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100+ Free ATPL 090 Communications Practice Questions

Pass your EASA ATPL(A) Theoretical Knowledge - 090 Communications (VFR and IFR) exam on the first try — instant access, no signup required.

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: ATPL 090 Communications Exam

34 questions

Exam Length

EASA ATPL 090 syllabus

60 minutes

Time Limit

EASA ATPL 090 syllabus

75%

Pass Mark

EASA theoretical-knowledge standard

121.5 MHz

Emergency Frequency

ICAO Annex 10

7600

Radio Failure SSR Code

ICAO Annex 10

18 months

Window to Pass All Subjects

FCL.025

2019/017/R

ED Decision merging 091+092 into 090

EASA ED Decision

Subject 090 Communications is an EASA ATPL(A)/CPL(A)/IR(A) theoretical-knowledge exam taken at a national aviation authority test centre. After ED Decision 2019/017/R merged the old 091 VFR and 092 IFR subjects, 090 covers both flight rules in one 34-question, 60-minute multiple-choice paper with a 75% pass mark and no negative marking, drawn from the European Central Question Bank (ECQB 2026). Content spans general operating procedures (call signs and abbreviation, transmission of letters and numbers, standard words, mandatory readback of levels, headings, speeds, SSR codes, QNH and runway clearances), VFR aerodrome and circuit phraseology and ATIS, IFR clearances and ICAO position reporting, oceanic HF and SELCAL, weather broadcasts (VOLMET, SIGMET), distress (MAYDAY) and urgency (PAN-PAN) on 121.5 MHz, communication failure (squawk 7600, transmitting blind, IFR/VFR failure procedures, the light-signal table), transponder codes 7500/7600/7700, VHF line-of-sight and HF sky-wave propagation, 8.33 kHz spacing and CPDLC datalink basics. Under FCL.025, candidates have up to 4 attempts and 6 sittings, all passes within 18 months.

Sample ATPL 090 Communications Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your ATPL 090 Communications exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under ICAO radiotelephony procedures, abbreviation of an aircraft call sign may only be initiated by the:
A.Air traffic control unit
B.Aircraft, once it has established initial two-way contact
C.Aircraft, at any time after the first transmission
D.Flight information service officer only
Explanation: An aircraft call sign may be abbreviated only after satisfactory communication has been established and only if the ground station initiates the abbreviation; the aircraft may then use the abbreviated form thereafter. The pilot must not abbreviate on their own initiative.
2The flight level 'FL100' is transmitted on the radio as:
A.Flight level one hundred
B.Flight level one zero thousand
C.Flight level one zero zero
D.Flight level ten
Explanation: In ICAO radiotelephony all numbers used in the transmission of flight levels are spoken by pronouncing each digit separately. FL100 is therefore transmitted as 'flight level one zero zero'.
3When transmitting an altitude or height that contains a whole hundred or whole thousand, ICAO phraseology requires the word 'hundred' or 'thousand' to be used. The height 4 500 ft is therefore transmitted as:
A.Four five zero zero feet
B.Four point five thousand feet
C.Forty-five hundred feet
D.Four thousand five hundred feet
Explanation: Altitudes and heights are transmitted using the words 'thousand' and/or 'hundred' when the value is a whole multiple. 4 500 ft is transmitted as 'four thousand five hundred feet', which distinguishes it from flight-level digit-by-digit transmission.
4Which of the following items must ALWAYS be read back in full by the flight crew?
A.The current surface wind passed by the tower
B.An SSR (transponder) code assignment
C.The reported cloud base in the ATIS
D.A traffic information message
Explanation: ICAO requires mandatory readback of safety-related clearances/instructions including SSR codes, level instructions, heading/speed instructions, runway-in-use, clearances to enter/land/take off/cross/hold short of a runway, altimeter settings and transition levels. An SSR code falls in this mandatory readback list.
5The phrase 'READ BACK' is used by a controller to request that the receiving station:
A.Repeat all, or the specified part, of the message back exactly as received
B.Confirm receipt by saying ROGER
C.Pass the message on to another station
D.Reduce transmission speed
Explanation: Per ICAO standard phraseology, 'READ BACK' means 'repeat all, or the specified part, of this message back to me exactly as received'. It verifies the message was received correctly.
6The standard word 'WILCO' means:
A.I have received your message
B.Please repeat your message
C.I understand your message and will comply with it
D.Wait, I will call you back
Explanation: 'WILCO' is the contraction of 'will comply'. Under ICAO it means 'I understand your message and will comply with it'. It carries both understanding and intention to act.
7After an initial call has established contact, the controller passes a clearance. The standard phrase the pilot should use if the controller's transmission was not understood is:
A.NEGATIVE
B.CORRECTION
C.DISREGARD
D.SAY AGAIN
Explanation: 'SAY AGAIN' is the ICAO standard phrase used to ask another station to repeat all or part of a transmission that was not understood or not heard correctly.
8The aircraft registration 'G-ABCD' belongs to a flight using a full call sign of type A (registration only). Using the ICAO phonetic alphabet, this is transmitted as:
A.Golf Alpha Bravo Charlie Delta
B.Gulf Able Baker Charlie Delta
C.Golf Alpha Bravo Coca Delta
D.George Alpha Bravo Charlie David
Explanation: Each letter is transmitted using the ICAO spelling alphabet: G=Golf, A=Alpha, B=Bravo, C=Charlie, D=Delta. The full registration call sign G-ABCD is therefore 'Golf Alpha Bravo Charlie Delta'.
9An aircraft uses a telephony call sign consisting of the operating agency's designator followed by the flight identification, e.g. 'SPEEDBIRD 245'. This is which ICAO type of call sign?
A.Type A
B.Type B
C.Type C
D.Type D
Explanation: ICAO defines three call-sign types: Type A is the registration; Type B is the operating-agency telephony designator followed by the last four characters of the registration; Type C is the operating-agency telephony designator followed by the flight identification. 'SPEEDBIRD 245' is Type C.
10A controller transmits 'CLIMB FL250 REPORT REACHING FL200'. The correct readback by the pilot is:
A.ROGER, climbing
B.Climb flight level two five zero, report reaching flight level two zero zero
C.WILCO
D.Copied, level two five zero
Explanation: Level instructions are subject to mandatory readback. The clearance and the reporting instruction must be read back so the controller can confirm correct receipt: 'climb flight level two five zero, report reaching flight level two zero zero'.

About the ATPL 090 Communications Exam

Subject 090 Communications is one of the 13 EASA ATPL(A) theoretical-knowledge subjects. Following ED Decision 2019/017/R, the former subjects 091 VFR Communications and 092 IFR Communications were merged into a single subject 090 that covers both VFR and IFR radiotelephony. It tests ICAO standard phraseology and procedures: general operating procedures, aerodrome and en-route communications, weather information in flight, distress and urgency, communication failure, and radar/transponder phraseology. The exam is a 34-question multiple-choice paper with a 75% pass mark, drawn from the European Central Question Bank (current release ECQB 2026).

Questions

34 scored questions

Time Limit

1 hour (60 minutes)

Passing Score

75% per subject (no negative marking)

Exam Fee

Approx. EUR 60-130 per subject sitting (varies by national aviation authority) (EASA, examined by national aviation authorities (NAAs) on computer-based testing systems)

ATPL 090 Communications Exam Content Outline

26%

General Operating Procedures

Call signs and abbreviation initiated by the ground station, transmission of letters and numbers (digit-by-digit flight levels, headings, SSR codes versus thousand/hundred altitudes), transmitting technique and 100-words-per-minute rate, standard words (ROGER, WILCO, AFFIRM, NEGATIVE, STAND BY, SAY AGAIN, CORRECTION), and the mandatory readback list (levels, headings, speeds, SSR codes, QNH, runway clearances, frequency, transition level)

20%

VFR Phraseology & Transfer of Communication

Initial contact format, aerodrome and circuit phraseology, line up and wait, hold short, conditional clearances with the word BEHIND, ATIS information code letters and acknowledgment, CONTACT versus MONITOR frequency transfer with frequency readback, and flight information service procedures

20%

IFR Phraseology, Clearances & Position Reporting

IFR route, level and approach clearances with mandatory readback, REPORT ESTABLISHED and REPORT PASSING, the standard ICAO position-report order (identification, position, time, level, next position and ETA, ensuing point), procedural compulsory reporting points, oceanic clearances using cleared track, level and Mach number, and HF/SELCAL oceanic working

14%

Distress & Urgency

MAYDAY distress versus PAN-PAN urgency (each spoken three times), the 121.5 MHz emergency frequency, transmitting on the in-use air-ground frequency, distress message content, MAYDAY RELAY, imposing silence (STOP TRANSMITTING - MAYDAY), lifting it (DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED / SILENCE FINI), and cancelling distress

10%

Communication Failure

Selecting squawk 7600, first troubleshooting checks (volume, frequency, headset), blind transmissions prefixed TRANSMITTING BLIND, the IFR failure procedure in IMC (last acknowledged and expected clearance, route, levels, expected-approach time), the VFR failure procedure in VMC (continue and land at the nearest suitable aerodrome), and the ICAO/SERA light-signal table

10%

Meteorological Information, Radar/Transponder & Propagation

ATIS and VOLMET weather broadcasts and SIGMET hazard messages, SSR codes 7500/7700 and 2000/7000, Mode A identity and Mode C altitude, SQUAWK IDENT, CONFIRM SQUAWK and STOP SQUAWK CHARLIE, the 118-137 MHz VHF band with line-of-sight propagation and 8.33 kHz channel spacing, HF sky-wave propagation for oceanic range, and CPDLC datalink logon and messaging

How to Pass the ATPL 090 Communications Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 75% per subject (no negative marking)
  • Exam length: 34 questions
  • Time limit: 1 hour (60 minutes)
  • Exam fee: Approx. EUR 60-130 per subject sitting (varies by national aviation authority)

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

ATPL 090 Communications Study Tips from Top Performers

1Memorise the mandatory readback list - levels, headings, speeds, SSR codes, altimeter settings (QNH), runway clearances (enter/land/take off/cross/hold short), frequency changes and transition levels - and know that ROGER is never a substitute for a required readback
2Learn the number rules: flight levels, headings, SSR codes, frequencies and times are spoken digit by digit, while altitudes/heights use thousand and hundred (e.g. FL100 is 'one zero zero' but 4500 ft is 'four thousand five hundred feet')
3Lock in the emergency codes and frequency: 7500 hijack, 7600 radio failure, 7700 general emergency, and 121.5 MHz as the international aeronautical emergency frequency (243.0 MHz is the UHF military guard)
4Distinguish MAYDAY (grave and imminent danger, immediate assistance) from PAN-PAN (serious but not immediately life-threatening), both spoken three times, and know STOP TRANSMITTING - MAYDAY to impose silence and DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED to lift it
5Memorise the ICAO/SERA light-signal table (steady green in flight = cleared to land; steady red in flight = give way and continue circling; red flashes on the ground = move clear of the landing area) for communication-failure questions
6Understand propagation: VHF (118-137 MHz) is line-of-sight with range increasing with altitude, while HF uses sky-wave (ionospheric) propagation for oceanic range, supported by SELCAL four-letter codes and CPDLC datalink

Frequently Asked Questions

What is EASA ATPL Subject 090 Communications?

It is one of the 13 EASA ATPL(A) theoretical-knowledge subjects. ED Decision 2019/017/R merged the former 091 VFR Communications and 092 IFR Communications into a single subject 090 that tests ICAO radiotelephony phraseology and procedures for both VFR and IFR flight.

How many questions are on the 090 Communications exam and how long is it?

The 090 Communications paper has 34 multiple-choice questions and a time limit of 1 hour (60 minutes). The questions are drawn from the European Central Question Bank, currently release ECQB 2026.

What is the pass mark for the 090 exam?

The pass mark is 75%, the same as all EASA ATPL theoretical-knowledge subjects. There is no negative marking, so unanswered questions simply score zero and it is worth attempting every question.

How many attempts and how long do I have to pass all subjects?

Under FCL.025, a candidate may sit a subject a maximum of 4 times, complete all subjects within a maximum of 6 sittings, and pass all required subjects within 18 months counted from the end of the calendar month of the first attempt.

What does 090 Communications actually cover?

It covers general operating procedures (call signs, numbers, readback), VFR aerodrome and circuit phraseology and ATIS, IFR clearances and position reporting, weather broadcasts (VOLMET), distress (MAYDAY) and urgency (PAN-PAN), communication failure (squawk 7600 and the light-signal table), and radar/transponder phraseology.

What are transponder codes 7500, 7600 and 7700 for?

7500 indicates unlawful interference (hijack), 7600 indicates a radio communication failure, and 7700 indicates a general emergency. These are reserved international SSR codes that alert ATC even without a voice transmission.

How long should I study for Subject 090?

Most students spend around 20-40 hours on Communications. It is widely considered one of the more approachable ATPL subjects, but it rewards careful memorisation of standard words, the mandatory readback list, and the light-signal table.