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Exam Review

Key Facts: CMOT Ortopedia Exam

27 Feb 2027

LXVIII cognitive certification exam

CMOT convocatoria

MXN 5,000

Registration fee (non-refundable)

CMOT convocatoria

MXN 2,500

Second-round (segunda vuelta) fee

CMOT convocatoria

Apr 2027

Next convocatoria (June 2027 cognitive exam)

CMOT convocatoria

4-year logbook

Residency bitácora and surgery summary required

CMOT convocatoria

The CMOT certification is the CONACEM-recognized board process for orthopedics and traumatology in Mexico. The LXVIII cognitive exam is on 27 February 2027 (fee MXN 5,000; second round MXN 2,500), and the next convocatoria opens in April 2027 for a June 2027 exam.

Sample CMOT Ortopedia Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the CMOT Ortopedia exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 28-year-old cyclist presents after a fall onto his shoulder. Radiographs reveal a completely displaced midshaft clavicle fracture with 2.5 cm of shortening and severe cortical comminution. Which of the following is considered an evidence-based indication for operative plate fixation rather than nonoperative sling immobilization?
A.Shortening greater than 2 cm with complete displacement in an active patient
B.Presence of any midshaft fracture regardless of cortical contact or displacement
C.Patient age between 20 and 35 years as an isolated independent criterion
D.Dominant upper extremity involvement without radiographic shortening
Explanation: Operative fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures is indicated for shortening > 2 cm, 100% cortical displacement with lack of bony contact, severe comminution, tenting of the skin threatening open conversion, or associated neurovascular compromise. Multiple randomized trials show lower nonunion rates and improved early functional scores with operative fixation in these displaced, shortened fractures compared to nonoperative care.
2According to the Neer classification of distal clavicle fractures, which fracture type is characterized by disruption of the coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments attached to the medial fragment, resulting in marked instability and high nonunion rates requiring surgical reconstruction?
A.Neer Type I
B.Neer Type II
C.Neer Type III
D.Neer Type IV
Explanation: Neer Type II distal clavicle fractures occur medial to the acromioclavicular joint, with detachment or disruption of the coracoclavicular ligaments from the medial fragment. The trapezoid remains attached distally, while the proximal clavicle is pulled superiorly by the trapezius. This mechanical instability leads to nonunion rates of 25% to 35% with nonoperative care, making open reduction and internal fixation/CC ligament reconstruction the standard approach.
3In the Neer classification system for proximal humerus fractures, what specific criteria define an individual segment as a displaced 'part'?
A.Displacement greater than 0.5 cm or angulation greater than 30 degrees
B.Displacement greater than 2.0 cm or angulation greater than 60 degrees
C.Displacement greater than 1.0 cm or angulation greater than 45 degrees
D.Any visible cortical fracture line regardless of distance or tilt
Explanation: Neer's classification defines four major anatomic segments (greater tuberosity, lesser tuberosity, humeral head/articular surface, and humeral shaft). A segment is considered a distinct 'part' only when displaced by more than 1 cm (or > 5 mm for the greater tuberosity in modern practice) or angulated by more than 45 degrees relative to adjacent segments.
4When assessing the risk of avascular necrosis (AVN) in complex proximal humerus fractures, which vascular structure gives rise to the anterolateral ascending branch (arcuate artery of Laing) that enters the bicipital groove to supply the humeral head?
A.Posterior circumflex humeral artery
B.Deep brachial artery (profunda brachii)
C.Suprascapular artery
D.Anterior circumflex humeral artery
Explanation: The anterior circumflex humeral artery (ACHA) gives off the anterolateral ascending artery, which ascends along the bicipital groove and enters the bone as the arcuate artery of Laing to perfuse the humeral head. Although recent microvascular studies highlight the substantial role of the posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) in head perfusion, the ascending branch of the ACHA remains the classic anatomic landmark whose disruption at the calcar height < 8 mm increases osteonecrosis risk (Hertel criteria).
5A 79-year-old female with osteoporosis presents with an unreconstructible, severely comminuted 4-part proximal humerus fracture with head split and tuberosity resorption. Which surgical treatment provides the most predictable pain relief and active forward elevation without relying on anatomic tuberosity healing?
A.Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
B.Hemiarthroplasty with heavy nonabsorbable suture cerclage
C.Open reduction and internal fixation with a proximal humeral locking plate
D.Closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation
Explanation: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has become the gold-standard operative treatment for complex 4-part fractures and head-splitting fractures in elderly, osteoporotic patients. By medializing and distalizing the center of rotation, rTSA recruits the deltoid muscle as the primary elevator, rendering functional elevation independent of rotator cuff and greater tuberosity healing, which frequently fails in hemiarthroplasty.
6A 25-year-old male sustains a closed midshaft humerus fracture following a motor vehicle collision. On physical examination, he has wrist drop and loss of sensation over the first dorsal web space. Radial pulses are intact. What is the standard initial management of this nerve deficit?
A.Immediate surgical exploration and open neurolysis within 24 hours
B.Observation in a functional Sarmiento brace, as >85% resolve spontaneously
C.Urgent electromyography and nerve conduction studies on day 1 post-injury
D.Tendon transfers of pronator teres to extensor carpi radialis brevis within 1 week
Explanation: Primary radial nerve palsy associated with closed humeral shaft fractures represents neuropraxia or axonotmesis in over 85% to 90% of cases and resolves spontaneously within 3 to 6 months. Initial treatment consists of fracture immobilization (such as coaptation splint transitioning to a functional Sarmiento brace) and supportive cock-up wrist splinting. Surgical exploration is reserved for open fractures, secondary palsies developing after manipulation, or lack of recovery after 3-4 months with EMG confirmation.
7Which specific fracture pattern of the distal third of the humeral shaft is notoriously associated with radial nerve entrapment as the nerve pierces the lateral intermuscular septum?
A.Kocher-Lorenz fracture
B.Hahn-Steinthal fracture
C.Holstein-Lewis fracture
D.Essex-Lopresti fracture
Explanation: A Holstein-Lewis fracture is a spiral or oblique fracture of the distal third of the humeral shaft. Because the radial nerve pierces the lateral intermuscular septum to enter the anterior compartment approximately 10 cm proximal to the radiocapitellar joint, it has reduced mobility and is prone to entrapment or laceration between the displaced distal bony fragments.
8Which of the following scenarios represents an absolute indication for operative stabilization of an acute humeral shaft fracture?
A.Transverse fracture with 15 degrees of anterior angulation in a non-compliant patient
B.Oblique midshaft fracture with 2 cm of shortening in an elderly sedentary individual
C.Closed fracture with an isolated primary neuropraxia of the radial nerve
D.Humeral shaft fracture associated with an ipsilateral brachial artery laceration
Explanation: Absolute indications for surgical fixation of humeral shaft fractures include open fractures, vascular injury requiring surgical repair (such as brachial artery laceration), polytrauma with multiple fractures, bilateral humeral fractures, 'floating elbow' (ipsilateral humerus and forearm fractures), and failed closed reduction exceeding acceptable alignment criteria (<20° anterior/posterior angulation, <30° varus/valgus, <3 cm shortening).
9Following closed reduction of an extra-articular distal radius fracture in an active 55-year-old patient, which combination of post-reduction radiographic parameters meets the criteria for an acceptable closed alignment?
A.Radial height 11 mm, radial inclination 20 degrees, and volar tilt 4 degrees
B.Radial height 4 mm, radial inclination 8 degrees, and dorsal tilt 25 degrees
C.Radial height 7 mm, radial inclination 10 degrees, and dorsal tilt 18 degrees
D.Radial height 3 mm, radial inclination 12 degrees, and intra-articular step-off 3 mm
Explanation: Standard acceptable criteria for distal radius reduction in active adults are: radial height >= 10-11 mm (shortening < 2-3 mm relative to contralateral side), radial inclination > 15-20 degrees, sagittal tilt between neutral and 11 degrees volar tilt (or < 10 degrees dorsal tilt), and articular step-off < 1-2 mm. Volar tilt of 4 degrees with 11 mm height and 20 degrees inclination is an anatomic, fully acceptable reduction.
10In the Frykman classification of distal radius fractures, which category corresponds to a fracture pattern that involves both the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joints along with an associated distal ulnar styloid fracture?
A.Frykman Type IV
B.Frykman Type VIII
C.Frykman Type VI
D.Frykman Type II
Explanation: The Frykman classification categorizes distal radius fractures based on intra-articular extension: odd numbers (I, III, V, VII) lack ulnar styloid fractures, while even numbers (II, IV, VI, VIII) include an ulnar styloid fracture. Types I/II are extra-articular; Types III/IV involve the radiocarpal joint; Types V/VI involve the distal radioulnar joint; and Types VII/VIII involve both radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joints. Thus, Type VIII involves both joints plus the distal ulna.

About the CMOT Ortopedia Exam

Independent study practice by OpenExamPrep for the certification exam of the Consejo Mexicano de Ortopedia y Traumatología, A.C. (CMOT), a CONACEM-recognized specialty council. The LXVIII cognitive exam is scheduled for 27 February 2027. This bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation built on standard orthopedic trauma, reconstruction, pediatric, spine and oncology principles; it is not an official translation or simulation of the Spanish-language CMOT exam, and it does not cover logbook review or any practical components.

Exam sponsor: Consejo Mexicano de Ortopedia y Traumatología, A.C. (CMOT). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The CMOT grants certification mainly through an annual theoretical-practical exam process whose cognitive (cognoscitivo) exam for the LXVIII cycle is on 27 February 2027; candidates also submit a 4-year residency logbook (bitácora) and surgery summary. Orthopedists with at least 20 years of continuous practice may instead apply for curricular certification. The council does not publish an item count, time limit, pass mark or topic weights.

Time Limit

Not published

Passing Score

not-published

Exam / Certification Fees

MXN 5,000 (first attempt) / MXN 2,500 (second round)

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

Weight not published

Traumatología del Miembro Superior

Clavicle fractures and operative indications, proximal humerus fractures (Neer classification, vascular anatomy), humeral shaft fractures and radial nerve neuropraxia, distal radius fractures (Frykman and Fernandez classifications, acceptable reduction criteria), scaphoid fractures (retrograde vascular supply, AVN risk), and perilunate/lunate dislocations

Weight not published

Traumatología del Miembro Inferior y Pelvis

Pelvic ring fractures (Young-Burgess, Tile), hemodynamic resuscitation and pelvic binder application, acetabular fractures (Judet-Letournel classification, Judet views), femoral neck and pertrochanteric fractures (Garden, Pauwels, Evans), femoral shaft and distal femur fractures, tibial plateau fractures (Schatzker classification), open fracture management (Gustilo-Anderson, emergency debridement, antibiotic regimens), and acute compartment syndrome (delta pressure, emergency fasciotomy)

Weight not published

Ortopedia Reconstructiva Articular y del Adulto

Total hip arthroplasty approaches (direct anterior, anterolateral, posterior), dislocation risk factors, periprosthetic joint infection (MSIS criteria, one-stage vs two-stage exchange), aseptic loosening (osteolysis, wear debris), total knee arthroplasty balancing and alignment, rotator cuff tear patterns and repair, reverse shoulder arthroplasty biomechanics, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (Ficat classification)

Weight not published

Ortopedia Pediátrica y Columna Vertebral

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (Barlow/Ortolani, Graf ultrasound, Pavlik harness, surgical reduction), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (Herring lateral pillar classification), slipped capital femoral epiphysis (in-situ fixation), clubfoot (Ponseti method protocol), adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (Cobb angle, Risser staging, bracing vs instrumentation), and spinal trauma (TLICS and SLIC classifications, incomplete spinal cord syndromes)

Weight not published

Tumores Musculoesqueléticos, Infecciones y Principios Básicos

Primary malignant bone tumors (osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma), benign and aggressive lesions (giant cell tumor of bone, osteoid osteoma), acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (microbiology, diagnostic imaging, surgical drainage), pediatric septic arthritis (Kocher criteria), and biomechanics of bone healing (primary vs secondary healing, strain theory)

Preparing for the CMOT Ortopedia Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: not-published
  • Assessment: The CMOT grants certification mainly through an annual theoretical-practical exam process whose cognitive (cognoscitivo) exam for the LXVIII cycle is on 27 February 2027; candidates also submit a 4-year residency logbook (bitácora) and surgery summary. Orthopedists with at least 20 years of continuous practice may instead apply for curricular certification. The council does not publish an item count, time limit, pass mark or topic weights.
  • Time limit: Not published
  • Exam / certification fees: MXN 5,000 (first attempt) / MXN 2,500 (second round) Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

CMOT Ortopedia: Suggested Study Strategy

1Master the standard orthopedic trauma classifications: Neer for proximal humerus, Frykman and Fernandez for distal radius, Young-Burgess and Tile for pelvis, Judet-Letournel for acetabulum, Garden and Pauwels for femoral neck, and Schatzker for tibial plateau.
2Know the emergency protocols by heart: open fracture antibiotic timing and Gustilo-Anderson classification, pelvic ring binder placement and angioembolization triggers, and compartment syndrome delta pressure calculation (diastolic BP minus compartment pressure < 30 mmHg) requiring prompt 2-incision 4-compartment fasciotomy.
3Review the 2018 ICM and EBJIS criteria for periprosthetic joint infection: major criteria (sinus tract; two positive cultures with the same organism) and minor criteria such as synovial WBC > 3,000 cells/µL and PMN > 80% in chronic infection, leukocyte esterase and alpha-defensin.
4Solidify pediatric orthopedic milestones and algorithms: Graf ultrasound grading and Pavlik harness management for DDH, Herring lateral pillar classification for Perthes disease, in-situ single screw fixation for SCFE, and Ponseti manipulation sequence for clubfoot.
5Review spinal injury algorithms (TLICS and SLIC scoring systems) and incomplete spinal cord injury patterns (Central cord, Brown-Séquard, and Anterior cord syndromes), as well as classic musculoskeletal tumor imaging signs (Codman triangle, sunburst pattern, onion-skin periostitis).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the CMOT certification exam?

It is the board certification process of the Consejo Mexicano de Ortopedia y Traumatología, A.C. (CMOT), one of the specialty councils recognized by CONACEM. Most orthopedists certify through the annual theoretical-practical exam; those with at least 20 years of continuous practice may apply for curricular certification.

When is the next CMOT certification exam?

The LXVIII certification cognitive exam is on 27 February 2027. Pre-registration closed on 11 September 2026, and registered candidates upload documents by surname block between 15 September and 20 November 2026. Candidates who missed pre-registration can apply in the next convocatoria in April 2027 for a June 2027 cognitive exam.

How much does it cost?

The registration fee is MXN 5,000, paid by deposit or transfer and not refundable. Second-round (segunda vuelta) candidates pay MXN 2,500 and upload documents between 11 and 22 January 2027.

What does the exam cover?

The CMOT does not publish topic weights. This practice bank covers upper and lower extremity and pelvic trauma, adult reconstruction, pediatric orthopedics and spine, and musculoskeletal tumors and infection.

Why is this practice bank in English?

The CMOT exam is conducted in Spanish. This OpenExamPrep bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation for reviewing the clinical content; it is not an official translation or simulation of the CMOT exam.