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Catalonia PAU Geography Examination — CIC 2026 (Geografia 2n de Batxillerat) practice questions are available now; exam metadata is being verified.
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Key Facts: Catalonia PAU Geography Exam Exam
PAU Catalunya Geografia exam evaluates physical relief, climate, demography, urban systems, and economic sectors for university admission.
Sample Catalonia PAU Geography Exam Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to test your Catalonia PAU Geography Exam exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1What is the geological origin of the ancient basement of the Iberian Peninsula (Macizo Ibérico / Hercynian Massif)?
A.Paleozoic Hercynian orogeny
B.Alpine folding during the Tertiary period
C.Post-Pliocene volcanic depositions
D.Mesozoic marine sedimentation
Explanation: The Macizo Ibérico formed during the Paleozoic era as a result of the Hercynian (Variscan) orogeny. It constitutes the rigid ancient basement of the western Iberian Peninsula, composed mainly of metamorphic and igneous rocks like granite, slate, and gneiss.
2Which lithological domain dominates the western half of the Iberian Peninsula, characterized by ancient rocks such as granite, slate, and gneiss?
A.Calcareous Spain
B.Siliceous Spain
C.Clay Spain
D.Volcanic Spain
Explanation: Siliceous Spain covers the western Iberian Peninsula (Galicia, western Meseta, Extremadura) where Paleozoic Hercynian rocks predominate. Hard crystalline rocks like granite, slate, and quartzite form characteristic landscapes such as granitic tors (berrocales) and pediments.
3The Pyrenean mountain range in northern Catalonia is structurally divided into which two main parallel zones?
A.Central Depression and Littoral Cordillera
B.Transversal Range and Hercynian Massif
C.Axial Pyrenees and Pre-Pyrenees
D.Sub-Betic Range and Penibetic Range
Explanation: The Pyrenees comprise the high central Axial Pyrenees (Paleozoic crystalline rocks, highest peaks) and the surrounding Pre-Pyrenees (Mesozoic limestone ranges divided into Inner and Outer sierras).
4What structural system forms the coastal relief of Catalonia, running parallel to the Mediterranean shore?
A.Catalan Coastal Range (Serralada Litoral and Serralada Prelitoral)
B.Cantabrian Mountains
C.Iberian System
D.Sierra Morena
Explanation: The Catalan Coastal System (Sistema Mediterrani Català) consists of two parallel mountain chains—the Serralada Litoral along the coast and the higher Serralada Prelitoral inland—separated by the intermediate Prelitoral Depression (Fossa del Vallès-Penedès).
5The interior plain between the Pyrenees and the Catalan Prelitoral Range in central Catalonia is known as the:
A.Ebro Delta Plain
B.Empordà Basin
C.Baix Llobregat Valley
D.Catalan Central Depression (Depressió Central Catalana)
Explanation: The Catalan Central Depression (Depressió Central Catalana) forms the eastern sector of the Ebro Tertiary Basin, characterized by plateau reliefs (tossals), tabular hills, and sedimentary plains carved by Pyrenean rivers.
6Which internal mountain range divides the Spanish Meseta Central into the Submeseta Norte and Submeseta Sur?
A.Montes de Toledo
B.Sistema Central
C.Cordillera Cantábrica
D.Sistema Ibérico
Explanation: The Sistema Central is a mountain range composed of Hercynian horsts (e.g., Sierra de Gredos, Sierra de Guadarrama) that splits the Meseta Central into two high plateaus: the northern Submeseta Norte (Duero basin) and southern Submeseta Sur (Tagus and Guadiana basins).
7The Alpine Orogeny during the Cenozoic era was primarily responsible for which major relief transformation in Spain?
A.Forming the Hercynian basement of Galicia
B.Creating the volcanic islands of the Canaries
C.Uplifting alpine chains like the Pyrenees and Betics and fracturing Hercynian blocks
D.Depositing Paleozoic coal basins in Asturias
Explanation: The Alpine Orogeny squeezed Mesozoic marine sediments to uplift young alpine ranges (Pyrenees, Betic Systems) and fractured the rigid Paleozoic Hercynian basement into raised blocks (horsts like the Sistema Central) and sunken basins (grabens like the Duero and Tagus basins).
8Dissolution of limestone by rainwater in Calcareous Spain creates distinct landforms such as sinkholes, lapies, and subterranean caves, collectively known as:
A.Karst topography
B.Appalachian relief
C.Volcanic caldera
D.Badlands relief
Explanation: Karst topography (modelat càrstic) develops in limestone areas (Calcareous Spain) through chemical dissolution of calcium carbonate by carbonic acid in rainwater, producing features like lapiaz (fluting), dolines (sinkholes), poljes, and cavern systems.
9In Catalonia, the comarca of La Garrotxa (Olot area) is renowned for which specific geological feature?
A.Glacial cirques and U-shaped troughs
B.Granitic batholiths and tors
C.Coastal dune ridges
D.Quaternary volcanic fields with basaltic cones and lava flows
Explanation: La Garrotxa Volcanic Zone Natural Park contains over 40 volcanic cones (e.g., Santa Margarida, Croscat) and basaltic lava flows formed during Quaternary volcanic activity associated with regional tectonic faulting.
10How did the Ebro Delta (Delta de l'Ebre) form off the southern coast of Catalonia?
A.Tectonic subsidence of coastal granitic blocks
B.Accumulation of riverine sediments trapped by low marine wave energy
C.Glacial moraine deposition during the Ice Age
D.Volcanic island arc accretion
Explanation: The Ebro Delta formed as the Ebro River deposited massive volumes of alluvial sediments into the Mediterranean Sea faster than marine currents and waves could erode them, creating a 320 km² wetland delta plain with lagoons and spits.
About the Catalonia PAU Geography Exam Practice Questions
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