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General Provisions, Organization & Jurisdiction (Art. 1–68 SchKG)

Cantonal organization of debt collection and bankruptcy offices (Art. 1–3), state liability and official responsibility (Art. 5), supervision and supervisory authorities (untere und obere Aufsichtsbehörden, Art. 13–16), supervisory complaints procedure (Beschwerdeverfahren Art. 17–21: 10-day deadline, grounds of statutory violation and inappropriate discretion, nullity of official acts ex officio Art. 22), recusal of officials (Ausstand Art. 10), jurisdiction and debt enforcement venue (Betreibungsort Art. 46–55: natural persons, legal entities, estate enforcement, special venues), calculation and compliance with statutory time limits (Fristenberechnung Art. 31–34), closed periods and debt enforcement holidays (Betreibungspausen & Betreibungsferien Art. 56–63: closed times, 7 days before/after Easter and Christmas, August 1–15, legal consequences of service during holidays Art. 63), and notification/service rules (Zustellung Art. 64–66).

Enforcement by Saisie / Ordinary Debt Collection (Art. 69–115 SchKG)

Introductory procedure: Debt collection request (Betreibungsbegehren Art. 67–68), order to pay (Zahlungsbefehl Art. 69–73), notice of objection (Rechtsvorschlag Art. 74–78: unconditional, partial, reasoning in special cases), lifting of objection (Rechtsöffnung): definitive debt-clearing (definitive Rechtsöffnung Art. 80–81 based on enforceable court judgments and public deeds) and provisional debt-clearing (provisorische Rechtsöffnung Art. 82–83 based on authenticated or signed written acknowledgment of debt / Schuldanerkennung), ordinary civil action for debt recognition (Anerkennungsklage Art. 79) and action for negative declaration (Aberkennungsklage Art. 83 Abs. 2); Continuation request (Fortsetzungsbegehren Art. 88); Seizure procedure (Pfändung): notice of seizure (Pfändungsankündigung Art. 89–90), debtor's disclosure obligations and criminal sanctions (Art. 91, Art. 323 StGB), completely unseizable assets (unpfändbare Kompetenzstücke Art. 92), conditionally seizable assets (beschränkt pfändbare Vermögenswerte Art. 93: earnings, pensions, salary seizure for maximum 1 year), calculation of the debt enforcement subsistence minimum (betreibungsrechtliches Existenzminimum based on SKBF / Konferenz der Betreibungs- und Konkursbeamten der Schweiz guidelines: base amounts, housing costs, health insurance, work-related expenses, child allowances, spouse contribution), third-party claims and claim dispute proceedings (Widerspruchsverfahren Art. 106–109: debtor/creditor role distribution), protective provisional measures (Sicherungsmassregeln Art. 98–105).

Realization & Distribution of Assets (Art. 116–150 SchKG)

Request for realization (Verwertungsbegehren Art. 116–121: time limits for movable property 1 month to 1 year, for immovable property 6 months to 2 years), realization of movable goods and receivables (Verwertung von Fahrnis und Forderungen Art. 122–132: public auction, advance notice, minimum bidding rule, private sale / Freihandverkauf Art. 130, assignment of disputed claims Art. 131), realization of immovable property / real estate (Grundstückverwertung Art. 133–143b: conditions of sale / Steigerungsbedingungen, load schedule / Lastenverzeichnis, double auction call / Doppelaufruf Art. 142 for unconsented servitudes/easements, clearing of mortgages, transfer of ownership), distribution of proceeds (Verteilung Art. 144–145), schedule of claims and ranking (Kollokationsplan Art. 146–148: First class privileged claims including employee wage claims and family maintenance, Second class social security and pension claims, Third class ordinary unsecured claims, challenge to schedule / Kollokationsklage Art. 148 within 20 days), certificate of unpaid debts / certificate of loss in seizure (Pfändungsverlustschein Art. 149–150: legal effects, 20-year prescription, non-accrual of interest against debtor, privilege of unannounced seizure within 6 months, rights in subsequent bankruptcy).

Special Enforcement Tracks, Arrest & Clawback (Art. 151–158, 177–189, 271–292 SchKG)

Debt enforcement for realization of pledges (Betreibung auf Pfandverwertung Art. 151–158: movable pledge Faustpfand, real estate mortgage Grundpfand, pledge order to pay, pledge realization notice, pledge loss certificate / Pfandausfallschein Art. 158 and its distinct status from Pfändungsverlustschein); Bill of exchange enforcement (Wechselbetreibung / Wechselkonkurs Art. 177–189: shortened 5-day payment/objection periods, direct bankruptcy risk); Landlord's right of retention (Retentionsrecht Art. 283–284: drawing of retention inventory / Retentionsverzeichnis by debt collection office); Freezing orders / Attachment (Arrestverfahren Art. 271–281: statutory arrest grounds under Art. 271 including debtor having no fixed domicile, flight risk, hiding assets, passing through, non-resident debtor with validated debt certificate or assets, arrest order by court, execution of arrest by Betreibungsamt Art. 275, arrest objection / Arrest-Einsprache Art. 278 within 10 days, validation of arrest / Arrestprosequierung Art. 279 within 10 days); Revocatory action / Clawback (Anfechtungsklage Art. 285–292: standing of loss certificate holders and bankruptcy administration, avoidance of gratuitous transactions / Schenkungsanfechtung Art. 286 within 1 year, avoidance of overindebted preference / Überschuldungsanfechtung Art. 287 within 1 year, intentional fraudulent avoidance / Absichtsanfechtung Art. 288 within 5 years, legal consequences Art. 291).

Bankruptcy, Liquidation & Composition (Art. 166–270, 293–336 SchKG)

Capacity of debtors to be declared bankrupt (Konkursfähigkeit Art. 39: commercial register entries, sole proprietorships, partnerships, AG/GmbH, associations/foundations, post-deregistration 6-month window Art. 40); Opening of bankruptcy (Konkurseröffnung Art. 166–194: ordinary bankruptcy track after payment order and continuation request Art. 166–176, bankruptcy without prior debt collection / Konkurs ohne Vorpfändung Art. 190 upon creditor request for cessation of payments / Zahlungseinstellung, flight, fraudulent acts, and upon debtor's declaration of insolvency / Selbsteröffnung / Insolvenzerklärung Art. 191); Legal effects of bankruptcy opening (Konkurswirkungen Art. 197–214: formation of bankruptcy estate / Konkursmasse, divestment of debtor's right of disposal, maturity of all debtor obligations Art. 208, cessation of interest accrual against estate Art. 209, set-off in bankruptcy / Verrechnung Art. 213–214, suspension of ongoing civil litigations Art. 207); Administration and liquidation: Inventory creation (Inventaraufnahme Art. 221–229), decisions on liquidation mode (dismissal for lack of assets / Einstellung des Konkursverfahrens mangels Aktiven Art. 230, summary liquidation / summarisches Konkursverfahren Art. 231, ordinary liquidation / ordentliches Konkursverfahren Art. 232), creditor meetings (1st and 2nd Gläubigerversammlung), creditors' committee (Gläubigerausschuss), call to creditors (Schuldenruf Art. 232), claim verification and schedule of claims (Kollokationsplan und Kollokationsklage Art. 247–250), realization of estate assets, assignment of legal claims to creditors (Abtretung von Rechtsansprüchen Art. 260), final distribution and bankruptcy loss certificates (Konkursverlustschein Art. 265: defense of no new wealth / Einrede des mangelnden neuen Vermögens), closure of bankruptcy (Konkursschluss Art. 268); Composition proceedings (Nachlassverfahren Art. 293–336: provisional debt restructuring moratorium / provisorische Nachlassstundung Art. 293–293d, definitive moratorium / definitive Nachlassstundung Art. 294–299, administrator / Sachwalter appointment and duties, dividend composition / ordentlicher Nachlassvertrag, assignment-of-assets composition / Nachlassvertrag mit Vermögensabtretung / Liquidationsvergleich Art. 317–331, emergency debt restructuring moratorium for SMEs / Notstundung).