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100+ Free SANC Foreign Nurse Exam Practice Questions
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Under the South African Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, a competent adult woman who requests a termination during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy may do so:
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Sample SANC Foreign Nurse Exam Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to test your SANC Foreign Nurse Exam exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1A registered nurse on a medical ward assesses a patient admitted with severe diarrhoea for 3 days. The patient has a dry tongue, sunken eyes, reduced skin turgor and a postural drop in blood pressure. Which nursing diagnosis is the highest priority?
A.Deficient fluid volume related to excessive gastrointestinal losses
B.Impaired skin integrity related to frequent stools
C.Knowledge deficit related to dietary management
D.Anxiety related to hospitalisation
Explanation: Dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes, poor skin turgor and postural hypotension are classic signs of dehydration. Deficient fluid volume is life-threatening and takes priority, addressed with oral rehydration solution or IV fluids per the South African Standard Treatment Guidelines.
2A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is found unconscious. The nurse measures a capillary blood glucose of 2.1 mmol/L. According to South African emergency management, what is the most appropriate immediate intervention for this unconscious, hypoglycaemic patient?
A.Give a sugary drink by mouth immediately
B.Wait and recheck the glucose in 30 minutes
C.Administer intravenous dextrose (for example 40-50 mL of 50% dextrose) or IM glucagon
D.Administer the patient's usual dose of insulin
Explanation: A blood glucose of 2.1 mmol/L with loss of consciousness is severe hypoglycaemia. An unconscious patient cannot safely swallow, so IV dextrose (or IM glucagon if no IV access) is the correct emergency treatment to restore glucose and protect the brain.
3When measuring blood pressure with a manual sphygmomanometer, using a cuff that is too small (too narrow) for the patient's arm will most likely cause the reading to be:
A.Falsely low
B.Falsely high
C.Unaffected by cuff size
D.Impossible to obtain
Explanation: A cuff that is too narrow requires more pressure to occlude the artery, producing a falsely high blood pressure reading. Correct cuff selection (bladder width about 40% of arm circumference) is essential for accurate measurement.
4A patient newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis is started on the standard South African first-line regimen. Which combination of drugs forms the intensive phase of treatment for drug-susceptible TB?
A.Rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol
B.Rifampicin and isoniazid only
C.Streptomycin and ethambutol only
D.Bedaquiline, linezolid and clofazimine
Explanation: South Africa follows the WHO-aligned regimen: the 2-month intensive phase for drug-susceptible TB uses fixed-dose rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol (RHZE), followed by a continuation phase of rifampicin and isoniazid.
5A nurse is caring for a patient who has just returned from theatre after abdominal surgery. The patient is drowsy and lying supine. To maintain a patent airway in this immediate post-anaesthetic period, the nurse should:
A.Position the patient in the lateral (recovery) position if not contraindicated
B.Sit the patient fully upright immediately
C.Place a firm pillow under the head to flex the neck forward
D.Encourage the patient to talk continuously
Explanation: The lateral or recovery position allows the tongue to fall forward and secretions or vomitus to drain from the mouth, preventing airway obstruction and aspiration in a drowsy post-anaesthetic patient.
6A patient is admitted with acute left ventricular failure and pulmonary oedema. The patient is severely dyspnoeic, has pink frothy sputum and crackles to the mid-zones. Which nursing position will most help relieve the breathlessness?
A.Upright sitting position with legs dependent (orthopnoeic)
B.Flat supine with one pillow
C.Left lateral recovery position
D.Trendelenburg (head down) position
Explanation: Sitting upright with legs dependent reduces venous return and pulmonary congestion, lowers the work of breathing and improves lung expansion. This position is combined with oxygen, diuretics and other medical management.
7Which of the following is the single most effective measure for preventing healthcare-associated infection in a nursing ward?
A.Wearing gloves at all times
B.Hand hygiene before and after patient contact
C.Routine use of prophylactic antibiotics
D.Daily disinfection of all floors
Explanation: Hand hygiene, performed at the WHO 'five moments', is the cornerstone of infection prevention and control and the most effective single intervention to break the chain of transmission in healthcare settings.
8A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum potassium of 6.8 mmol/L and peaked T waves on the ECG. Which finding represents the greatest immediate danger requiring urgent intervention?
A.Mild muscle weakness
B.Increased urine output
C.Risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia
D.Nausea
Explanation: Severe hyperkalaemia destabilises cardiac membranes and can cause ventricular fibrillation or asystole. Peaked T waves are an early ECG sign; urgent treatment (for example calcium gluconate, insulin-dextrose, salbutamol) is required to protect the heart.
9A patient with a long leg plaster cast complains of severe, increasing pain not relieved by analgesia, with numbness and pallor of the toes. The nurse should suspect:
A.Normal post-application discomfort
B.Simple anxiety
C.An allergic reaction to the cast material
D.Compartment syndrome
Explanation: Severe pain out of proportion to injury, unrelieved by analgesia, with pallor, paraesthesia and pulselessness suggests compartment syndrome, a surgical emergency. The nurse must report immediately and prepare for cast splitting or fasciotomy.
10A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal site. The main advantage of the ventrogluteal site over the dorsogluteal site is that it:
A.Allows larger volumes up to 10 mL
B.Avoids major nerves and blood vessels, improving safety
C.Requires no aspiration before injection
D.Is the only site suitable for children
Explanation: The ventrogluteal site is bounded by bony landmarks and is free of major nerves and large vessels, making it one of the safest IM sites and reducing the risk of sciatic nerve injury associated with the dorsogluteal site.
About the SANC Foreign Nurse Exam Practice Questions
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