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100+ Free ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Practice Questions

Prepare for the ECOM-CR — Examen de Conocimientos Médicos de Costa Rica (Costa Rica) exam with instant access — no signup required.

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26% at the first sitting (August 2023), rising to 60.2% (January 2025); 36.8% in September 2025 and 48.1% in February 2026 Pass Rate
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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Exam

140 cases

Total clinical case scenarios evaluated on the official electronic ECOM-CR exam

Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica — Decreto Ejecutivo 43769-S

70% / 70%

Article 23 pass rule: 70% or more of cases correct in 70% or more of the subareas evaluated that convocatoria

Reglamento del ECOM-CR, Artículo 23 — Procedimiento para Postulantes del ECOM-CR

50% weight

Proportion of exam cases devoted to Internal Medicine across 10 clinical subareas

Tabla de Especificaciones ECOM-CR — Colegio de Médicos

3 options

Answer choices per clinical case on the official exam: one correct key and two distractors, labelled A, B and C

Procedimiento para Postulantes del ECOM-CR — Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos

5 hours

Total duration of the digital tablet-based exam session

Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica

August 2023

Date of the first mandatory official administration of the ECOM-CR in Costa Rica

Acta Médica Costarricense (SciELO 2024)

Decreto 43769-S

Executive Decree establishing and regulating the ECOM-CR licensure exam

La Gaceta N° 217 — Procuraduría General de la República

Biannual

Frequency of official ECOM-CR convocatorias conducted each year

Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica

Costa Rica's ECOM-CR is the mandatory 140-case computer-based medical licensure examination administered by the Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos under Decreto Ejecutivo 43769-S. It runs 5 hours, is held twice a year in San José, and is passed by scoring at least 70% of cases correct in 70% or more of the evaluated subareas across 7 core areas. This 100-question English-language MCQ study adaptation provides case-based practice weighted to the official blueprint; it is a study aid, not a simulation of the Spanish three-option official exam.

Sample ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your ECOM-CR Medical Licensure exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 52-year-old male with newly diagnosed essential hypertension presents to his local primary health clinic (EBAIS) in San José. His blood pressure across three consecutive visits averages 152/94 mmHg. He has no history of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or coronary artery disease, and baseline serum creatinine is 0.9 mg/dL with normal electrolytes. According to standard clinical practice guidelines, which of the following is the most appropriate first-line pharmacological monotherapy?
A.Enalapril 10 mg orally once daily
B.Propranolol 40 mg orally twice daily
C.Clonidine 0.1 mg orally twice daily
D.Furosemide 40 mg orally once daily
Explanation: According to CCSS and international clinical guidelines for primary hypertension, first-line antihypertensive agents include ACE inhibitors (such as enalapril), angiotensin receptor blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, or thiazide-like diuretics. Enalapril provides proven cardiovascular and renal protection with an excellent safety profile.
2A 61-year-old man arrives at the emergency department of a regional hospital with severe, retrosternal squeezing chest pain of 90 minutes' duration radiating to his left shoulder and jaw. An urgent 12-lead ECG demonstrates 3 mm ST-segment elevation in leads V1 through V4 with reciprocal ST depressions in leads II, III, and aVF. The hospital lacks a cardiac catheterization laboratory, and the expected transfer time to a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) center is 150 minutes. What is the most appropriate immediate reperfusion strategy?
A.Immediate intravenous fibrinolytic therapy (e.g., tenecteplase) within 30 minutes of arrival
B.Transfer to the primary PCI center regardless of the transfer delay
C.Intravenous unfractionated heparin infusion alone and observational telemetry
D.Urgent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) transfer
Explanation: In ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), if primary PCI cannot be performed within 120 minutes from first medical contact, immediate fibrinolytic therapy (door-to-needle time <30 minutes) is indicated in the absence of contraindications. The patient is well within the 12-hour therapeutic window for thrombolytic reperfusion.
3A 68-year-old woman with a history of prior myocardial infarction presents for follow-up of chronic heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography reveals a left ventricular ejection fraction of 32%. She currently takes enalapril 10 mg twice daily and carvedilol 25 mg twice daily, and reports mild dyspnea with moderate exertion (NYHA Class II). Her blood pressure is 118/74 mmHg, heart rate is 68 bpm, serum potassium is 4.3 mEq/L, and estimated GFR is 62 mL/min/1.73 m². Which medication should be added to her regimen to reduce mortality?
A.Spironolactone 25 mg orally once daily
B.Digoxin 0.25 mg orally once daily
C.Amlodipine 5 mg orally once daily
D.Furosemide 40 mg orally once daily
Explanation: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) such as spironolactone reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, LVEF ≤35-40%) who remain symptomatic despite optimal ACE inhibitor/ARB and beta-blocker therapy, provided serum potassium is <5.0 mEq/L and eGFR is >30 mL/min.
4A 72-year-old female presents to the outpatient clinic with occasional palpitations. An ECG shows irregular narrow-complex tachycardia without distinct P waves, confirming non-valvular atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate of 88 bpm. Her medical history includes well-controlled hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus; she has no history of stroke, thromboembolism, or vascular disease. According to the CHA2DS2-VASc score, what is her stroke risk score and what is the recommended thromboprophylaxis?
A.Score of 4; oral anticoagulation with a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) or warfarin is recommended
B.Score of 2; aspirin 81 mg daily monotherapy is recommended
C.Score of 1; no antithrombotic therapy is required
D.Score of 3; dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is recommended
Explanation: The CHA2DS2-VASc score assigns: Age ≥75 (2 pts), Age 65-74 (1 pt, she is 72), Female sex (1 pt), Hypertension (1 pt), Diabetes mellitus (1 pt). Her total score is 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4. For women with a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥3 (or men ≥2), oral anticoagulation (DOAC or adjusted-dose warfarin) is strongly recommended for stroke prevention.
5A 45-year-old man with a prosthetic mechanical aortic valve develops a low-grade fever, anorexia, and night sweats over the past four weeks. Physical examination reveals a new regurgitant heart murmur and subungual splinter hemorrhages. Three separate sets of blood cultures drawn 12 hours apart grow Enterococcus faecalis. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) reveals an oscillating 8 mm intracardiac mass on the prosthetic valve ring. Which of the following modified Duke criteria classifications is fulfilled, and what is the definitive initial antimicrobial therapy?
A.Definite infective endocarditis (2 major criteria); Ampicillin plus Ceftriaxone (or Gentamicin)
B.Possible infective endocarditis (1 major and 1 minor criterion); Vancomycin monotherapy
C.Definite infective endocarditis (1 major and 3 minor criteria); Ciprofloxacin monotherapy
D.Rejected infective endocarditis; Oral Amoxicillin outpatient therapy
Explanation: The patient fulfills two major modified Duke criteria: persistent bacteremia with a typical organism (Enterococcus faecalis from separate blood cultures) and echocardiographic evidence of endocardial involvement (oscillating vegetation on TEE). This establishes definite infective endocarditis. The standard regimen for E. faecalis endocarditis is ampicillin combined with ceftriaxone (or a short course of gentamicin) to achieve synergistic bactericidal action.
6A 24-year-old woman presents with intensely pruritic, dry, erythematous patches with excoriations on both antecubital and popliteal fossae. She has a personal history of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial pharmacological treatment for an acute exacerbation of this condition, alongside emollients?
A.Topical low-to-medium potency corticosteroid (e.g., hydrocortisone or betamethasone valerate)
B.Oral cephalexin for 14 days
C.Oral systemic prednisone 40 mg daily for 4 weeks
D.Topical ketoconazole 2% cream twice daily
Explanation: The patient presents with atopic dermatitis (eczema) in classic flexural distribution. The cornerstone of acute flares consists of liberal application of bland emollients combined with short courses of low-to-medium potency topical corticosteroids applied to affected inflammatory areas.
7A 32-year-old agricultural laborer presents with severe nocturnal generalized pruritus that has worsened over the past three weeks. Two family members in the same household have developed similar symptoms. Physical examination demonstrates small erythematous papules, excoriations, and linear serpiginous burrows in the web spaces of the fingers, flexor wrists, and periumbilical area. What is the diagnosis and recommended treatment?
A.Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei); topical permethrin 5% cream applied neck-down and repeated in 7-14 days
B.Pediculosis corporis; topical lindane 1% lotion applied once for 10 minutes
C.Cutaneous larva migrans; oral albendazole 400 mg once daily for 3 days
D.Contact dermatitis; oral hydroxyzine 25 mg at bedtime as monotherapy
Explanation: The presentation of severe nocturnal pruritus, classic interdigital burrows, and household clustering is diagnostic of scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei infestation). First-line treatment is topical permethrin 5% cream applied from the neck down to all skin surfaces, left on for 8-14 hours, and repeated 7 to 14 days later to eradicate newly hatched nymphs, along with concurrent treatment of all household contacts.
8A 54-year-old fair-skinned man presents with a pigmented cutaneous lesion on his upper back. Dermatoscopic evaluation reveals asymmetry, border irregularity, color variegation (shades of dark brown, black, and blue), and a diameter of 8 mm. An excisional biopsy is performed. Histopathology confirms cutaneous malignant melanoma. Which histopathological parameter is the single most important determinant for staging, surgical margin determination, and prognosis in primary non-metastatic melanoma?
A.Breslow tumor thickness (depth in millimeters)
B.Clark anatomical level of tissue invasion
C.Total surface diameter of the lesion
D.Degree of surrounding solar elastosis
Explanation: Breslow depth (micrometric tumor thickness measured from the granular layer of the epidermis to the deepest point of invasion) is the primary pathological factor determining T staging, required surgical re-excision margins (e.g., 1 cm for ≤1 mm depth, 2 cm for >2 mm depth), sentinel lymph node biopsy indications (typically for thickness ≥0.8 mm or ulcerated lesions), and overall survival.
9A 38-year-old man presents with well-demarcated, erythematous plaques covered by thick, silvery-white scales located symmetrically over his extensor elbows, knees, and presacral region. Auspitz sign is positive upon gentle scraping of a scale. Several fingernails show pitting and distal onycholysis. Which of the following systemic treatments is contraindicated as monotherapy for this condition due to the risk of triggering life-threatening generalized pustular psoriasis upon withdrawal?
A.Oral systemic corticosteroids (e.g., oral prednisone)
B.Methotrexate
C.Cyclosporine
D.Acitretin
Explanation: Systemic corticosteroids are strongly contraindicated in plaque psoriasis because tapering or sudden withdrawal frequently triggers an acute rebound phenomenon, including life-threatening generalized pustular psoriasis (von Zumbusch type) or erythroderma.
10A 62-year-old woman is admitted with widespread flaccid blisters and painful denuded erosions on her trunk, scalp, and oral mucosa. Gentle lateral tangential pressure on normal-appearing perilesional epidermis induces dislodgement and epidermal detachment (positive Nikolsky sign). Direct immunofluorescence of a perilesional skin biopsy demonstrates intraepidermal intercellular IgG and C3 deposition in a 'fishnet-like' or 'chicken-wire' pattern. What is the target autoantigen in this condition?
A.Desmoglein 3 (and Desmoglein 1)
B.Hemidesmosomal BP180 and BP230
C.Tissue transglutaminase (tTG)
D.Type VII collagen
Explanation: The clinical presentation of flaccid bullae, mucosal erosions, positive Nikolsky sign, and intraepidermal acantholysis with intercellular 'fishnet' IgG deposition is pathognomonic for pemphigus vulgaris. Autoantibodies are directed against desmosomal cadherins, specifically desmoglein 3 (predominant in mucosal lesions) and desmoglein 1 (in cutaneous lesions).

About the ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Exam

The Examen de Conocimientos Médicos de Costa Rica (ECOM-CR) is the mandatory professional licensure examination required for all medical school graduates in Costa Rica seeking incorporation into the Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos and entry into the public healthcare system (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social - CCSS) through the Servicio Social Obligatorio. Established under Executive Decree N° 43769-S and Ley 9809, the exam rigorously assesses clinical decision-making across 140 cases in internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, family medicine, psychiatry, and bioethics. The official examination is administered in Spanish; this prep resource is an English-language MCQ study adaptation designed for international and bilingual medical trainees.

Assessment

The official examination consists of 140 clinical case vignettes (casos clínicos) delivered on the SABERMED-X platform via tablets at the Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos headquarters in San José. Each case presents a clinical stem of at most 175 words, which may include images such as ECGs or radiographs, followed by a reactivo (question) in one of the four ECOM-CR dimensions — Prevención, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento, Seguimiento — with three answer options labelled A, B and C, of which one is the key and two are distractors. Candidates have 5 hours in total, which includes the reading of instructions and any time spent leaving the exam room. Under Article 23 of the Reglamento, a candidate passes by scoring at least 70% of the clinical cases correct in 70% or more of the subareas evaluated in that convocatoria (20 subareas in the 2024-2026 sittings).

Time Limit

5 hours (300 minutes), inclusive of instructions and any breaks taken

Passing Score

At least 70% of clinical cases correct in 70% or more of the evaluated subareas (Reglamento ECOM-CR, Article 23)

Exam Fee

Set per convocatoria by the Colegio and not published in the Procedimiento para Postulantes; confirm the current amount at the CMC Plataforma de Servicios (₡125,000 CRC for graduates at launch). Paid by BAC colones transfer or Sinpe Móvil (Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica (CMC))

ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Exam Content Outline

50% of official exam (50 practice questions)

Medicina Interna (Internal Medicine)

Covers 10 clinical subareas: Cardiology, Dermatology, Endocrinology, Gastroenterology, Geriatrics, Hematology and Nephrology, Infectious Diseases, Pulmonology, Neurology, and Rheumatology.

20% of official exam (20 practice questions)

Cirugía (General Surgery & Surgical Specialties)

Covers 4 clinical subareas: General Surgery & Emergencies, Orthopedics & Traumatology, Otolaryngology (ENT), and Urology & Peripheral Vascular Surgery.

10% of official exam (10 practice questions)

Ginecología y Obstetricia (Gynecology & Obstetrics)

Covers normal antenatal surveillance, obstetric complications (preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage), labor management, contraception, and gynecological disorders.

5% of official exam (5 practice questions)

Pediatría (General Pediatrics & Pediatric Emergencies)

Covers neonatal care, well-child developmental milestones, CCSS official vaccination schedule, acute respiratory infections, pediatric dehydration, and pediatric resuscitation.

5% of official exam (5 practice questions)

Medicina Familiar y Salud Comunitaria (Family & Community Health Medicine)

Covers the primary health care model in Costa Rica (EBAIS / CCSS), preventive health, chronic non-communicable disease control, and epidemiology.

5% of official exam (5 practice questions)

Psiquiatría (General Psychiatry & Psychiatric Emergencies)

Covers mood disorders, anxiety disorders, acute psychosis, substance abuse, psychiatric emergencies, and crisis intervention.

5% of official exam (5 practice questions)

Investigación y Ética Médica (Research & Medical Ethics)

Covers biomedical research principles, epidemiological studies, diagnostic metrics, patient autonomy, informed consent, and the Código de Ética Médica del Colegio de Médicos.

How to Pass the ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: At least 70% of clinical cases correct in 70% or more of the evaluated subareas (Reglamento ECOM-CR, Article 23)
  • Assessment: The official examination consists of 140 clinical case vignettes (casos clínicos) delivered on the SABERMED-X platform via tablets at the Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos headquarters in San José. Each case presents a clinical stem of at most 175 words, which may include images such as ECGs or radiographs, followed by a reactivo (question) in one of the four ECOM-CR dimensions — Prevención, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento, Seguimiento — with three answer options labelled A, B and C, of which one is the key and two are distractors. Candidates have 5 hours in total, which includes the reading of instructions and any time spent leaving the exam room. Under Article 23 of the Reglamento, a candidate passes by scoring at least 70% of the clinical cases correct in 70% or more of the subareas evaluated in that convocatoria (20 subareas in the 2024-2026 sittings).
  • Time limit: 5 hours (300 minutes), inclusive of instructions and any breaks taken
  • Exam fee: Set per convocatoria by the Colegio and not published in the Procedimiento para Postulantes; confirm the current amount at the CMC Plataforma de Servicios (₡125,000 CRC for graduates at launch). Paid by BAC colones transfer or Sinpe Móvil

Keys to Passing

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

ECOM-CR Medical Licensure Study Tips from Top Performers

1Prioritize Internal Medicine, which represents 50% (70 of 140 cases) of the official exam across cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, and pulmonology.
2Master CCSS and PAHO clinical protocols, particularly for endemic tropical conditions like dengue fever (identifying warning signs), snakebite management (Bothrops asper / Instituto Clodomiro Picado antivenom), and tuberculosis screening.
3Review the CCSS essential drug formulary (Lista Oficial de Medicamentos - LOM) and first-line hypertension, diabetes, and antibiotic stewardship guidelines.
4Focus on clinical decision-making rather than rote memorization: each case presents an actionable vignette requiring the immediate next step in diagnosis or therapy.
5Understand the Costa Rican primary care model (EBAIS) and the legal framework of medical practice under Ley 3019/9809 and the Código de Ética Médica.
6Practice strict time management: with 140 cases in 300 minutes, spend no more than 2 minutes analyzing each clinical scenario and selecting your answer.
7Review obstetric emergencies thoroughly (severe preeclampsia magnesium sulfate protocol, postpartum hemorrhage active management, and neonatal resuscitation).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the ECOM-CR and who is required to take it in Costa Rica?

The ECOM-CR (Examen de Conocimientos Médicos de Costa Rica) is the mandatory national licensure examination for medical graduates wishing to incorporate into the Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica (CMC). Mandated by Ley Orgánica N° 3019 (as reformed by Ley N° 9809) and Executive Decree N° 43769-S, passing the ECOM-CR is legally required to practice medicine in Costa Rica and to qualify for the mandatory social service lottery (rifa del Servicio Social Obligatorio).

How many cases are on the official ECOM-CR and what score is needed to pass?

The official ECOM-CR consists of 140 clinical case scenarios (casos clínicos) administered electronically on tablets, each with three answer options. The pass criterion is set by Article 23 of the Reglamento del ECOM-CR: a candidate passes by obtaining a percentage of correct answers of 70% or more of the clinical cases in 70% or more of the total number of subareas evaluated in that convocatoria. Twenty subareas were evaluated in the 2024-2026 sittings, so this meant clearing the 70% bar in at least 14 of them. Anyone who does not meet the criterion is recorded as reprobado.

How is the official ECOM-CR structured across medical specialties?

The Procedimiento para Postulantes publishes an approximate percentage distribution of cases across 7 áreas troncales and their subareas: Medicina Interna 50% (10 subareas), Cirugía 20% (4 subareas), Ginecología y Obstetricia 10% (2 subareas), Pediatría 5%, Medicina Familiar y Salud Comunitaria 5%, Psiquiatría 5%, and Investigación y Ética Médica 5%. Applied to 140 cases that works out at roughly 70, 28 and 14 cases for the three largest areas and about 7 cases for each 5% area. Every case also maps to one of four dimensions — Prevención, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento, Seguimiento — and to one of the 18 professional actions in the ECOM-CR taxonomy.

What is the examination fee and how is it paid?

The Procedimiento para Postulantes does not print the amount: it says only that the candidate must pay the cost of the registration process and that the form and amount can be consulted at the CMC Plataforma de Servicios, because the Colegio sets it for each convocatoria. When the exam launched the CMC announced ₡125,000 CRC for university graduates and ₡175,000 CRC for already-incorporated physicians sitting voluntarily, so treat those as historical reference points rather than the current price. Payment is made by BAC colones bank transfer or Sinpe Móvil, and the applicant's full name and the exam date must appear in the payment description.

What are the eligibility prerequisites before taking the ECOM-CR?

Applicants must hold a Licenciatura in Medicine and Surgery (Medicina y Cirugía) from an authorized university in Costa Rica, or a foreign medical degree recognized and equiparated by CONARE. In addition, candidates must possess a valid Costa Rican identity document (cédula or DIMEX) and must complete and pass the mandatory Medical Ethics Course (Curso de Ética Médica) conducted by the Fiscalía del Colegio de Médicos.

What is the duration of the ECOM-CR exam session?

The examination is administered in a continuous 5-hour session (300 minutes), providing candidates with approximately 2 minutes per clinical case vignette. While candidates may take individual restroom or hydration breaks, the exam clock continues running and no extra time is granted.

In what language is the official ECOM-CR administered?

The official ECOM-CR is administered exclusively in Spanish using clinical cases written by certified Costa Rican medical educators in collaboration with UNAM (Mexico). This practice bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, designed to help candidates test core clinical decision-making, pharmacological treatments, and diagnostic guidelines in a standard question-bank format.

What happens if a candidate fails the ECOM-CR?

Every candidate receives an emailed report called Notificación y Análisis de Resultados within 30 calendar days, giving the Aprobado/Reprobado outcome, the number of cases answered correctly and incorrectly, the learning objective behind each case, the justification for the correct and incorrect options, and performance by área troncal, subárea and dimensión. A candidate who does not meet the Article 23 criterion may sit the exam as many times as needed at subsequent convocatorias, re-registering and paying the fee again; there is no statutory ceiling on attempts. A failed candidate may also file a Recurso de Revisión de Respuesta within 3 working days of notification and, subsequently, a Recurso de Apelación.