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Catalonia PAU General Sciences Exam — Ciències Generals 2n Batxillerat CIC 2026 practice questions are available now; exam metadata is being verified.
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2026 Statistics
Key Facts: PAU Ciències Generals (CIC) Exam
CIC 2026
Consell Interuniversitari de Catalunya official PAU organizing authority
Generalitat de Catalunya
90 Mins
Official examination duration
PAU Catalunya
Min 4.0
Minimum Access Phase score required to calculate university admission mark
CIC Admission Regulations
4 Topics
Science & Society, Energy, Health & Biomedicine, Materials & Tech
LOMLOE 2n Batxillerat Syllabus
100
Practice questions available in this OpenExamPrep bank
OpenExamPrep
The Catalonia PAU General Sciences exam evaluates core scientific literacy across epistemology, climate science, health, and nanotechnology for 2n Batxillerat students.
Sample PAU Ciències Generals (CIC) Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to test your PAU Ciències Generals (CIC) exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1According to Karl Popper's demarcation principle in modern scientific epistemology, which criterion is required for a hypothesis to be considered scientific?
A.It must make testable predictions that can potentially be falsified by empirical evidence.
B.It must be capable of being proven true beyond all future doubt through experimental induction.
C.It must be supported by unanimous consensus among established scientific authorities.
D.It must rely on intuitive self-evidence that requires no physical measurement.
Explanation: Karl Popper established that scientific statements are distinguished from pseudoscience or dogma by their falsifiability—the logical possibility that an assertion can be contradicted by empirical observation. Science advances by attempting to refute hypotheses rather than seeking absolute verification.
2In a controlled laboratory experiment investigating how light intensity affects plant photosynthetic rate, what is the light intensity classified as?
A.The dependent variable
B.The independent variable
C.The controlled variable
D.The confounding variable
Explanation: The independent variable is the factor deliberately manipulated by the researcher (light intensity) to observe its direct effect on the dependent variable (photosynthetic rate).
3What is the primary function of a negative control group in a scientific experiment testing a new chemical enzyme inhibitor?
A.To maximize the rate of the chemical reaction under optimal temperature and pH.
B.To introduce multiple unmeasured environmental variables into the system.
C.To establish a baseline measurement in the absence of the active experimental treatment.
D.To ensure that all test subjects receive the active drug formulation.
Explanation: A negative control group receives no active experimental treatment (or receives an inert placebo), allowing researchers to establish a baseline measurement and isolate background noise or non-specific effects.
4What is the primary objective of peer review in academic scientific publication?
A.To guarantee that the published results represent absolute and unalterable universal truth.
B.To secure commercial patents and intellectual property rights for the authors.
C.To censor findings that challenge established political or economic doctrines.
D.To evaluate experimental methodology, statistical rigor, and logical consistency before publication.
Explanation: Peer review involves independent experts evaluating a manuscript's experimental design, data analysis, ethical compliance, and logical reasoning to ensure scientific quality and validity prior to publication.
5Which characteristic is a typical hallmark of pseudoscience rather than genuine empirical science?
A.Relies heavily on anecdotal claims, cherry-picked data, and resistance to peer refutation.
B.Modifies core theoretical frameworks in response to contradictory experimental data.
C.Utilizes standardized metric units and open-access data sharing protocols.
D.Subjects claims to rigorous double-blind randomized controlled trials.
Explanation: Pseudoscience relies on anecdotes, confirmation bias, non-falsifiable claims, and immune mechanisms against criticism, whereas genuine science actively seeks empirical testing and theoretical revision.
6If an epidemiological study finds a strong positive correlation between ice cream sales and drowning incidents, what is the most scientifically sound explanation?
A.Ice cream consumption directly causes physiological muscle cramps leading to drowning.
B.A third confounding variable, ambient summer temperature, drives increases in both activities.
C.Drowning incidents increase consumer psychological craving for ice cream products.
D.Statistical correlation automatically proves a direct causal relationship.
Explanation: Correlation does not imply causation. In this classic example, warm weather is a confounding variable that independently increases both swimming activity (drowning risk) and ice cream sales.
7Why is a double-blind design utilized in medical drug trial evaluations?
A.To ensure that patients receive lower dosages than recommended to minimize side effects.
B.To prevent researchers from discovering which side effects are associated with the drug.
C.To eliminate both patient placebo expectation effects and researcher observer bias.
D.To allow doctors to selectively assign healthier patients to the active drug group.
Explanation: In a double-blind trial, neither the patients nor the evaluating clinical researchers know who receives the active drug versus placebo, preventing psychological bias from influencing reported outcomes.
8How does increasing the sample size in a quantitative scientific experiment affect the statistical analysis?
A.It increases systematic calibration errors in measurement equipment.
B.It eliminates the need for establishing control groups or baseline data.
C.It decreases the statistical power of hypothesis tests.
D.It reduces random error margin and increases statistical confidence in estimated parameters.
Explanation: Larger sample sizes reduce random sampling variability and narrow confidence intervals, providing greater statistical power to detect true underlying effects.
9In inferential statistics, what does a p-value of 0.03 indicate when testing a null hypothesis at a standard significance threshold of alpha = 0.05?
A.There is a 3% probability of obtaining the observed data if the null hypothesis were true, justifying rejecting the null hypothesis.
B.The experimental drug or treatment failed to produce any measurable effect in 97% of test subjects.
C.The probability that the alternative hypothesis is false is exactly 3%.
D.The experiment suffered from a 3% systematic measurement error rate during execution.
Explanation: A p-value of 0.03 means there is only a 3% probability of observing test results at least as extreme as those measured assuming the null hypothesis (no effect) is true. Because 0.03 < 0.05, the result is statistically significant.
10If a digital weighing scale consistently reads 0.5 grams heavier than the actual mass of every sample due to improper zero calibration, what type of error is present?
A.Random environmental error affecting precision but preserving accuracy.
B.Systematic error causing high precision but compromised accuracy.
C.Statistical power error resulting from small sample sizing.
D.Observer expectation bias resulting from double-blind design.
Explanation: Improper zero calibration causes a systematic error (offset), shifting all readings by a predictable amount in one direction. The scale remains precise (reproducible readings) but inaccurate (shifted from true value).
About the PAU Ciències Generals (CIC) Practice Questions
Verified exam format metadata for Catalonia PAU General Sciences Exam — Ciències Generals 2n Batxillerat CIC 2026 is pending. The practice questions above remain available while official exam length, timing, passing score, fee, and administrator details are reviewed.