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Secondary School Certificate (SSC) Examination (Bangladesh)

Practice Questions100 questions

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Key Facts: HSC Bangladesh Exam

The Bangladesh HSC is a Grade 12 national examination assessing students via Creative Questions (CQ), MCQs, and Practicals across Science, Business Studies, and Humanities. Passing requires 33% in each component, with GPA 5.0 serving as the benchmark for university and medical college entrance.

Sample HSC Bangladesh Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your HSC Bangladesh exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1If two vectors are given by A = 2i + 3j - k and B = 3i - 2j + c k, what value of the scalar constant c makes vector A perpendicular to vector B?

A.c = 0

B.c = 1

C.c = -1

D.c = 6

Explanation: Two vectors are perpendicular (orthogonal) when their scalar (dot) product equals zero: A · B = (2)(3) + (3)(-2) + (-1)(c) = 6 - 6 - c = 0. Solving 6 - 6 - c = 0 yields -c = 0, which means c = 0. Therefore, the two vectors are perpendicular if and only if c = 0.

2In vector calculus applied to fluid dynamics and electromagnetic theory, a vector field V is defined as solenoidal if which of the following conditions is satisfied?

A.∇ · V = 0 (Divergence of V is zero)

B.∇ × V = 0 (Curl of V is zero)

C.∇ V = 0 (Gradient of V is zero)

D.∇² V = 0 (Laplacian of V is zero)

Explanation: A vector field V is defined as solenoidal (incompressible) when its divergence is zero throughout the field, represented as ∇ · V = 0 (div V = 0). This indicates that there are no net sources or sinks of flux within any enclosed volume. If the curl of a vector field is zero (∇ × V = 0), the field is called irrotational (conservative), not solenoidal.

3A rifle of mass M fires a bullet of mass m horizontally with a muzzle velocity v. According to the law of conservation of linear momentum, what is the recoil velocity V of the rifle?

A.V = - (m * v) / M

B.V = + (M * v) / m

C.V = - (M * m) / v

D.V = - sqrt(m * v / M)

Explanation: Before firing, the total initial momentum of the rifle-bullet system is zero. By the law of conservation of linear momentum, initial momentum equals final momentum: 0 = M * V + m * v. Solving for the recoil velocity of the rifle gives V = - (m * v) / M, where the negative sign indicates that the rifle recoils in the direction opposite to the bullet's motion.

4What is the moment of inertia (I) of a uniform solid circular disc of mass M and radius R about an axis passing through its center and perpendicular to its plane?

A.I = (1/2) * M * R²

B.I = M * R²

C.I = (2/5) * M * R²

D.I = (1/4) * M * R²

Explanation: For a uniform thin circular disc of mass M and radius R, the mass is distributed continuously over the area. Integrating the elemental rings r dm from r = 0 to R yields I = (1/2) * M * R² about the central perpendicular axis. By contrast, I = M * R² is the moment of inertia for a thin circular hoop or ring.

5A curved circular road track has a radius of curvature r. For a vehicle traveling at speed v, what is the ideal angle of banking (θ) required so that no lateral frictional force is needed between tires and road?

A.tan θ = v² / (r * g)

B.tan θ = (r * g) / v²

C.sin θ = v / (r * g)

D.cos θ = v² / (r * g)

Explanation: When a road is banked at an angle θ, the horizontal component of the normal reaction force provides the required centripetal force: N sin θ = (m v²) / r. The vertical component balances the vehicle's weight: N cos θ = m g. Dividing the two equations yields tan θ = v² / (r * g), which represents the ideal banking angle.

6An ideal massless spring with spring constant k is compressed by a displacement x from its equilibrium position. What is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring?

A.U = (1/2) * k * x²

B.U = k * x

C.U = (1/2) * k * x

D.U = k * x²

Explanation: According to Hooke's Law, the restoring force of a spring is F = -k * x. The work done in compressing or stretching the spring from 0 to x against this restoring force is W = ∫ (k * x) dx = (1/2) * k * x². This work is stored entirely as elastic potential energy U = (1/2) * k * x².

7If the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the Earth is g, what is the acceleration due to gravity (g_d) at a depth d below the Earth's surface (where R is the Earth's radius)?

A.g_d = g * (1 - d / R)

B.g_d = g * (1 + d / R)

C.g_d = g * (1 - 2d / R)

D.g_d = g * (R / (R + d))²

Explanation: At depth d below the Earth's surface, only the inner sphere of radius (R - d) exerts a net gravitational force on an object. The mass of this inner sphere is M' = M * (R - d)³ / R³. Substituting into Newton's law of gravitation gives g_d = G * M' / (R - d)² = (G * M / R²) * (1 - d / R) = g * (1 - d / R).

8What is the formula for the escape velocity (v_e) of an object projected from the surface of a planet of mass M and radius R?

A.v_e = sqrt((2 * G * M) / R)

B.v_e = sqrt((G * M) / R)

C.v_e = (2 * G * M) / R

D.v_e = sqrt((G * M) / (2 * R))

Explanation: Escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for an object to escape a planet's gravitational field without further propulsion. Setting the total mechanical energy (kinetic + gravitational potential) to zero gives (1/2) * m * v_e² - (G * M * m) / R = 0. Solving for v_e yields v_e = sqrt((2 * G * M) / R) = sqrt(2 * g * R), which is approximately 11.2 km/s for Earth.

9The time period of a simple pendulum on Earth is T. If the effective length of the pendulum is increased to 4 times its original length, what will be its new time period?

A.2T

B.4T

C.T / 2

D.T / 4

Explanation: The time period of a simple pendulum executing small oscillations is given by T = 2π * sqrt(L / g). The time period is directly proportional to the square root of its length: T ∝ sqrt(L). When the length becomes L' = 4L, the new time period is T' = 2π * sqrt(4L / g) = 2 * (2π * sqrt(L / g)) = 2T.

10In a stationary (standing) wave formed by two identical interfering progressive waves of wavelength λ, what is the spatial distance between two consecutive nodes?

A.λ / 2

B.λ

C.λ / 4

D.2λ

Explanation: In a stationary wave, nodes are points of zero amplitude and antinodes are points of maximum amplitude. The distance between two consecutive nodes (or two consecutive antinodes) is always λ / 2. The distance between an adjacent node and antinode is λ / 4.

About the HSC Bangladesh Exam

The Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) examination is the definitive Grade 12 terminal secondary qualification in Bangladesh. Conducted by the nine regional Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (Dhaka, Rajshahi, Chattogram, Jashore, Cumilla, Barishal, Sylhet, Dinajpur, Mymensingh) under the national NCTB curriculum, the examination tests students in specialized academic streams: Science, Business Studies, and Humanities. HSC results serve as the primary gateway determining admission eligibility for public universities (DU, RU, CU, JU), engineering universities (BUET, RUET, CUET, KUET, BUTEX), medical colleges (DGHS/BMDC), and the GST cluster. The official question papers are set in Bangla (with English for the English papers) by the Education Boards; this bank is an English-language study aid, not the official papers.

Assessment

The Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) is administered annually across Bangladesh by nine regional General Education Boards, the Madrasah Board (Alim), and the Technical Board (BTEB). Subject papers comprise Creative Questions (CQ: 50-70 marks), Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ: 25-30 marks), and Practical examinations (25 marks for lab sciences and ICT). Students must pass CQ, MCQ, and Practical sections independently with at least 33% in each component.

Time Limit

3 hours per subject paper (25-30 minutes for MCQ, 2 hours 30-35 minutes for Creative Questions).

Passing Score

33% (Grade D / GPA 1.0) in each component separately; GPA 5.0 (A+) is the benchmark for competitive university and medical college admissions.

Exam Fee

BDT 2,000–3,000 per candidate depending on academic group (Science, Business Studies, Humanities) and practical lab fees. (Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) & Ministry of Education, Bangladesh)

HSC Bangladesh Exam Content Outline

30%

Physical Sciences (Physics & Chemistry)

Vector analysis, Newtonian mechanics, work-power-energy, gravitation, SHM, waves, thermodynamics, electrostatics, current electricity, optics, atomic structure, periodic properties, chemical bonding, quantitative chemistry, equilibrium, and fundamental organic reaction mechanisms.

25%

Higher Mathematics

Matrix algebra and determinants, straight lines, circles, trigonometric identities and inverse circular functions, limit and differential calculus, definite and indefinite integral calculus, complex numbers, polynomials, conic sections, statics (Lami's theorem), and dynamics (projectiles and motion).

20%

Biological Sciences

Cell structure and organelle functions, mitosis and meiosis (crossing over), plant physiology (photosynthesis, cellular respiration, transpiration), Mendelian genetics, DNA replication/transcription, genetic engineering (recombinant DNA, PCR), animal diversity, and human organ system physiology.

15%

Language & ICT

Advanced English grammar (modifiers, conditionals, sentence connectors, vocabulary in context) and ICT concepts (binary/octal/hex conversions, logic gates, Boolean simplification, HTML web structure, C programming variables and control loops, and database management systems).

10%

Commerce & Social Sciences

Core principles of financial accounting, double-entry bookkeeping, bank reconciliation, management functions (planning, organizing, controlling), price elasticity of demand, market equilibrium, macroeconomic GDP concepts, and constitution and good governance in Bangladesh.

How to Pass the HSC Bangladesh Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 33% (Grade D / GPA 1.0) in each component separately; GPA 5.0 (A+) is the benchmark for competitive university and medical college admissions.
Assessment: The Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) is administered annually across Bangladesh by nine regional General Education Boards, the Madrasah Board (Alim), and the Technical Board (BTEB). Subject papers comprise Creative Questions (CQ: 50-70 marks), Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ: 25-30 marks), and Practical examinations (25 marks for lab sciences and ICT). Students must pass CQ, MCQ, and Practical sections independently with at least 33% in each component.
Time limit: 3 hours per subject paper (25-30 minutes for MCQ, 2 hours 30-35 minutes for Creative Questions).
Exam fee: BDT 2,000–3,000 per candidate depending on academic group (Science, Business Studies, Humanities) and practical lab fees.

Keys to Passing

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
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HSC Bangladesh Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master the NCTB textbook theory thoroughly; both Creative Questions (CQ) and MCQs are strictly rooted in core NCTB concepts and diagrams.

2In Science and Mathematics, practice step-by-step mathematical problem solving and memorize key SI units, dimensional formulas, and standard constants.

3Solve previous 5–10 years of board question papers from all regional boards (Dhaka, Rajshahi, Chattogram, etc.) to identify high-yield recurring problem patterns.

4Practice strict time management for the MCQ section: aiming for less than 45–50 seconds per MCQ leaves time to review ambiguous items.

5For English and ICT, build solid grammatical accuracy (modifiers, conditionals, connectors) and practice C programming traces and logic gate truth tables.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the format of the HSC examination in Bangladesh?

Each major HSC subject paper is evaluated out of 100 marks. For subjects without practicals, the paper consists of 30 MCQ marks (30 questions in 30 minutes) and 70 Creative Question (CQ) marks (answer 7 out of 11 questions in 2 hours 30 minutes). For subjects with practicals (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, ICT, etc.), the paper consists of 25 MCQ marks (25 minutes), 50 CQ marks (answer 5 out of 8 questions in 2 hours 35 minutes), and 25 Practical lab marks.

What are the passing criteria for the Bangladesh HSC examination?

Candidates must achieve at least 33% marks (Grade D / GPA 1.0) in the Creative Question (CQ), Multiple Choice Question (MCQ), and Practical components independently. Failing any individual component results in an overall fail grade ('F') for that subject paper.

How is the HSC GPA calculated in Bangladesh?

HSC results are awarded on a 5.00 GPA scale. Subject marks correspond to letter grades: 80-100% (A+, GP 5.0), 70-79% (A, GP 4.0), 60-69% (A-, GP 3.5), 50-59% (B, GP 3.0), 40-49% (C, GP 2.0), 33-39% (D, GP 1.0), and 0-32% (F, GP 0.0). The overall GPA is the average grade point across compulsory and elective subjects, plus bonus points from the optional 4th subject.

Why is the HSC exam critical for higher education in Bangladesh?

HSC results are the primary prerequisite for undergraduate admissions in Bangladesh. High GPA benchmarks (often GPA 5.0 in both SSC and HSC) and high individual marks in Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, and English are required to sit the admission tests for BUET, government Medical Colleges, Dhaka University, and other public university clusters.

Which education boards conduct the HSC examination in Bangladesh?

The examination is conducted synchronously across 11 national education boards: nine general BISE boards (Dhaka, Rajshahi, Chattogram, Jashore, Cumilla, Barishal, Sylhet, Dinajpur, Mymensingh), the Bangladesh Madrasah Education Board (Alim examination), and the Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB - HSC Vocational/BM).