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Key Facts: Cambodia Laboratory Exit Exam Exam

6 professions

SPESHP names laboratory technology among national competency-based exit examinations using MCQ and OSCE

https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/668861591063363140/pdf/Cambodia-Strengthening-Pre-Service-Education-System-for-Health-Professionals-Project.pdf

Free 100-question English MCQ practice for Cambodia's national laboratory-technology exit exam. Independent study aid, not an official NECHS paper or OSCE simulation.

Sample Cambodia Laboratory Exit Exam Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Cambodia Laboratory Exit Exam exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1During venipuncture for multiple evacuated tubes, which sequence best prevents additive carryover while protecting a sterile blood-culture specimen?
A.EDTA tube, serum tube, citrate tube, then blood-culture bottles
B.Blood-culture bottles, citrate tube, serum tube, then EDTA tube
C.Serum tube, EDTA tube, blood-culture bottles, then citrate tube
D.Citrate tube, EDTA tube, blood-culture bottles, then serum tube
Explanation: International order-of-draw teaching places sterile blood-culture bottles first so later tube additives cannot contaminate the culture. A sodium-citrate coagulation tube is filled next, then serum tubes, then heparin, EDTA, and fluoride tubes last. This order reduces carryover of potent chelators such as EDTA into coagulation or chemistry specimens.
2A complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral blood film are ordered. Which evacuated-tube additive is preferred because it chelates calcium and preserves cellular morphology?
A.Potassium EDTA
B.Sodium citrate
C.Lithium heparin
D.Sodium fluoride with potassium oxalate
Explanation: Potassium EDTA chelates calcium, preventing clotting while keeping red cells, white cells, and platelets suitable for automated counts and stained films. Citrate is reserved for coagulation tests that require a precise 9:1 blood-to-anticoagulant ratio. Heparin and fluoride-oxalate distort cells or interfere with staining and are not CBC tubes.
3A tourniquet is left on the arm for several minutes while tubes fill. Which preanalytical change is most likely?
A.Dilutional decrease in hematocrit from interstitial fluid influx
B.Falsely low potassium from potassium shifting into cells
C.Hemoconcentration with falsely higher protein, packed-cell volume, and potassium
D.Complete inactivation of clotting factors that makes PT unmeasurable
Explanation: A prolonged tourniquet traps venous blood and forces water into the tissues, concentrating cells and large molecules. Packed-cell volume, total protein, and potassium can rise artifactually. Releasing the tourniquet as soon as blood flow is established (generally within about one minute) reduces this error.
4An unlabeled EDTA tube arrives with a handwritten ward note that the blood is from bed 12. What is the correct laboratory action?
A.Reject the specimen and request a correctly labeled recollection
B.Label the tube from the ward note and process the CBC
C.Process the sample but withhold the report until a nurse telephones
D.Aliquot the blood into a new labeled tube and discard the original
Explanation: Positive patient identification must be on the primary specimen at collection. An unlabeled tube cannot be assigned to a patient from a separate note without creating a misidentification risk. The safe action is to reject the specimen and request recollection with two identifiers on the tube.
5A chemistry specimen is visibly hemolyzed. Which analyte is most likely falsely increased because erythrocytes are rich in it?
A.Sodium
B.Potassium
C.Chloride
D.Bicarbonate
Explanation: Red cells contain a high intracellular potassium concentration. Hemolysis releases potassium (and also LDH and AST) into plasma or serum and can mimic hyperkalemia. Sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate are not concentrated inside erythrocytes in the same way, so hemolysis does not typically raise them.
6A light-blue citrate tube for PT is filled only halfway. What is the most likely effect on the clotting time?
A.No change, because citrate concentration is independent of fill volume
B.Falsely shortened PT because excess plasma clotting factors remain
C.Falsely prolonged PT because the blood-to-citrate ratio is no longer about 9:1
D.Immediate clotting in the tube that makes PT impossible to start
Explanation: Coagulation tubes are calibrated for nine parts whole blood to one part 3.2% sodium citrate. Underfilling leaves relatively too much citrate, which over-chelates calcium when the test is recalcified and prolongs PT and aPTT. The specimen should be rejected and recollected to the stated fill line.
7A lithium-heparin chemistry tube drawn after a lavender EDTA tube shows unexpectedly low calcium and high potassium. What is the most likely cause?
A.In vivo hypocalcemia with concurrent Addison disease
B.Fluoride carryover from a gray-top tube drawn earlier
C.Prolonged tourniquet time lowering ionized calcium only
D.EDTA carryover chelating calcium and adding potassium from the K2-EDTA salt
Explanation: EDTA binds calcium, so even a small carryover into a chemistry tube can produce critically low calcium. Potassium-EDTA salts also add potassium, creating paired pseudohypocalcemia and pseudohyperkalemia. Repeating the draw in the correct order of draw distinguishes artifact from true electrolyte crisis.
8Why are EDTA and fluoride-oxalate tubes filled after serum chemistry tubes in venipuncture order of draw?
A.Those additives improve serum enzyme activity if they enter a chemistry tube
B.Their additives cause the most harmful carryover into coagulation and chemistry assays if they contaminate earlier tubes
C.They clot faster than serum tubes and must be filled while the vein is still dilated
D.International color codes require lavender and gray tops to be collected first
Explanation: EDTA and oxalate/fluoride are strong calcium binders and metabolic inhibitors. If they contaminate a citrate or serum tube, clotting times, calcium, magnesium, and some enzymes become unreliable. Placing them last in the venous order of draw keeps those additives downstream of the tests they would spoil.
9An automated CBC shows a very low RBC count, markedly high MCV and MCHC, and granular interference flags in a patient with cold symptoms. Which preanalytical step is most appropriate?
A.Warm the EDTA specimen to 37°C and rerun, considering cold agglutinin artifact
B.Report the indices immediately because high MCHC always means spherocytosis
C.Dilute the sample with distilled water to lyse agglutinates
D.Centrifuge the EDTA tube and run the CBC on the packed cells only
Explanation: Cold agglutinins clump red cells in the cold, so the analyzer undercounts RBC particles and overestimates MCV and MCHC. Warming the EDTA sample to 37°C disperses the clumps and usually corrects the indices. Distilled-water lysis or packed-cell sampling would destroy the CBC rather than fix the artifact.
10The analyzer reports severe thrombocytopenia, but the film shows platelet clumps and satellitism around neutrophils. What is the best next laboratory step?
A.Issue the low platelet count and recommend immediate platelet transfusion
B.Recollect in a citrate tube and repeat the platelet count to evaluate EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia
C.Heat the EDTA tube to 56°C to destroy clumping antibodies
D.Report the count after multiplying by the hematocrit to correct for plasma volume
Explanation: EDTA can expose platelet antigens so that antibodies cause clumping or neutrophil satellitism, producing a falsely low automated count. A citrate-anticoagulated recollection usually disperses the clumps and gives a more accurate platelet count. Heating to 56°C or arithmetic hematocrit tricks are not valid platelet methods.

About the Cambodia Laboratory Exit Exam Exam

Cambodia requires medical laboratory technology graduates of public and private programmes to sit a national exit examination under Sub-Decree 21 ANKr.BK. NECHS administers the sitting. World Bank SPESHP includes laboratory technology among the six professions assessed with competency-based MCQ and OSCE methods. Official item count, duration, fee, and pass mark are unpublished. This free bank is independent OpenExamPrep English MCQ study for graduate laboratory knowledge, not an official NECHS paper and not council registration.

Exam sponsor: National Examination Committee for Health Sector Training (NECHS). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

National competency exit sitting in Khmer for medical laboratory technology graduates of public and private programmes under Sub-Decree 21. Official format includes written MCQ and OSCE components per SPESHP. This 100-question bank is an independent English MCQ study adaptation, not a bench-skills or OSCE simulation.

Time Limit

Not published as a single sitting duration

Passing Score

Not published as a numeric cut score for the laboratory sitting

Exam / Certification Fees

Not published in Sub-Decree 21 or SPESHP documents

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

Official weight unpublished (20 practice questions)

Specimen handling and hematology

Pre-analytical collection, blood counts, anemias, and coagulation principles.

Official weight unpublished (20 practice questions)

Clinical chemistry

Electrolytes, organ-function panels, and analytic principles.

Official weight unpublished (20 practice questions)

Microbiology

Culture, staining, and bacteria of public-health importance in Cambodia.

Official weight unpublished (20 practice questions)

Parasitology and serology

Parasites of public-health importance and antibody/antigen screening principles.

Official weight unpublished (10 practice questions)

Blood bank and transfusion

Blood grouping, compatibility, and transfusion safety.

Official weight unpublished (10 practice questions)

Biosafety, quality assurance, and ethics

Laboratory biosafety, quality systems, and professional conduct.

Preparing for the Cambodia Laboratory Exit Exam Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Not published as a numeric cut score for the laboratory sitting
  • Assessment: National competency exit sitting in Khmer for medical laboratory technology graduates of public and private programmes under Sub-Decree 21. Official format includes written MCQ and OSCE components per SPESHP. This 100-question bank is an independent English MCQ study adaptation, not a bench-skills or OSCE simulation.
  • Time limit: Not published as a single sitting duration
  • Exam / certification fees: Not published in Sub-Decree 21 or SPESHP documents Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Cambodia Laboratory Exit Exam: Suggested Study Strategy

1Review malaria, dengue, TB, and HIV laboratory methods used in Cambodian public-health programmes from official sources.
2Drill pre-analytical quality and biosafety alongside analytic interpretation.
3Review Khmer laboratory terms because the official sitting is in Khmer.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is health-professional-council registration the same as this exam?

No. The 2016 Law on Regulation of Health Practitioners requires registration and a renewable practitioner licence with the relevant council. Those steps are documentary. The national exit examination is the competency sitting administered by NECHS.

Does this bank replace bench OSCE practice?

No. Official clinical stations assess performance. These English MCQs practise knowledge, safety, and interpretation only.