100+ Free LAW-GAT Practice Questions

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: LAW-GAT Exam

100

MCQ Questions

HEC Guidelines

2 hours

Exam Time Limit

HEC/ETC

50%

Passing Marks

Pakistan Bar Council

Maximum Attempts

PBC Rules

Rs. 3,000

Challan Fee

HEC ETC Portal

QSO 1984

Law of Evidence

Qanoon-e-Shahadat

The Pakistan LAW-GAT is a 100-question, 2-hour test administered by the HEC. LLB graduates must score at least 50% to enroll as advocates with provincial Bar Councils, with a maximum of 5 attempts allowed. The syllabus covers the Constitution (20%), CPC (20%), Criminal Law (20%), Law of Evidence (20%), Jurisprudence (10%), and Professional Ethics (10%).

Sample LAW-GAT Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your LAW-GAT exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In the landmark case of Maulvi Tamiz-ud-Din Khan v. Federation of Pakistan, what was the primary legal issue decided by the Federal Court of Pakistan?

A.The validity of the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly by the Governor-General

B.The separation of the judiciary from the executive branch of government

C.The constitutional validity of land reform legislation in East Pakistan

D.The declaration of martial law as a valid legal order under the doctrine of necessity

Explanation: In the Maulvi Tamiz-ud-Din Khan case (1955), the Federal Court of Pakistan, led by Chief Justice Muhammad Munir, ruled on the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly by Governor-General Ghulam Muhammad. The Court held that the Governor-General's assent was required for all legislation passed by the Constituent Assembly, thereby reversing the Sindh Chief Court's decision. This ruling laid the groundwork for the controversial 'doctrine of necessity' in Pakistan's constitutional history.

2Which legal theory or concept did Chief Justice Muhammad Munir rely upon in the State v. Dosso case (1958) to validate the military coup of Iskander Mirza?

A.Hans Kelsen's theory of revolutionary change of legal order

B.John Austin's command theory of absolute sovereignty

C.Albert Venn Dicey's concept of the rule of law

D.Salmond's theory of primary and secondary legislation

Explanation: In the State v. Dosso case (1958), the Supreme Court of Pakistan validated the military coup and the abrogation of the 1956 Constitution. Chief Justice Muhammad Munir relied on Hans Kelsen's positivist theory, arguing that a successful revolution constitutes a law-creating fact. Under Kelsen's theory, once the old legal order (Grundnorm) is successfully replaced, the new order becomes the sole law-creating source.

3In the case of Asma Jilani v. Government of the Punjab (1972), how did the Supreme Court characterize the martial law regime of General Yahya Khan?

A.It declared General Yahya Khan to be a usurper and his regime illegal

B.It validated the regime under the continuous doctrine of necessity

C.It held that the regime was a valid de facto government protected by estoppel

D.It ruled that military commanders have inherent powers to govern during civil unrest

Explanation: In Asma Jilani v. Government of Punjab, the Supreme Court of Pakistan overturned its previous decision in State v. Dosso and declared General Yahya Khan's assumption of power and martial law to be illegal and unconstitutional. The Court characterized Yahya Khan as a 'usurper' whose acts were void ab initio. This case represents a major shift where the judiciary rejected Kelsen's theory as a justification for military coups.

4What was the Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Begum Nusrat Bhutto v. Chief of Army Staff (1977) regarding General Zia-ul-Haq's takeover?

A.It validated the takeover under the doctrine of state necessity as a temporary deviation

B.It declared the takeover to be an act of high treason under Article 6 of the Constitution

C.It ruled that the military takeover was justified by Kelsen's theory of revolution

D.It ordered immediate elections within 30 days under judicial supervision

Explanation: In Begum Nusrat Bhutto v. Chief of Army Staff, the Supreme Court of Pakistan validated the military coup led by General Zia-ul-Haq under the doctrine of state necessity. The Court ruled that the extra-constitutional step was justified by the political crisis and breakdown of law and order following the 1977 elections. However, the Court characterized it as a temporary deviation and emphasized that the 1973 Constitution remained the supreme law.

5In the landmark Al-Jehad Trust v. Federation of Pakistan (1996) case, also known as the Judges Case, what did the Supreme Court hold regarding the power of judicial appointments?

A.The consultation with the Chief Justice of Pakistan must be consensus-oriented, meaningful, and binding

B.The President has absolute and unfettered discretion to appoint any qualified person as a judge

C.All appointments to the High Court must be approved by a parliamentary committee first

D.The senior-most judge of a High Court has no automatic right to be appointed as Chief Justice

Explanation: In the Al-Jehad Trust case, the Supreme Court held that the process of 'consultation' with the Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) and Chief Justices of the High Courts for judicial appointments must be meaningful, participatory, and consensus-oriented. The Court ruled that the advice of the CJP is binding on the executive unless there are sound, record-backed reasons to deviate. This significantly reduced executive discretion in judicial appointments.

6Under Article 4 of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, what is the inalienable right of every citizen?

A.To be dealt with in accordance with law

B.To receive free public education up to the age of eighteen

C.To be provided with employment by the State

D.To vote in all local, provincial, and national elections

Explanation: Article 4 of the Constitution of Pakistan guarantees that it is the inalienable right of every citizen, wherever he may be, and of every other person for the time being within Pakistan, to enjoy the protection of law and to be treated in accordance with law. This article acts as the foundational sub-clause for the rule of law and due process in Pakistan.

7According to Article 8 of the 1973 Constitution, what is the status of laws that are inconsistent with or in derogation of Fundamental Rights?

A.They shall be void to the extent of such inconsistency

B.They remain valid until repealed by a two-thirds majority in Parliament

C.They are suspended temporarily but can be enforced during emergency periods

D.They must be referred to the Council of Islamic Ideology for amendment

Explanation: Article 8(1) of the Constitution of Pakistan declares that any law, or any custom or usage having the force of law, in so far as it is inconsistent with the rights conferred by Chapter 1 (Fundamental Rights), shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void. Article 8(2) explicitly prohibits the State from making any law that takes away or abridges these rights.

8Article 9 of the 1973 Constitution guarantees that no person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with:

A.Law

B.The discretion of the Executive

C.The orders of a Military Court

D.The rules of natural justice

Explanation: Article 9 of the Constitution of Pakistan states: 'No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law.' This is a concise yet powerful guarantee of personal liberty, prohibiting unlawful detention, arbitrary arrests, and extrajudicial actions.

9Under Article 12 of the 1973 Constitution, protection is provided against retrospective punishment. Which of the following is prohibited by this article?

A.Punishing a person for an act that was not punishable at the time it was committed

B.Imposing a lesser penalty than the one prescribed at the time of the offence

C.Prosecuting a person twice for the same offence (double jeopardy)

D.Detaining a suspect for more than 24 hours without magistrate approval

Explanation: Article 12 protects citizens against retrospective punishment. It states that no law shall authorize the punishment of a person for an act or omission that was not punishable at the time of the act or omission, nor can a law impose a penalty greater than or of a different kind from the penalty prescribed at the time the offence was committed.

10Which of the following is NOT a ground for imposing reasonable restrictions on the Freedom of Speech under Article 19 of the 1973 Constitution?

A.Criticism of government economic policies

B.The interest of the glory of Islam

C.The integrity, security, or defense of Pakistan

D.Public order, decency, or morality

Explanation: Article 19 guarantees freedom of speech and expression, and freedom of the press, but subjects it to reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the glory of Islam, the integrity, security or defense of Pakistan, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, commission of or incitement to an offence. Criticism of economic policies is a legitimate political expression and is not a valid ground for restriction.

About the LAW-GAT Exam

The Law Graduate Assessment Test (LAW-GAT) is a mandatory examination conducted by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for LLB graduates. Passing this test is a pre-requisite for enrollment as an Advocate with any provincial Bar Council (such as Punjab, Sindh, KPK, or Balochistan Bar Councils). The exam tests foundational understanding across civil procedure, criminal law, evidence, the constitution, jurisprudence, and professional ethics.

Assessment

100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs)

Time Limit

2 hours

Passing Score

50% (50 out of 100 marks)

Exam Fee

Rs. 3,000 (Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan / Pakistan Bar Council (PBC))

LAW-GAT Exam Content Outline

20%

Constitutional Law

Constitutional History of Pakistan (landmark cases), Constitution of Pakistan 1973 (Fundamental Rights, Parliament, Judicature), UN Charter, and International Court of Justice (ICJ).

20%

Civil Procedure Code (CPC)

Preamble to Section 12, Sections 15–20, 47, 75, 96, 104, 115, 151; Orders 1, 6–9, 39, 41, and 43.

20%

Criminal Law (PPC & CrPC)

Pakistan Penal Code Chapters 2, 4 (Exceptions), 16 (Body), 16-A, and 17 (Property); Criminal Procedure Code Chapters 1, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 31, and 39.

20%

Law of Evidence (Qanoon-e-Shahadat)

Full text of the Qanoon-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, including competence of witnesses, relevancy of facts, oral and documentary evidence, and burden of proof.

10%

Jurisprudence

English Jurisprudence (Salmond's Jurisprudence) and Islamic Jurisprudence (Nyazee's Islamic Jurisprudence).

10%

Professional Ethics

Canons of Professional Conduct and Etiquette of Advocates (Rules 134–175B of the Pakistan Legal Practitioners and Bar Councils Rules, 1976).

How to Pass the LAW-GAT Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 50% (50 out of 100 marks)
Assessment: 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs)
Time limit: 2 hours
Exam fee: Rs. 3,000

Keys to Passing

Complete 500+ practice questions
Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
Focus on highest-weighted sections
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

LAW-GAT Study Tips from Top Performers

1Read the Bare Acts directly for CPC, PPC, CrPC, and QSO; questions are highly textual and refer to specific sections/Articles.

2Understand the key legal principles of landmark cases in Pakistan's constitutional history (such as Maulvi Tamiz-ud-Din, Dosso, and Asma Jilani).

3Pay special attention to the Qanoon-e-Shahadat Order (Evidence) as it represents a large block of 20 marks and is highly systematic.

4Memorize the Rules in Chapter XII (Rules 134-175B) of the Bar Council Rules 1976 for Professional Ethics, which is a high-scoring 10-mark section.

5For Jurisprudence, focus on standard concepts of possession, ownership, rights, and sources of Islamic law (Quran, Sunnah, Ijma, Qiyas).

6Practice mock tests to manage your time, as you have to answer 100 questions in 120 minutes.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the LAW-GAT in Pakistan?

The Law Graduate Assessment Test (LAW-GAT) is a mandatory test conducted by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan under the direction of the Pakistan Bar Council (PBC). Law graduates must pass this test to be eligible for license/enrollment as an Advocate with any provincial Bar Council.

What is the passing score for the LAW-GAT?

The passing score for the LAW-GAT is 50% (50 marks out of 100). There is no negative marking on the test, so candidates should attempt all 100 questions.

How many times can I attempt the LAW-GAT?

A candidate is allowed a maximum of five (5) attempts to clear the LAW-GAT, according to HEC and Pakistan Bar Council regulations.

What is the fee for registration?

The registration fee for the LAW-GAT is Rs. 3,000 PKR, which is submitted via a bank challan or online payment (1Bill) as generated during online registration at the HEC/ETC portal.

What is the syllabus of LAW-GAT?

The syllabus includes Civil Procedure Code (20%), Criminal Law - PPC & CrPC (20%), Law of Evidence - QSO (20%), Constitution & Int. Law (20%), Jurisprudence (10%), and Professional Ethics - Bar Rules (10%).

How long is the LAW-GAT certificate valid?

The LAW-GAT passing certificate has lifetime validity, enabling the holder to proceed with bar enrollment and lower court practice.