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Key Facts: Psychology Exam
Practice Finland Ylioppilastutkinto Psychology with 100 original study MCQs covering core lukio knowledge, application, and exam strategy. Official test is a 6-hour digital paper (up to 5/9 tasks, max 120 points).
Sample Psychology Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to test your Psychology exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1Which part of a neuron typically receives chemical signals from other neurons and conducts them toward the cell body?
A.Dendrites
B.Axon
C.Myelin sheath
D.Synaptic vesicle
Explanation: Dendrites are branching extensions that receive neurotransmitter signals at synapses and pass graded potentials toward the soma (cell body). The axon then carries the action potential away from the soma.
2What is the primary role of myelin sheaths on many axons?
A.To store long-term memories in the axon membrane
B.To speed conduction of action potentials via saltatory conduction
C.To convert light into neural signals in the retina
D.To produce cerebrospinal fluid
Explanation: Myelin is a fatty insulating layer produced by glia. In myelinated axons, action potentials jump between nodes of Ranvier (saltatory conduction), greatly increasing conduction speed.
3Which brain structure is most strongly associated with consolidating new declarative (explicit) memories?
A.Cerebellum
B.Amygdala
C.Hippocampus
D.Medulla oblongata
Explanation: The hippocampus (medial temporal lobe) is critical for forming and consolidating new episodic and semantic memories. Classic evidence includes patient H.M., who could not form many new declarative memories after bilateral medial temporal damage.
4In classical conditioning, what is a conditioned stimulus (CS)?
A.An unlearned response that automatically follows an unconditioned stimulus
B.A reinforcer delivered after a voluntary behavior
C.Any punishment that decreases response rate
D.A stimulus that originally is neutral but comes to elicit a response after pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
Explanation: A conditioned stimulus starts as neutral (does not elicit the target response) and, after repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus (US), comes to elicit a conditioned response (CR). Pavlov’s tone became a CS for salivation after pairing with food.
5According to operant conditioning, positive reinforcement occurs when:
A.A desirable stimulus is presented after a behavior, increasing that behavior
B.An aversive stimulus is removed after a behavior, increasing that behavior
C.An aversive stimulus is presented after a behavior, decreasing that behavior
D.A desirable stimulus is removed after a behavior, decreasing that behavior
Explanation: Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior by adding a pleasant or desired consequence after it. Example: praise or points after studying that increases studying.
6In the multi-store (Atkinson–Shiffrin) model, which store has a very limited capacity of about 7 ± 2 chunks for a short duration without rehearsal?
A.Sensory memory
B.Short-term / working memory
C.Long-term memory
D.Procedural memory store only
Explanation: Short-term memory is capacity-limited (classically ~7±2 chunks; modern estimates often closer to 4±1 for pure items) and brief unless material is rehearsed or encoded into long-term memory. Sensory memory is large but very brief; long-term memory has vast capacity.
7Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most associated with mobilizing energy for a fight-or-flight response?
A.Somatic nervous system
B.Parasympathetic division
C.Sympathetic division
D.Enteric nervous system alone
Explanation: The sympathetic division prepares the body for action: increases heart rate, dilates pupils, redirects blood to muscles, and mobilizes energy. The parasympathetic division supports rest-and-digest functions.
8What does the term 'absolute threshold' mean in sensation?
A.The smallest detectable difference between two stimuli (just noticeable difference)
B.The point at which a stimulus becomes painfully intense
C.The maximum number of stimuli that can be attended at once
D.The minimum stimulus intensity needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time
Explanation: Absolute threshold is the lowest intensity at which a stimulus is detected about half the time under ideal conditions. Difference threshold (JND) is the smallest detectable change between stimuli.
9Broca’s area is most associated with which function?
A.Speech production / fluent articulation planning
B.Fluent speech comprehension with meaningless output when damaged
C.Visual face recognition
D.Balance and posture
Explanation: Broca’s area (typically left inferior frontal cortex) is linked to speech production. Damage can produce non-fluent, effortful speech with relatively better comprehension (Broca’s aphasia).
10In Baddeley’s working memory model, which component briefly holds phonological (speech-based) information?
A.Visuospatial sketchpad
B.Phonological loop
C.Central executive only as a store
D.Episodic buffer as the only store for sound
Explanation: The phonological loop temporarily maintains speech-based material via a phonological store and articulatory rehearsal. The visuospatial sketchpad handles visual/spatial material; the central executive coordinates attention.
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