the rear at an angle of more than 70 degrees from the extended longitudinal axis of the aircraft being overtaken (meaning by night, the overtaking pilot would be unable to see either of the target's navigation side lights).

About the CAA NZ PPL Air Law Exam

The CAA NZ PPL Air Law examination assesses Private Pilot Licence candidates on Civil Aviation Rules (CARs) Part 1, Part 12, Part 61, Part 91, NZAIP, airspace classification, VFR meteorological minima, altimetry, right of way, transponder operations, medical requirements, and logbook endorsements.

Exam sponsor: Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand (exams via Aspeq). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Computer-based testing (CBT) via Aspeq, 90 minutes (1.5 hours), 70% passing threshold.

Time Limit

90 minutes

Passing Score

70%

Exam / Certification Fees

$108 NZD

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand (exams via Aspeq): official exam information

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

25%

Civil Aviation Rules & General Flight Operations

CAR Part 91 general operating rules, right-of-way rules, minimum safe altitudes, VFR cruising levels, and fuel reserve requirements.

25%

VFR Meteorological Minima & Altimetry

VFR flight visibility and cloud distance rules in controlled and uncontrolled airspace, Special VFR, and altimeter setting procedures.

20%

Airspace Classification, ATC & Transponders

Classes C, D, and G airspace rules, CTR/CTA procedures, transponder code mandates (1200, 7500, 7600, 7700), and ATC light gun signals.

20%

Pilot Licensing, Medicals & Currency (CAR Part 61)

PPL eligibility, student pilot limitations, BFR requirements, 90-day passenger currency, Class 2 medical validity, and logbook entries.

10%

Accident Reporting & Aircraft Documentation (CAR Part 12)

Mandatory onboard documents, technical log requirements, accident vs incident definitions, and 10-day notification rules under CAR Part 12.

Preparing for the CAA NZ PPL Air Law Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 70%
Assessment: Computer-based testing (CBT) via Aspeq, 90 minutes (1.5 hours), 70% passing threshold.
Time limit: 90 minutes
Exam / certification fees: $108 NZD Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

Work through all 100 available questions
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CAA NZ PPL Air Law: Suggested Study Strategy

1Master CAR 91.301 VFR weather minima across controlled airspace (Class C and D) and uncontrolled airspace (Class G).

2Memorize right-of-way rules under CAR 91.229–91.233, including head-on, converging, and overtaking procedures.

3Understand the VFR semicircular cruising level rules above 3,000 ft AGL for eastbound (odd + 500 ft) and westbound (even + 500 ft) magnetic tracks.

4Know the difference between an accident and a serious incident under CAR Part 12 and the mandatory 10-day written notification requirement.

5Review CAR Part 61 currency requirements: Biennial Flight Review (BFR) within 24 months and 3 takeoffs/landings within 90 days for passenger carriage.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the CAA NZ PPL Air Law examination format?

The exam is a computer-based multiple-choice test (CBT) administered by Aspeq on behalf of the Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand.

What is the passing score and time limit for the exam?

Candidates must achieve a minimum score of 70% within the 90-minute (1.5 hours) time limit.

How much does it cost to sit the CAA NZ PPL Air Law exam?

The examination fee is $108 NZD per attempt, payable directly to Aspeq upon booking.

Which Civil Aviation Rules (CARs) are covered in the PPL Air Law syllabus?

The exam covers CAR Part 1 (Definitions), CAR Part 12 (Accident/Incident Reporting), CAR Part 61 (Pilot Licensing & Ratings), and CAR Part 91 (General Operating & Flight Rules), along with NZAIP procedures.

What medical certificate is required for a New Zealand PPL?

A Class 2 Medical Certificate issued by a CAA NZ designated Aviation Medical Examiner (AME) or a valid DL95 medical declaration is required.