100+ Free Intermediate Social Worker (China) Practice Questions

Social Work Theory and Direct Practice (社会工作理论与综合能力)

Comprehensive evaluation of social work foundational theories, professional ethics, and direct practice methodologies: (1) Theoretical Paradigms: Psychodynamic theory (id/ego/superego, defense mechanisms, transference, countertransference), Cognitive-Behavioral therapy (ABC model, automatic thoughts, systematic desensitization, cognitive restructuring), Humanistic client-centered theory (Carl Rogers: unconditional positive regard, congruence, accurate empathy), Ecosystems theory (Urie Bronfenbrenner: micro-, meso-, exo-, macro-, and chrono-systems, Person-In-Environment P.I.E. perspective), Empowerment theory (Barbara Solomon: overcoming learned powerlessness, structural vs individual empowerment), Strengths perspective (Dennis Saleebey: CPR competence, possibilities, resilience; pathology vs strength orientation), Narrative therapy (externalizing the problem, deconstruction, re-authoring life stories), Crisis intervention model (Howard Parad & Gerald Caplan: crisis equilibrium restoration, time-limited brief intervention), and Task-centered model (William Reid & Laura Epstein: structured target problem solving); (2) Professional Values & Ethics: Core values (respect, client self-determination, non-judgmental acceptance, social justice), confidentiality and statutory duty-to-warn exceptions, boundary management and dual relationships, cultural competence, ethical dilemma resolution models (Loewenberg & Dolgoff's Ethical Principles Screen: protection of life, equality, autonomy, least harm, quality of life, privacy, truthfulness); (3) Direct Practice Modalities: Casework interviewing techniques (reflective discussions, supportive techniques, exploration-description-ventilation, confrontation, interpretation); Group work models (social goals model, remedial/treatment model, reciprocal/interactive model, developmental model), group development stages (forming, storming, norming, performing, terminating), and worker facilitation skills (linking, summarizing, clarifying, neutralizing subgroup conflicts); Community work models (Jack Rothman's three models: Locality Development 地区发展, Social Planning 社会策划, Social Action 社会行动), and Community Care models (care in the community, care by the community, and care for the community).

Social Welfare Laws and Policies (社会工作法规与政策)

In-depth knowledge of China's statutory legal framework, civil rights, and social welfare policy architecture: (1) Civil Code (PRC Civil Code Book of Marriage and Family & Guardianship): Designation of legal guardians, statutory order of guardianship, minor guardianship termination, child custody and support obligations, 30-day divorce cooling-off period (离婚冷静期), and personal safety protection orders against domestic violence; (2) Minor Protection Law (PRC Minor Protection Law): Six protective spheres (Family, School, Social, Cyber/Network, Government, Judicial), Mandatory Reporting System (强制报告制度) binding social workers and medical/educational staff, State Custody and temporary guardianship by civil affairs departments; (3) Elderly Rights Protection Law: Family support and maintenance obligations (经济供养、生活照料和精神慰藉), prohibition of elderly property dispossession, community aged care services, and long-term care insurance system pilots; (4) Disability Protection Law: Proportional employment quota (1.5% statutory benchmark), barrier-free accessibility standards, community-based rehabilitation, and the 'Two Subsidies' system (difficult disabled living subsidy and severely disabled nursing care subsidy); (5) Social Assistance Regulations (Interim Measures for Social Assistance): Urban and rural Minimum Livelihood Guarantee (Dibao 低保) dynamic income and asset verification, Extraordinary Poverty Relief and Support (特困人员供养 / Three-Nos: no working ability, no income, no legal supporters), Temporary Assistance (临时救助), and special assistance schemes (medical, housing, educational, employment); (6) Charity Law (PRC Charity Law): Non-profit charity designation, Public Fundraising Qualification (公开募捐资格) and annual spending/administrative expenditure ceilings, charitable trusts, transparent public disclosure timelines, and volunteer rights and liability protections; (7) Juvenile Delinquency & Community Corrections: PRC Law on Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (tiered classification: bad behavior vs serious bad behavior, specialized school reformatory education), and PRC Community Corrections Law (targets: public surveillance, suspension, parole, medical parole; correction teams and social workers' professional role); (8) Labor and Social Insurance Laws: Labor Contract Law (contract forms, statutory probation periods, overtime pay rates 150%/200%/300%, severance compensation), special female employee protections (maternity leave, lactation hours), and Social Insurance Law (five mandatory social insurance funds, 48-hour emergency treatment workplace death standard).

Agency Management and Research Methods (社会服务机构管理与社会工作研究)

Advanced non-profit organizational management, staff supervision, and quantitative/qualitative research methodology: (1) Social Service Agency Strategic Management: Agency governance (board of directors vs executive directors in Civil Non-Enterprise Units 民办非企业单位), organizational mission and vision formulation, strategic planning frameworks (SWOT analysis, PEST environmental scanning), organizational culture, and risk management; (2) Human Resource and Volunteer Management: Social worker job analysis, recruitment, competency development, volunteer lifecycle management (recruitment, orientation, placement, motivation, retention), and professional burnout prevention and resilience building; (3) Social Work Supervision (社会工作督导): Tripartite functions of supervision—Administrative supervision (task allocation, agency policy compliance, quality control), Educational supervision (clinical skill transmission, theory-to-practice integration, reflective case review), and Supportive supervision (emotional debriefing, burnout mitigation, secondary trauma support); supervision modalities (individual, group, peer, live supervision) and supervision developmental stages (contracting, working, evaluating); (4) Project Design and Proposal Writing: Logic Model framework (Inputs, Activities, Outputs, Outcomes, Impact), Bradshaw's four types of social needs (Normative needs 规范性需求, Felt needs 感觉性需求, Expressed needs 表达性需求, Comparative needs 比较性需求), SMART objective setting, budget breakdown, and government procurement of social services (政府购买社会工作服务) bid writing; (5) Program Monitoring and Evaluation: Formative/process evaluation, summative/outcome evaluation, Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), cost-effectiveness analysis, and third-party independent evaluation mechanisms; (6) Social Work Research Methodologies: Quantitative surveys (questionnaire construction, closed/open items, Likert scales, pilot testing), probability sampling (simple random, stratified, cluster, systematic) vs non-probability sampling (purposive, snowball, quota, convenience), measurement reliability (test-retest, internal consistency Cronbach's alpha) and validity (content, construct, criterion); Qualitative methodologies (in-depth semi-structured interviews, focus groups with 6–10 participants, participant observation, grounded theory coding tiers: open, axial, selective); Single-Subject Designs (单被试/单系统设计: AB baseline-intervention, ABAB withdrawal/reversal, multiple-baseline); and Participatory Action Research (PAR: cyclical plan-act-observe-reflect process, researcher as collaborator).

Generalist Intervention and Program Design (综合实务介入与方案设计)

Comprehensive application of the Generalist Intervention Model (GIM 通用过程模式) across specialized practice domains and vulnerable target populations: (1) Generalist Intervention Model 6-Stage Process: Stage 1 Intake/Engagement (接案: establishing professional rapport, clarifying presenting problems, assessing agency mandate/eligibility, working with involuntary/reluctant clients, obtaining informed consent, initial crisis stabilization); Stage 2 Assessment (预估: multidimensional biopsychosocial assessment, Genogram / 3-generation family tree construction with standard genealogical symbols, Ecomap / Eco-systemic diagram mapping energy flows and stress lines, identifying internal strengths and community assets, problem prioritization); Stage 3 Planning (计划: mutually agreed goal setting, short-term and long-term objective drafting, written service contracting, defining worker/client tasks and timelines); Stage 4 Implementation/Intervention (介入: direct interventions including cognitive restructuring, emotional containment, behavior rehearsal, role-playing, crisis response; indirect interventions including resource linkage, inter-agency referral, multi-disciplinary case conferencing, policy advocacy, community asset mobilization); Stage 5 Evaluation (评估: measuring baseline vs post-intervention changes, outcome evaluation, process evaluation, client self-reports, Goal Attainment Scaling GAS, tracking objective behavioral indicators); Stage 6 Termination (结案: determining appropriate termination readiness, addressing emotional responses to separation such as denial, anger, regression, dependency; consolidating behavioral gains, relapse prevention planning, referral protocols, and post-closure follow-up visits); (2) Specialized Vulnerable Populations & Practice Settings: Children & Youth Social Work (child abuse/neglect assessment, mandatory reporting, school social work, delinquency diversion, positive youth development); Elderly Social Work (cognitive decline/dementia caregiver psychoeducation, life review therapy, elder abuse intervention, age-friendly community transformation); Women & Family Social Work (domestic violence crisis response, shelter placement, feminist empowerment, Minuchin structural family therapy boundaries/subsystems, Virginia Satir communication models: placating, blaming, super-reasonable, irrelevant, congruent); Persons with Disabilities (medical vs social disability models, community-based rehabilitation CBR, supported employment, barrier-free advocacy); Medical & Mental Health Social Work (biopsychosocial discharge planning, catastrophic illness crisis support, palliative hospice care, psychiatric community reintegration, destigmatization, family psychoeducation); Occupational / Enterprise Social Work (Employee Assistance Programs EAP, occupational stress reduction, workplace equity); and Emergency Disaster Social Work (Psychological First Aid PFA, rapid disaster needs assessment, displaced family resettlement, community mutual aid reconstruction).