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Sample Junkao Military & Political Knowledge Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Junkao Military & Political Knowledge exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In Mao Zedong Military Thought, what is regarded as the core foundation and fundamental guiding principle of revolutionary warfare?
A.Technological superiority over enemy hardware
B.The concept of People's War relying on the broad masses
C.Purely professional standing army mechanization
D.Exclusive reliance on preemptive strategic strikes
Explanation: The core foundation of Mao Zedong Military Thought is People's War (人民战争), which posits that 'the army and the people are the foundation of victory.' It mobilizes, organizes, and relies on the broad masses of people to wage revolutionary struggle, integrating regular forces, local forces, and militia. Hardware and standing army organization are secondary to the decisive human and political factor of mass participation.
2Which sixteen-character formula encapsulates the fundamental operational principles of guerrilla warfare formulated by Mao Zedong and Zhu De?
A.Hold territory at all costs, advance rapidly, divide forces, engage everywhere
B.When the enemy advances we retreat; when the enemy camps we harass; when the enemy tires we attack; when the enemy retreats we pursue
C.Build deep fortifications, hoard strategic grain, slowly consolidate, claim supremacy
D.Preempt enemy deployment, strike logistics lines, avoid tactical retreat, encircle cities first
Explanation: The sixteen-character guerrilla warfare principle (敌进我退，敌驻我扰，敌疲我打，敌退我追) summarizes the flexible, mobile tactics developed during the Jinggangshan revolutionary period. It emphasizes avoiding superior enemy forces, wearing them down through harassment, attacking them when exhausted, and pursuing them when they retreat. This principle allowed the Red Army to survive and defeat numerically and technologically superior opponents.
3In his seminal strategic work 'On Protracted War' (1938), into which three successive stages did Mao Zedong divide the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression?
A.Strategic mobilization, decisive urban battle, and unconditional surrender
B.Strategic defense, strategic stalemate, and strategic counter-offensive
C.Guerrilla resistance, positional defense, and foreign intervention
D.Initial skirmish, border containment, and comprehensive disarmament
Explanation: In 'On Protracted War' (论持久战), Mao Zedong scientifically predicted that the anti-Japanese war would proceed through three distinct stages: enemy strategic offensive / our strategic defense (战略防御), enemy strategic consolidation / our strategic stalemate (战略相持), and our strategic counter-offensive / enemy strategic retreat (战略反攻). Mao identified the strategic stalemate as the pivotal and longest transition phase where China would gradually shift the balance of strength.
4What is the primary tactical objective of Mao Zedong's operational principle of 'concentrating a superior force to destroy the enemy forces one by one'?
A.To disperse friendly forces evenly along the entire front line to prevent breakthroughs
B.To achieve absolute numerical and firepower superiority locally to ensure total annihilation of isolated enemy units
C.To engage the enemy in simultaneous symmetrical frontal assaults across all combat sectors
D.To rely exclusively on long-range artillery bombardment while avoiding infantry maneuver
Explanation: The principle 'concentrating a superior force to destroy the enemy forces one by one' (集中优势兵力，各个歼灭敌人) describes creating a marked local advantage against an isolated part of a stronger opponent instead of dispersing forces across the whole front. The required force relationship depends on circumstances; the principle does not establish one universal numerical ratio.
5How does Mao Zedong Military Thought define the relationship between 'active defense' and 'passive defense'?
A.Active defense is defensive in strategic posture but offensive in operational and tactical execution, whereas passive defense is purely reactive holding of ground
B.Active defense means launching preemptive global invasions, whereas passive defense avoids all military engagement
C.Active defense applies only to naval operations, whereas passive defense governs terrestrial and air units
D.Active defense eliminates the need for retreat, whereas passive defense mandates continuous withdrawal
Explanation: Active defense (积极防御), also termed offensive defense or defense through decisive engagements, maintains a defensive strategic posture overall while executing proactive offensive maneuvers and counter-attacks at the operational and tactical levels. In contrast, passive defense (消极防御) is purely reactive, mechanical defense focused solely on holding fixed positions, which historically leads to defeat.
6Which of the following is one of the 'Three Main Rules of Discipline' (三大纪律) established by Mao Zedong for the Chinese Red Army and PLA?
A.Speak politely to everyone
B.Obey orders in all your actions
C.Pay fairly for what you buy
D.Do not damage crops
Explanation: The Three Main Rules of Discipline (三大纪律) are: (1) Obey orders in all your actions (一切行动听指挥); (2) Do not take a single needle or piece of thread from the masses (不拿群众一针一线); and (3) Turn in everything captured (一切缴获要归公). The other options belong to the 'Eight Points of Attention' (八项注意).
7What major strategic assessment regarding the international situation did Deng Xiaoping make in the 1980s that reshaped China's national defense development?
A.World War III was imminent and unavoidable within five years
B.Peace and development have become the two main themes of the contemporary era
C.Global military alliances would permanently replace national sovereign defense forces
D.Regional conflicts would cease entirely across all continents
Explanation: In the mid-1980s, Deng Xiaoping made the scientific strategic judgment that 'peace and development are the two major themes of the contemporary world' (和平与发展是当代世界的两大主题). This replaced the earlier assessment that major world war was imminent and inevitable, allowing China to shift its national focus toward socialist economic modernization and modernize its military in a phased, peacetime framework.
8What historic strategic transition did Deng Xiaoping direct regarding the PLA's guiding ideology for army building in 1985?
A.From active defense to overseas interventionist deterrence
B.From continuous preparation for an early, major, and nuclear war to peaceful-era army building centered on modernization
C.From regular standing armed forces to purely militia-based regional defense
D.From joint service operations to single-branch ground force supremacy
Explanation: In 1985, the Enlarged Meeting of the Central Military Commission under Deng Xiaoping effected a strategic shift (战略性转变) in the guiding ideology of army building: transitioning from the long-standing posture of preparing for 'an early war, a major war, and a nuclear war' (早打、大打、打核战争) to the track of peacetime building centered on modernization and quality enhancement.
9In 1985, Deng Xiaoping announced a major force reduction of how many troops to streamline the PLA into an elite, modernized force?
A.200,000 troops
B.500,000 troops
C.1,000,000 troops
D.3,000,000 troops
Explanation: In June 1985, Deng Xiaoping announced that the Chinese government decided to reduce the PLA by one million troops (百万大裁军). This landmark military reform streamlined overlapping command structures, merged military regions, reduced non-combat personnel, and focused national resources on improving equipment, training, and the quality of officer education.
10Deng Xiaoping summarized the overall objective of PLA development in the new period as building a powerful, modern, and regularized:
A.Expeditionary combat fleet
B.Revolutionary army (革命化、现代化、正规化革命军队)
C.Autonomous automated drone corps
D.Mercenary defense auxiliary system
Explanation: Deng Xiaoping established that the general goal of army building is to build a powerful, modernized, and regularized revolutionary army (建设强大的现代化正规化革命军队). 'Revolutionary' (革命化) guarantees political loyalty to the Party, 'Modernized' (现代化) ensures advanced weapons and doctrine, and 'Regularized' (正规化) ensures strict discipline, standardized training, and unified regulations.

About the Junkao Military & Political Knowledge Exam

Military and Political Knowledge Comprehensive is one of the named cultural subjects in the current soldier military-academy examination. Official testing is in standard written Chinese. This independent English-language MCQ bank helps review concepts and terminology; it is not an official translation, current-paper replica, or substitute for Chinese-language study and any non-MCQ work on the official form.

Exam sponsor: Central Military Commission training and military academy admissions authorities. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Written comprehensive paper covering military and political knowledge; detailed current blueprint and authorized materials are provided through the military examination system.

Time Limit

150 minutes in the published 2023 schedule; verify the current annual notice.

Passing Score

Competitive composite selection; no standalone permanent public pass mark.

Exam / Certification Fees

No public individual fee schedule located for this internal military selection.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

not-published

Military Knowledge

Military theory, history, organization, regulations, training, and related knowledge within the authorized scope.

not-published

Political Knowledge

Political theory, history, citizenship, law, ethics, and current-policy concepts within the authorized scope.

Preparing for the Junkao Military & Political Knowledge Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Competitive composite selection; no standalone permanent public pass mark.
  • Assessment: Written comprehensive paper covering military and political knowledge; detailed current blueprint and authorized materials are provided through the military examination system.
  • Time limit: 150 minutes in the published 2023 schedule; verify the current annual notice.
  • Exam / certification fees: No public individual fee schedule located for this internal military selection. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Junkao Military & Political Knowledge: Suggested Study Strategy

1Use the current authorized materials distributed through military channels.
2Keep Chinese terminology notes for every concept.
3Do not infer live-form weights from this practice bank.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this a standalone public certification?

No. It is a subject in the internal competitive selection of serving soldiers for military-academy education.

What language is official?

The official paper is in standard written Chinese; this bank is an English study adaptation.

Is there a fixed public pass mark?

No standalone permanent pass mark was located; selection uses current military rules and composite results.