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Key Facts: Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Exam Exam

Two judges

Examine and approve each candidate

Cap. 12, Art. 87(e)

21 Mar & 26 Sep 2026

Written sessions

Office of the Chief Justice notice

1 year

Training at a practising advocate's office

Cap. 12, Art. 87(d)

€25,000

Maximum fine for practising without a warrant

Cap. 12, Art. 85(3)

€5,000

Small Claims Tribunal limit

Cap. 380, Art. 3(2)

Malta's legal procurators are warranted under Articles 85 to 88 of Cap. 12 after examination and approval by two judges; the Office of the Chief Justice holds the written sessions twice a year alongside the advocates' examination. Candidates need the legal procurator qualification, one year at a practising advocate's office, and a fit-and-proper recommendation. Our bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation covering judicial acts, service, warrants and the inferior courts.

Sample Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Exam Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Exam exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 66+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under Article 85(1) of the Code of Organization and Civil Procedure (Cap. 12), how is a person authorised to practise as a legal procurator in Malta?

A.By a certificate issued by the Chief Justice once the written and oral examinations are passed

B.By warrant of the President of Malta, on the Committee's recommendation

C.By enrolment in the roll kept by the Chamber of Advocates after the oath

D.By a licence issued by the Minister responsible for justice on the registrar's report

Explanation: Article 85(1) provides that no person may practise as a legal procurator without the authority of the President of Malta granted by warrant under the Public Seal, acting on the recommendation of the Committee for Advocates and Legal Procurators. Under Article 85(2), the Committee then registers the legal procurator in the Register it maintains.

2Which academic requirement does Article 87(c) of Cap. 12 set for the warrant of legal procurator?

A.A Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degree from the University of Malta, with no recognised foreign equivalent

B.Any university degree, followed by five years' employment in a court registry

C.Passing the Faculty of Law's examinations in the legal procurator course, or a comparable recognised qualification

D.No academic requirement, provided the candidate passes the warrant examination before two judges

Explanation: Article 87(c) requires approval by the examining board of the Faculty of Law, at a regular examination in the subjects of the course for legal procurators under University of Malta regulations, or a comparable degree from another competent authority under the principles of mutual recognition, after studying law in Malta or a Member State.

3What practical training does Article 87(d) of Cap. 12 require before a candidate may obtain the warrant of legal procurator?

A.At least one year's attendance at the office of a practising legal procurator and at the sittings of the superior courts

B.At least two years' continuous traineeship at a notary's office

C.Six months' attendance at the registry of the Civil Court

D.At least one year's attendance at the office of a practising advocate of the Bar of Malta, training in the practice of the profession

Explanation: Article 87(d) requires the candidate, after passing the Article 87(c) examination or from the start of the last academic year of the course, to have attended for not less than one year at the office of a practising advocate of the Bar of Malta and trained in the practice of the profession. Unlike the advocates' rule in Article 81(1)(e), it does not require attendance at superior court sittings.

4Under Article 87(e) of Cap. 12, who examines and approves a candidate for the warrant of legal procurator?

A.Two judges, who issue a certificate under their signature and seal

B.A board of three practising legal procurators

C.The Registrar of the Civil Courts and Tribunals

D.The Commission for the Administration of Justice sitting in full

Explanation: Article 87(e) requires the candidate to be examined and approved by two judges, who issue a certificate under their signature and seal attesting that the candidate has the qualifications in paragraphs (b) to (d) and is competent to practise as a legal procurator in the courts of Malta. The Office of the Chief Justice publishes the written-examination sessions.

5Under Article 86 of Cap. 12, before whom must a newly admitted legal procurator take the oath of allegiance and the oath of office before starting to practise?

A.The Chief Justice, in chambers

B.The Registrar of the Civil Courts and Tribunals

C.The Court of Appeal, in a public sitting

D.The Committee for Advocates and Legal Procurators

Explanation: Article 86 requires a person admitted as a legal procurator to take, before the Court of Appeal in a public sitting, the oath of allegiance and an oath of office to perform the duties of legal procurator faithfully and with all honesty and exactness. Article 80 lays down the equivalent oaths for advocates.

6A person without a warrant regularly files judicial acts for clients while holding himself out as a legal procurator. Under Article 85(3) of Cap. 12, what is he liable to on conviction?

A.A fine not exceeding €25,000, or imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both

B.A fine not exceeding €1,164.69 only

C.Imprisonment of not less than two years

D.An administrative warning from the Committee, with no criminal sanction

Explanation: Article 85(3) makes it an offence to practise as a legal procurator without the warrant required by Article 85(1), punishable on conviction by a fine (multa) not exceeding €25,000 or imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both. Article 79(3) sets the same penalties for advocates.

7Which provisions does Article 88 of Cap. 12 expressly apply to legal procurators?

A.Articles 79 and 81, on the advocates' warrant and the qualifications for obtaining it

B.Articles 83 and 84, on quota litis and disqualification

C.Articles 82 and 86, on the bargaining of fees and the oaths taken before the Court of Appeal

D.Articles 88A and 88B, on the registration of law firms and the names they may use

Explanation: Article 88 applies Articles 83 and 84 to legal procurators. Article 83 forbids any agreement or stipulation quotae litis, and Article 84 allows disqualification, on the recommendation of the Commission for the Administration of Justice, for grounds such as no longer being fit and proper or seriously failing anti-money-laundering obligations.

8A client offers a legal procurator one-quarter of whatever is recovered in a debt-collection case instead of fees. Why must the procurator refuse?

A.Because such agreements are lawful for advocates but not for legal procurators

B.Because the share offered exceeds the 20% ceiling on contingency fees set by Schedule A

C.Because such agreements must first be approved by the court registrar before the case is filed

D.Because quota litis agreements are prohibited by Articles 83 and 88 of Cap. 12

Explanation: Article 83 of Cap. 12 prohibits entering, directly or indirectly, into any agreement or stipulation quotae litis, and Article 88 applies that prohibition to legal procurators. A share of the proceeds of the litigation in place of fees is exactly such an agreement.

9Under Article 30 of Cap. 12, how are legal procurators regarded when they appear before the superior or inferior courts?

A.As officers of the court

B.As employees of the Court Services Agency

C.As agents of the client with no duties towards the court

D.As deputy registrars

Explanation: Article 30 deems advocates and legal procurators to be officers of the court when they appear before the superior or inferior courts. That status underpins their duty not to mislead the court and to conduct proceedings properly.

10Under Article 178 of Cap. 12, who must sign written pleadings and applications, whether sworn or not?

A.The party alone, whether or not counsel has been engaged

B.The advocate, and also the legal procurator, if any

C.The legal procurator alone, as the officer who files the act

D.The registrar, after checking that the fees have been paid

Explanation: Article 178 requires written pleadings and applications, sworn or not, to be signed by the advocate and also by the legal procurator, if any. Article 176(3) adds that the copies needed for service must be signed by the same persons as the original.

About the Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Exam Exam

The Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Examination is the examination by two judges required by Article 87(e) of the Code of Organization and Civil Procedure (Cap. 12) before the President of Malta grants the warrant to practise as a legal procurator under Article 85. The Office of the Chief Justice announced written sessions on 21 March and 26 September 2026, shared with the advocates' warrant examination. This page offers an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation of the procedural law legal procurators use, not an official translation or simulation of the examination.

Exam sponsor: Office of the Chief Justice (applications to the Registrar, Civil Courts and Tribunals). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Examination and approval by two judges (Cap. 12, Art. 87(e)); written-part sessions are held on the same dates as the advocates' warrant examination

Time Limit

Not published

Passing Score

Approval by two judges, who issue a certificate of competence (Cap. 12, Art. 87(e)); no numerical pass mark is published

Exam / Certification Fees

not-published

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

~33% of this local bank

Judicial Acts & Registry Practice

Signing (Art. 178) and filing rights (Art. 180), confirmation on oath, service under Article 187, protests and judicial letters, interruption of prescription, Article 166A, withdrawal, desertion and amendment of pleadings.

~24% of this local bank

Precautionary & Executive Warrants

The precautionary acts in Article 830, counter-warrants, the twenty-day rule, arrest of sea-going vessels, prohibitory injunctions, executive titles and their renewal, garnishee exemptions and the warrant in factum.

~24% of this local bank

Inferior Courts, Tribunals & Costs

Court of Magistrates jurisdiction, the Small Claims Tribunal (limit, adjudicator, equity, appeals, costs), answers and security on appeal, Schedule A tariffs, taxation of fees and legal aid.

~18% of this local bank

Profession & Ethics

Warrant and qualifications (Arts. 85–88), oaths, unauthorised practice, quota litis, the Register, officers of the court, fee prescription and incompatibility with the notarial profession.

Preparing for the Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Exam Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: Approval by two judges, who issue a certificate of competence (Cap. 12, Art. 87(e)); no numerical pass mark is published
Assessment: Examination and approval by two judges (Cap. 12, Art. 87(e)); written-part sessions are held on the same dates as the advocates' warrant examination
Time limit: Not published
Exam / certification fees: not-published Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

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Malta Legal Procurator Warrant Exam: Suggested Study Strategy

1Memorise the core time limits: twenty days for a sworn reply, thirty days to appeal and to answer an appeal, twenty days to sue after a precautionary warrant, and thirty days to oppose an Article 166A letter.

2Know who may sign and file which act, including the Article 180(2) limits on admissions, waivers and withdrawal of deposits.

3Learn the Small Claims Tribunal rules: the €5,000 limit, equity with prescription according to law, the twenty-day appeal and the €1,500 threshold for full appeals.

4Practise matching each enforcement problem to the right warrant, including the Article 381 and 382 limits on attaching salaries.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between an advocate and a legal procurator in Malta?

Both are warranted under Cap. 12 and are officers of the court when they appear before the courts (Article 30). Advocates are warranted under Articles 79 to 81; legal procurators under Articles 85 to 88, with their own qualification and one year's training at a practising advocate's office. Written pleadings are signed by the advocate and also by the legal procurator, if any (Article 178), and Article 180 lets a legal procurator file written pleadings, with limits for admissions and waivers.

What legislation governs the legal procurator's warrant?

Articles 85 to 88 of the Code of Organization and Civil Procedure (Cap. 12): Article 85 on the warrant and unauthorised practice, Article 86 on the oaths before the Court of Appeal, Article 87 on qualifications (including examination by two judges), and Article 88, which applies the quota litis and disqualification rules in Articles 83 and 84.

When is the examination held?

The Office of the Chief Justice announced written sessions on Saturday 21 March 2026 and Saturday 26 September 2026 for both the advocate and legal procurator warrants. Applications go to the Registrar, Civil Courts and Tribunals, with a police conduct certificate, identity card copy, an advocate's declaration under Article 87(d), a Faculty of Laws letter and proof of the fit-and-proper application.

What does this practice bank provide?

Independent practice by OpenExamPrep: an English-language MCQ study adaptation of the procedural and professional rules legal procurators apply. The official examination's detailed format and language arrangements are not published, so the bank is a study aid, not a simulation of the judges' examination.