Career upgrade: Learn practical AI skills for better jobs and higher pay.
Level up
All Practice Exams

100+ Free Surgery Shelf Practice Questions

Pass your NBME Clinical Science Subject Examination in Surgery exam on the first try — instant access, no signup required.

✓ No registration✓ No credit card✓ No hidden fees✓ Start practicing immediately
100+ Questions
100% Free
1 / 100
Question 1
Score: 0/0

A 68-year-old man has painless jaundice, dark urine, weight loss, and a palpable nontender gallbladder. CT shows a mass in the pancreatic head without metastases. What is the most appropriate potentially curative treatment?

A
B
C
D
to track
Same family resources

Explore More NBME Medical School Assessments

Continue into nearby exams from the same family. Each card keeps practice questions, study guides, flashcards, videos, and articles in one place.

2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Surgery Shelf Exam

110

Official Exam Items

NBME Timing Chart

2h45m

Official Testing Time

NBME Timing Chart

20%-25%

GI System Weight

NBME Surgery Outline

50%-60%

Diagnosis Task Weight

NBME Surgery Outline

30%-35%

Management Task Weight

NBME Surgery Outline

100

Practice Questions Here

Open Exam Prep

The official NBME Surgery Subject Exam is a 110-item, 2 hour 45 minute proctored exam. NBME's current public outline lists gastrointestinal disease as the largest system band (20%-25%), with cardiovascular (10%-15%) and respiratory (8%-12%) also prominent. Diagnosis accounts for 50%-60% of physician tasks and pharmacotherapy/intervention/management for 30%-35%.

Sample Surgery Shelf Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Surgery Shelf exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 24-year-old man is brought after a high-speed motor vehicle collision. He is moaning, has blood in the oropharynx, and withdraws to pain. Pulse is 122/min, blood pressure is 104/70 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation is 88% despite a nonrebreather mask. What is the next best step?
A.CT scan of the head
B.Rapid sequence intubation with cervical spine stabilization
C.Focused abdominal sonography for trauma
D.Lateral cervical spine radiograph
Explanation: Airway with cervical spine protection is the first priority in the trauma primary survey. Depressed mental status, blood in the airway, and hypoxemia require immediate definitive airway control.
2A 31-year-old man has a gunshot wound to the abdomen. He is confused, pulse is 138/min, blood pressure is 78/42 mm Hg, and the abdomen is rigid. Two large-bore IVs are placed and blood is requested. What is the most appropriate next step?
A.Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
B.CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
C.Immediate exploratory laparotomy
D.Serial abdominal examinations
Explanation: Hemodynamic instability with penetrating abdominal trauma and peritonitis is an indication for immediate laparotomy after resuscitation is initiated.
3A 22-year-old man is stabbed in the right chest. He is severely dyspneic with distended neck veins, tracheal deviation to the left, absent right breath sounds, and blood pressure of 82/50 mm Hg. What is the immediate treatment?
A.Portable chest radiograph
B.Pericardiocentesis
C.Needle or finger thoracostomy
D.Tube thoracostomy after CT confirmation
Explanation: Tension pneumothorax is a clinical diagnosis. Immediate decompression is required, followed by tube thoracostomy.
4A 67-year-old man has multiple left rib fractures after a fall. A segment of chest wall moves inward during inspiration. He is alert but increasingly tachypneic, and oxygen saturation is 89% on high-flow oxygen. Chest x-ray shows pulmonary contusion. What is the best next step?
A.Tight circumferential chest binding
B.Early ventilatory support and aggressive analgesia
C.Immediate thoracotomy
D.Discharge with oral pain medication
Explanation: Flail chest with hypoxemia is usually due to underlying pulmonary contusion. Management is pain control, pulmonary hygiene, and ventilatory support when respiratory failure develops.
5A 19-year-old woman has left upper quadrant pain after a bicycle crash. Blood pressure is 118/74 mm Hg after 1 L crystalloid, pulse is 94/min, and CT shows a contained splenic laceration without contrast extravasation. What is the preferred management?
A.Immediate splenectomy
B.Nonoperative management with observation
C.Discharge from the emergency department
D.Diagnostic laparoscopy
Explanation: Hemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury and no ongoing bleeding are usually treated nonoperatively with monitoring and serial examinations.
6A 43-year-old man is hypotensive after a motorcycle crash. He has right upper quadrant tenderness and a positive FAST examination. After transfusion is started, blood pressure remains 76/44 mm Hg. What is the best next step?
A.CT angiography of the abdomen
B.Interventional radiology embolization
C.Immediate exploratory laparotomy
D.Observation in the surgical ICU
Explanation: Persistent instability with a positive FAST after blunt trauma indicates intraperitoneal hemorrhage requiring immediate operative exploration.
7A 35-year-old man has a pelvic fracture after being crushed by a forklift. A pelvic binder is applied. He remains hypotensive after balanced transfusion; FAST is negative. What is the most appropriate next intervention?
A.Remove the binder to examine pelvic stability
B.Pelvic angiography with embolization
C.Diagnostic laparoscopy
D.Delayed outpatient orthopedic fixation
Explanation: Persistent shock with pelvic fracture and negative FAST suggests pelvic arterial bleeding. Pelvic stabilization, transfusion, and angioembolization are key management steps.
8A restrained driver decelerates rapidly in a collision. He has chest pain and a widened mediastinum on chest x-ray but is hemodynamically stable. Which study is most appropriate to evaluate the suspected injury?
A.CT angiography of the chest
B.Transesophageal echocardiography as the only test
C.Ventilation-perfusion scan
D.Immediate sternotomy without imaging
Explanation: Blunt thoracic aortic injury is suggested by rapid deceleration and widened mediastinum. Stable patients should undergo CT angiography of the chest.
9A 28-year-old man falls from a roof and has complete loss of motor function below the umbilicus. During transfer after initial stabilization, his mean arterial pressure falls to 55 mm Hg. Which intervention best helps prevent secondary spinal cord injury?
A.High-dose methylprednisolone
B.Norepinephrine to maintain spinal cord perfusion if hypotensive
C.Mannitol for all spinal cord injuries
D.Therapeutic heparin
Explanation: Spinal cord injury management emphasizes immobilization, urgent imaging, decompression when indicated, and avoidance of hypotension and hypoxia. Vasopressors such as norepinephrine are used when needed to maintain cord perfusion.
10A 70-kg man has deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns over the anterior trunk and both anterior legs after a house fire. Using the Parkland formula, approximately how much lactated Ringer solution should he receive in the first 8 hours from the burn?
A.2.5 L
B.5.0 L
C.10.1 L
D.14.4 L
Explanation: The burned area is 18% anterior trunk plus 18% anterior legs, or 36% TBSA. Parkland resuscitation is 4 mL x kg x %TBSA in 24 hours; half is given in the first 8 hours: 4 x 70 x 36 / 2 = 5040 mL.

About the Surgery Shelf Exam

The NBME Surgery Clinical Science Subject Exam is commonly used at the end of a medical school surgery clerkship. The public NBME outline emphasizes gastrointestinal disease, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, trauma and multisystem processes, breast, endocrine, renal/GU, musculoskeletal overlap, diagnosis, diagnostic testing, management, and perioperative decision-making.

Questions

110 scored questions

Time Limit

2 hours, 45 minutes

Passing Score

School-defined; NBME provides scaled scores and norms

Exam Fee

Institution-dependent (National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME))

Surgery Shelf Exam Content Outline

20%-25%

Gastrointestinal System

Appendicitis, biliary disease, pancreatitis, obstruction, perforation, diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, anorectal disease, hernias, upper and lower GI bleeding, and operative indications.

10%-15%

Cardiovascular and Vascular

Peripheral artery disease, acute limb ischemia, AAA, carotid stenosis, venous disease, vascular trauma, mesenteric ischemia, and perioperative cardiac risk.

8%-12%

Respiratory and Thoracic

Pneumothorax, hemothorax, flail chest, pulmonary embolism, postoperative atelectasis and pneumonia, thoracic trauma, and chest tube management.

5%-10%

Trauma, Critical Care, and Multisystem

ATLS priorities, shock, massive transfusion, solid-organ injury, pelvic fracture, burns, sepsis, fluids, electrolytes, and ICU complications.

3%-7% each where listed by NBME

Breast, Endocrine, Renal/GU, and Musculoskeletal

Breast cancer workup, thyroid nodules, parathyroid disease, adrenal tumors, urinary tract emergencies, compartment syndrome, open fractures, and septic joints.

Task mix: diagnosis 50%-60%, management 30%-35%

Clinical Reasoning Tasks

Most questions require the next best diagnostic step, immediate stabilization priority, operative versus nonoperative management, or recognition of postoperative complications.

How to Pass the Surgery Shelf Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: School-defined; NBME provides scaled scores and norms
  • Exam length: 110 questions
  • Time limit: 2 hours, 45 minutes
  • Exam fee: Institution-dependent

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Surgery Shelf Study Tips from Top Performers

1Practice trauma and acute abdomen questions as next-step decisions: unstable patients need resuscitation and immediate intervention before definitive imaging.
2Know biliary disease distinctions: biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, ascending cholangitis, and gallstone pancreatitis each have different next steps.
3Review postoperative complication timing: atelectasis early, pneumonia and UTI after the first days, anastomotic leak or abscess later, and PE or DVT whenever risk and symptoms fit.
4Tie fluid and electrolyte questions to the clinical context: gastric losses cause hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis; renal failure and tissue injury can cause hyperkalemia; sepsis requires source control.
5For breast, endocrine, vascular, urology, and orthopedics overlap, focus on initial workup and urgent management rather than rare operative details.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on the official NBME Surgery shelf exam?

The NBME Subject Exam Timing Chart lists the Surgery Clinical Science Subject Exam as 110 items with a 2 hour, 45 minute testing time. This site's practice bank contains 100 original practice questions.

What topics are most important for the Surgery shelf?

NBME's public outline lists the gastrointestinal system as the largest band at 20%-25%. Cardiovascular, respiratory, trauma/multisystem processes, perioperative care, breast, endocrine, renal/GU, and musculoskeletal overlap are also tested.

Is the Surgery shelf only operative general surgery?

No. The exam heavily tests clinical diagnosis, triage, stabilization, and management. Students should know trauma priorities, acute abdomen, preoperative and postoperative care, fluids and electrolytes, vascular disease, breast, endocrine, and common orthopedic and urologic emergencies.

Who sets the passing score?

NBME provides equated scores and normative feedback, but medical schools determine how the score is used for clerkship grading, honors cutoffs, remediation, and retakes.

How should I use this qbank?

Work in timed mixed blocks, then review every explanation. For missed questions, identify whether the error was diagnosis, immediate stabilization, test selection, operative indication, or postoperative complication timing.