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Exam Review

Key Facts: MDCAT Exam

The PMDC MDCAT consists of 180 multiple-choice questions completed in 3 hours (PM&DC).

MDCAT subject weightage is Biology 45%, Chemistry 25%, Physics 20%, English 5%, and Logical Reasoning 5% (PM&DC).

The MDCAT applies no negative marking, so unanswered questions simply score zero (PM&DC).

Candidates need at least 55% for MBBS admission and 50% for BDS admission (PM&DC).

PMDC confirmed on 19 May 2026 that the MDCAT 2026 syllabus is identical to the 2025 curriculum.

The MDCAT question pool is built as roughly 15% easy, 70% moderate, and 15% difficult (PM&DC).

The MDCAT is a paper-based exam answered on an OMR (Optical Mark Recognition) sheet with no online component.

MDCAT content follows the national FSc Pre-Medical (intermediate) curriculum across five subjects.

The MDCAT is Pakistan's national MBBS/BDS entry test: 180 MCQs in 3 hours, weighted Biology 45%, Chemistry 25%, Physics 20%, English 5%, and Logical Reasoning 5%, with no negative marking.

Sample MDCAT Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the MDCAT exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 115+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In the MDCAT biology syllabus, viruses are classified as acellular life chiefly because they:
A.Possess ribosomes but no cell membrane
B.Contain both DNA and RNA simultaneously
C.Have a true nucleus but no cytoplasm
D.Lack a cellular structure and cannot reproduce without a host cell
Explanation: Viruses are classified as acellular because they have no cellular machinery of their own; they consist of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA, not both) enclosed in a protein coat and can only replicate inside a living host cell. This obligate intracellular dependence is why they sit outside the conventional cell-based classification.
2HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, primarily targets and destroys which type of cell in the human immune system?
A.Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
B.Osteoclasts
C.Platelets (thrombocytes)
D.Helper T-lymphocytes (CD4+ cells)
Explanation: HIV is a retrovirus that infects and progressively destroys helper T-lymphocytes (CD4+ cells), which coordinate the immune response. As CD4 counts fall, the body loses its ability to fight infections, leading to AIDS. This is a key MDCAT fact under Acellular Life.
3During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split in a process that directly produces:
A.Glucose and carbon dioxide
B.Starch and water
C.Oxygen, protons, and electrons
D.Pyruvate and lactic acid
Explanation: Photolysis of water in the light-dependent stage splits H2O into oxygen (released as a by-product), protons (H+), and electrons that replace those lost by photosystem II. The released electrons and protons drive ATP and NADPH formation. Glucose is made later in the light-independent (Calvin) cycle.
4The biologically important property of water that allows it to act as a temperature buffer in living organisms is its:
A.Low density as a solid
B.Low surface tension
C.Inability to act as a solvent
D.High specific heat capacity
Explanation: Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning a large amount of heat energy is needed to raise its temperature. This property buffers organisms against rapid temperature changes and helps maintain stable internal conditions, a point emphasised in the Biological Molecules unit.
5Which of the following is a disaccharide formed from glucose and fructose?
A.Lactose
B.Maltose
C.Sucrose
D.Cellulose
Explanation: Sucrose (cane sugar) is a disaccharide produced by joining one glucose and one fructose unit through a glycosidic bond. It is the common table sugar and is listed under oligosaccharides in the MDCAT Biological Molecules unit.
6The monomers that join together to form proteins are:
A.Monosaccharides
B.Nucleotides
C.Fatty acids
D.Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The sequence and folding of amino acid chains determine a protein's structure and function. This is a foundational fact in the Biological Molecules unit.
7Which cell organelle is correctly matched with its primary function?
A.Ribosomes - protein synthesis
B.Golgi apparatus - ATP production
C.Mitochondria - protein synthesis
D.Lysosomes - photosynthesis
Explanation: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains. The MDCAT Cell Structure unit requires matching organelles to functions. Mitochondria make ATP, the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages products, and lysosomes carry out intracellular digestion.
8A key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that prokaryotic cells:
A.Contain a membrane-bound nucleus
B.Lack membrane-bound organelles
C.Are always multicellular
D.Possess mitochondria and chloroplasts
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells lack a true membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; their genetic material lies free in the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells, by contrast, contain a defined nucleus and organelles such as mitochondria. This comparison is required by the MDCAT Cell Structure unit.
9Chromosomes are composed mainly of:
A.DNA and protein (histones)
B.RNA and lipids
C.Carbohydrates and water
D.Only protein
Explanation: Chromosomes consist of DNA wound around histone proteins to form chromatin. The DNA carries genetic information while histones provide structural support and help regulate gene expression. This chemical composition is specified in the MDCAT Cell Structure unit.
10In a reflex arc, the correct sequence of information flow is:
A.Effector to receptor to sensory neuron
B.Motor neuron to receptor to brain
C.Effector to motor neuron to receptor
D.Receptor to sensory neuron to interneuron to motor neuron to effector
Explanation: A reflex arc carries an impulse from a receptor along a sensory (afferent) neuron, through an interneuron in the spinal cord, then along a motor (efferent) neuron to an effector such as a muscle or gland. This rapid, involuntary pathway is central to the Coordination and Control unit.

About the MDCAT Exam

The MDCAT is the mandatory national admission test for entry into MBBS and BDS programs at public and private medical and dental colleges across Pakistan. Administered under the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC) framework with provincial conducting universities, the official exam consists of 180 single-best-answer MCQs to be completed in 3 hours on an OMR answer sheet. The uniform curriculum weights Biology at 45% (81 MCQs), Chemistry at 25% (45), Physics at 20% (36), English at 5% (9), and Logical Reasoning at 5% (9). Content follows the FSc Pre-Medical (intermediate) curriculum with an emphasis on conceptual understanding and critical thinking. There is no negative marking, and candidates must score at least 55% for medical and 50% for dental admission.

Exam sponsor: Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC), with provincial conducting bodies such as UHS Punjab and ETEA/KMU. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Questions

100 questions

Time Limit

3 hours (180 minutes) for the official 180-MCQ paper

Passing Score

55% for MBBS admission, 50% for BDS admission; no negative marking

Exam / Certification Fees

Set by the provincial conducting university; typically around PKR 6,000-8,000 (varies by province and year)

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

45%

Biology

Acellular life, bioenergetics, biological molecules, cell structure, coordination and control, enzymes, evolution, reproduction, support and movement, homeostasis, genetics, and biotechnology.

25%

Chemistry

Mole concept, atomic structure, gases, thermochemistry, equilibrium, electrochemistry, reaction kinetics, chemical bonding, periodicity, and organic and industrial chemistry.

20%

Physics

Vectors, force and motion, work and energy, circular motion, waves, thermodynamics, electrostatics, current electricity, electromagnetism, electronics, and modern/nuclear physics.

5%

English

Grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension at intermediate level.

5%

Logical Reasoning

Syllogisms, number series, pattern recognition, and coding-decoding.

Preparing for the MDCAT Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 55% for MBBS admission, 50% for BDS admission; no negative marking
  • Exam length: 100 questions
  • Time limit: 3 hours (180 minutes) for the official 180-MCQ paper
  • Exam / certification fees: Set by the provincial conducting university; typically around PKR 6,000-8,000 (varies by province and year) Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 115 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

MDCAT: Suggested Study Strategy

1Spend study time proportional to the weightage: Biology is 45% of the paper, so master it first, then Chemistry and Physics.
2Use the official PMDC uniform curriculum as your checklist and practice chapter-wise MCQs for every listed learning outcome.
3Because there is no negative marking, never leave a question blank; make an educated guess on anything you are unsure of.
4Take full-length timed mock tests to build stamina for 180 MCQs in 3 hours and to improve OMR-sheet speed and accuracy.
5Memorise key formulas (kinematics, work-energy, Ohm's law, wave equation) and core biology diagrams, since the exam tests application of FSc-level concepts.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on the MDCAT and how long is it?

The official PMDC MDCAT has 180 single-best-answer multiple-choice questions to be completed in 3 hours (180 minutes), answered on an OMR sheet.

What is the subject weightage of the MDCAT 2026?

Biology carries 45% (81 MCQs), Chemistry 25% (45), Physics 20% (36), English 5% (9), and Logical Reasoning 5% (9). PMDC confirmed in 2026 that the syllabus is unchanged from 2025.

Is there negative marking on the MDCAT?

No. The MDCAT does not apply negative marking, so candidates should attempt every question.

What score do I need to pass the MDCAT?

A minimum of 55% marks is required for admission to medical (MBBS) colleges and 50% for dental (BDS) colleges. Final admission also depends on merit and seat availability.

Who administers and conducts the MDCAT?

The MDCAT is regulated by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC) on a uniform national curriculum and conducted by provincial bodies such as UHS Punjab and ETEA/KMU in KPK.