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Croatia Judicial Examination (Pravosudni ispit, MPUDT)

Practice Questions25 questions

Exam Review

Key Facts: Javnobilježnički ispit Exam

2 instruments

Written drafting assignment

MPUDT examination-format page

5 hours

Maximum written-part duration

MPUDT examination-format page

3 members

Examination commission

Pravilnik o javnobilježničkom ispitu (NN 38/1994)

3 groups

Official oral subject groups

MPUDT examination-format page

€132

Full examination fee

MPUDT Javnobilježnički ispit page

MPUDT's Javnobilježnički ispit combines a five-hour drafting exercise with an oral examination in three subject groups before a three-member commission.

Sample Javnobilježnički ispit Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Javnobilježnički ispit exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 25+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1How does the Croatian Notary Public Act (Zakon o javnom bilježništvu — ZJB) characterize the public-notary service?

A.A public service based on public trust, performed by independent holders of public authority

B.A branch of municipal-court administration staffed by civil servants

C.A regulated legal consultancy whose instruments have only private evidentiary value

D.A court-annexed mediation service limited to settling existing disputes

Explanation: The ZJB defines public-notary work as a public service founded on public trust. A javni bilježnik acts independently and exercises statutory public authority when preparing and authenticating instruments and carrying out entrusted work.

2Which experience route satisfies the central professional prerequisites for admission to the Javnobilježnički ispit under the current ZJB?

A.Passing the Pravosudni ispit and then completing either 18 months in specified legal roles or 2 years in other legal work

B.Completing 18 months of any legal work before taking the Pravosudni ispit, with no post-exam practice

C.Completing a doctoral law degree in place of the Pravosudni ispit and practical experience

D.Serving only as a javnobilježnički vježbenik for 3 years, with no alternative qualifying route

Explanation: The current ZJB ties eligibility to prior passage of the Pravosudni ispit and post-exam legal work. The shorter 18-month route applies to specified judicial, advocacy, state-attorney and notarial roles; other legal work requires two years.

3A client asks a public notary to prepare an instrument whose agreed purpose violates a mandatory statutory prohibition. What is the notary's proper response?

A.Prepare it if both parties sign a waiver acknowledging the illegality

B.Refuse the requested official action and explain the legal obstacle

C.Authenticate only the parties' signatures while disregarding the prohibited purpose

D.Prepare the instrument but withhold all official copies until a court reviews it

Explanation: The notary's public function includes legality control. A request contrary to mandatory law cannot be cured by consent, by relabeling the service as signature certification, or by postponing delivery.

4Under the Javnobilježnički poslovnik, which register is used for signature and copy certifications rather than probate work or deposits?

A.Upisnik za ovjere (Ov)

B.Upisnik za poslove sudskog povjerenika (Pov)

C.Upisnik pologa (Pol)

D.Opći poslovni upisnik (Upi)

Explanation: The Ov register is the specialized register for certifications such as signatures and copies. Pov tracks entrusted court-commissioner work, Pol concerns deposits, and Upi is the general business register.

5How does the ZJB principally secure a public notary's professional civil liability for loss caused through official work?

A.Through mandatory professional-liability insurance maintained for the office

B.Through automatic unlimited indemnity from the state budget

C.Through a bond deposited by every client before an instrument is prepared

D.Through immunity from damages claims unless a criminal conviction occurs first

Explanation: A public notary must maintain professional-liability insurance as prescribed by the ZJB. That mechanism does not turn every loss into state liability or make civil recovery depend on a prior criminal conviction.

6Which transaction is a standard example of one for which Croatian law requires a javnobilježnički akt rather than an ordinary private writing?

A.A one-year lease of unfurnished office space

B.A sale of movable office equipment between two companies

C.A gift made without immediate delivery of the gifted thing

D.A preliminary agreement to negotiate a vehicle purchase

Explanation: A gift without immediate delivery is among the transactions for which the ZJB requires the protective form of a notarial deed. The form requirement reflects the heightened risk of an unperformed gratuitous promise.

7What combination is essential for a notarial instrument to support direct enforcement of an obligation?

A.A sufficiently determined obligation and the debtor's express consent to direct enforcement when the obligation becomes due

B.A sufficiently determined and due obligation, even though the debtor has not consented to direct enforcement

C.The debtor's general consent to enforcement, even though the deed does not determine the obligation or when it is due

D.A determined obligation plus a unilateral enforcement statement signed only by the creditor

Explanation: Direct enforceability depends on a legally sufficient obligation and the debtor's express enforcement consent in the instrument. The notarial route is valuable precisely because, when statutory conditions are satisfied, a separate merits judgment is not invariably required.

8What distinguishes solemnization (potvrđivanje privatne isprave) from simply witnessing a party's signature?

A.The notary authenticates the parties' signatures but does not examine whether the document reflects their informed legal intent

B.The notary treats the parties' private document through the safeguards used for a notarial deed and adds a solemnization clause

C.The notary confirms the document's content only if an attorney drafted it, without reading or explaining it to the parties

D.The notary converts the document into a notarial deed only after the competent court approves its terms

Explanation: In solemnization, the notary applies substantive safeguards: examining the instrument, explaining its effect and confirming the parties' informed approval before adding the clause. It is more than verification that a particular person signed.

9When certifying a signature (ovjera potpisa), what does the notary ordinarily certify?

A.That the instrument is substantively lawful and creates an enforceable title

B.That the signer signed or acknowledged the signature before the notary after identity was established

C.That every factual statement in the document is independently verified

D.That the transaction has already been entered in any affected land or court register

Explanation: Signature certification principally authenticates the act of signing by an identified person. It should not be confused with solemnization, substantive factual verification, or completion of a registry entry.

10A participant in a notarial deed cannot read or write. Which safeguard best reflects the special ZJB procedure for completing the deed?

A.The participant must appoint the notary as attorney-in-fact for the transaction

B.The document may be signed privately first and mailed to the notary for later approval

C.Two instrument witnesses or a second public notary participate in the prescribed reading and approval procedure

D.The deed is automatically replaced by a signature certification because no deed can be made

Explanation: The ZJB uses additional human safeguards when a participant cannot read or write: two instrument witnesses or a second notary participate as prescribed. The point is to establish informed participation and authenticity, not to bar the person from using a notarial deed.

About the Javnobilježnički ispit Exam

The Javnobilježnički ispit is Croatia's state professional examination for notarial work. Eligibility under the current Notary Public Act requires a law qualification, the Pravosudni ispit, and either at least 18 months of specified legal work after that examination or at least two years of other legal work after it. Passing is required for appointment as a public notary and is incorporated into the requirements for a notary assessor; it is not a statutory prerequisite merely to serve as a notary adviser. This independent English-language MCQ bank reviews concepts from the Ministry's current source list while preserving Croatian legal terms. It does not reproduce the official drafting/oral format, claim official alignment, or substitute for Croatian legal drafting and oral preparation. MPUDT does not publish an explicit list of permitted examination languages, so no official language is asserted here.

Exam sponsor: Ministarstvo pravosuđa, uprave i digitalne transformacije (MPUDT). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The written part requires two examples of notarial instruments within five hours. The oral part follows, ordinarily the same day and no later than eight days after the written part, and covers three official groups: notarial service and connected private/procedural law; notarial company-law work; and the Javnobilježnički poslovnik and other notarial regulations.

Time Limit

Written part: up to 5 hours. Oral examination: up to 4 hours for an individual candidate under the examination rule.

Passing Score

A three-member commission decides by majority and records 'položio s odličnim', 'položio', or 'nije položio'. One insufficient oral subject leads to a supplementary examination in 1–3 months; two insufficient subjects result in failure and a new attempt no sooner than 4 months.

Exam / Certification Fees

€132 for the full examination; €59 for a supplementary examination.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

MPUDT — Javnobilježnički ispit · Source checked 2026-09-11
MPUDT — examination format and oral subjects · Source checked 2026-09-11
MPUDT — current official source list · Source checked 2026-09-11
Pravilnik o javnobilježničkom ispitu (NN 38/1994) · Source checked 2026-09-11
Zakon o javnom bilježništvu (NN 78/1993, as amended through NN 57/2022) · Source checked 2026-09-11

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

20% of this local bank

Notarial service and office rules

Public-service status, duties, disqualification, responsibility, office personnel and registers. This is a local study cluster, not an official weight.

20% of this local bank

Notarial instruments and legal transactions

Notarial deeds, solemnized private documents, certifications, enforceability and participant safeguards. This is a local study cluster, not an official weight.

20% of this local bank

Probate as court commissioner

Probate authority, inheritance declarations, disputes, remedies and later-discovered assets. This is a local study cluster, not an official weight.

20% of this local bank

Enforcement and deposits

Authentic-instrument enforcement procedure and notarial safekeeping. This is a local study cluster, not an official weight.

20% of this local bank

Companies and land registration

Notarial company documents and core land-register entries. This is a local study cluster, not an official weight.

Preparing for the Javnobilježnički ispit Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: A three-member commission decides by majority and records 'položio s odličnim', 'položio', or 'nije položio'. One insufficient oral subject leads to a supplementary examination in 1–3 months; two insufficient subjects result in failure and a new attempt no sooner than 4 months.
Assessment: The written part requires two examples of notarial instruments within five hours. The oral part follows, ordinarily the same day and no later than eight days after the written part, and covers three official groups: notarial service and connected private/procedural law; notarial company-law work; and the Javnobilježnički poslovnik and other notarial regulations.
Time limit: Written part: up to 5 hours. Oral examination: up to 4 hours for an individual candidate under the examination rule.
Exam / certification fees: €132 for the full examination; €59 for a supplementary examination. Official sources

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Javnobilježnički ispit: Suggested Study Strategy

1Compare a javnobilježnički akt, a solemnized private document and ordinary signature certification by legal effect, not merely by label.

2Practice identifying when a notary must refuse an act or is personally disqualified from acting.

3Trace a probate file from court assignment through a final rješenje o nasljeđivanju, including what happens when material facts are disputed.

4For authentic-instrument enforcement, separate the notary's procedural role from the court's role after a timely reasoned objection.

5Use MPUDT's current source list because the listed statutes and regulations are updated over time.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who administers the Javnobilježnički ispit?

MPUDT administers the state examination. The Hrvatska javnobilježnička komora is central to the profession, but it is not the examination administrator.

Who may apply?

A candidate must meet the statutory law-qualification conditions, have passed the Pravosudni ispit, and have the required post-examination legal work: at least 18 months in the specified judicial, advocacy, state-attorney or notarial roles, or at least two years of other legal work.

What is the official format?

Candidates draft two examples of notarial instruments within five hours and then sit an oral examination in three subject groups before a three-member commission. It is not an official multiple-choice examination.

How is the result determined?

The commission decides by majority and records one of three results: 'položio s odličnim', 'položio', or 'nije položio'. A candidate insufficient in only one oral subject may take a supplementary examination in that subject.

How does this bank relate to the official exam?

It is independent English-language MCQ study for the named exam's legal topics. It is not an official translation, an official-format simulation, or a substitute for drafting and oral practice.