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Free Practice Questions for Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam

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Key Facts: Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam Exam

100 items

Items per candidate, drawn at random from the HDC bank

Health Development Center candidate guide and sample tests

100 minutes

Time allowed for the computer-based test

Health Development Center hr.hdc.gov.mn candidate guide

70 points

Minimum score that gives the right to a licence

Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.8

12,000 MNT

Examination fee per sitting in 2026

Health Development Center 2026 registration notice

65% / 5% / 20% / 5% / 5%

General medicine, specialized medicine, public health, law and ethics split for new physician graduates

Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.4.1

6 credits

CPD credits (багц цаг) a physician must earn each year

Order A/295, Annex 1, §4.1

Mongolia's physician licensing examination is run by the Health Development Center on hr.hdc.gov.mn. HDC materials describe 100 randomly drawn items in 100 minutes; a score of 70 gives the right to a licence. Order A/295 weights the items 65% general specialty medicine, 5% specialized medicine, 20% public health, 5% law and 5% ethics. The exam is in Mongolian; this free bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation.

Sample Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 58-year-old male presents to the outpatient clinic with retrosternal crushing chest pain radiating to his left shoulder and jaw that began 45 minutes ago during physical exertion. An emergency 12-lead ECG reveals 2.5 mm ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, and aVF with reciprocal ST depression in leads I and aVL. Which coronary artery is most likely occluded?
A.Left anterior descending artery (LAD)
B.Left main coronary artery
C.Left circumflex artery (LCx)
D.Right coronary artery (RCA)
Explanation: ST-segment elevation in inferior leads II, III, and aVF signifies an acute inferior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In approximately 85% to 90% of individuals with right-dominant coronary circulation, the inferior myocardial wall and posterior descending artery are supplied by the right coronary artery (RCA).
2A 62-year-old female with a 10-year history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus presents with worsening exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and bilateral lower extremity pitting edema. Physical examination demonstrates an elevated jugular venous pressure (8 cm H2O) and a third heart sound (S3 gallop). Echocardiography reveals a left ventricular ejection fraction of 32%. Which initial pharmacologic regimen provides proven mortality benefit in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
A.Furosemide, digoxin, and amlodipine
B.Hydrochlorothiazide, losartan, and verapamil
C.Isosorbide mononitrate, diltiazem, and bumetanide
D.ACE inhibitor (or ARNI), beta-blocker (e.g., carvedilol), MRA (spironolactone), and SGLT2 inhibitor
Explanation: Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction consists of four foundational pillars proven to reduce cardiovascular mortality: an ARNI/ACE inhibitor, an evidence-based beta-blocker (carvedilol, metoprolol succinate, or bisoprolol), a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (spironolactone or eplerenone), and an SGLT2 inhibitor.
3A 45-year-old male with persistent essential hypertension on amlodipine 10 mg daily presents for a follow-up. Blood pressure remains elevated at 154/96 mmHg. Laboratory testing shows serum potassium of 3.1 mmol/L (reference: 3.5–5.0 mmol/L) with no history of diuretic therapy. Plasma aldosterone concentration is elevated, and plasma renin activity is suppressed, resulting in an aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) of 42. What is the most appropriate next diagnostic step?
A.Renal artery Doppler ultrasound to rule out fibromuscular dysplasia
B.24-hour urine collection for metanephrines
C.Immediate bilateral adrenalectomy
D.Confirmatory testing with oral sodium loading or saline infusion test
Explanation: A raised aldosterone-to-renin ratio with spontaneous hypokalemia and hypertension points to primary aldosteronism (Conn syndrome). Endocrine Society guidance is to confirm autonomous aldosterone secretion with a suppression test (oral sodium loading, saline infusion, fludrocortisone suppression or captopril challenge) before adrenal CT and adrenal venous sampling. The test may be skipped only when spontaneous hypokalemia, undetectable renin and plasma aldosterone above 20 ng/dL occur together.
4A 34-year-old female presents with palpitations, unintended weight loss of 6 kg over two months, heat intolerance, and frequent loose stools. Physical examination reveals fine resting hand tremors, a smooth, diffusely enlarged, non-tender thyroid gland with an audible systolic bruit, and mild bilateral proptosis. Serum TSH is <0.01 mIU/L and free T4 is 48 pmol/L (reference: 11.5–22.7 pmol/L). Which antibody is the primary pathogenic driver of this condition?
A.Anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) antibody
B.Anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibody
C.Thyrotropin receptor stimulating antibody (TRAb / TSI)
D.Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Explanation: Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder caused by autoantibodies directed against the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor (TRAb or TSI). These antibodies stimulate the TSH receptor, leading to unregulated synthesis and release of thyroid hormones, diffuse thyroid hyperplasia (goiter with vascular bruit), and orbitopathy.
5A 52-year-old male with a 30-pack-year smoking history presents with a 4-day history of high fever, rigors, right-sided pleuritic chest pain, and productive cough with rust-colored sputum. Auscultation reveals bronchial breath sounds and inspiratory crackles over the right lower lung field, with dullness to percussion. Chest radiography shows dense lobar consolidation in the right lower lobe. What is the most likely causative pathogen?
A.Streptococcus pneumoniae
B.Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C.Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D.Klebsiella pneumoniae
Explanation: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) remains the most common etiology of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia across all adult age groups. It classically presents with acute onset of high fever, rigors, pleuritic chest pain, rust-colored sputum (due to alveolar red blood cell extravasation), and focal lobar consolidation on chest X-ray.
6A 68-year-old male with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, GOLD stage IV) is admitted with an acute exacerbation. Arterial blood gas (ABG) on room air shows: pH 7.28, PaCO2 62 mmHg, PaO2 52 mmHg, and HCO3- 29 mmol/L. The patient is alert, responsive, and hemodynamically stable, but shows marked tachypnea (respiratory rate 28/min) and accessory muscle use. What is the most appropriate next step in ventilatory support?
A.Immediate endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation
B.Inhaled helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox)
C.High-flow 100% oxygen via a non-rebreather mask
D.Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV / BiPAP)
Explanation: Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV, such as BiPAP) is the first-line evidence-based ventilatory support for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in COPD exacerbations (pH 7.25–7.35, PaCO2 > 45 mmHg). It significantly reduces the work of breathing, intubation rates, hospital length of stay, and mortality compared to invasive mechanical ventilation.
7A 26-year-old female presents to the emergency department with a 12-hour history of periumbilical pain that has now shifted and localized to the right lower quadrant. She reports nausea, one episode of non-bilious vomiting, and anorexia. Vital signs: temperature 38.1°C, pulse 96 bpm, BP 118/74 mmHg. Abdominal examination shows tenderness at McBurney's point with guarding, positive Rovsing's sign, and positive psoas sign. Laboratory evaluation reveals a leukocyte count of 14,200/mcL with 82% neutrophils. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.Acute appendicitis
B.Acute diverticulitis
C.Meckel's diverticulitis
D.Acute mesenteric adenitis
Explanation: The clinical presentation of visceral periumbilical pain migrating to the right lower quadrant (somatic parietal peritoneal irritation at McBurney's point) along with anorexia ('hamburger sign'), low-grade fever, leukocytosis, and peritoneal signs (Rovsing's and psoas signs) is classic for acute appendicitis.
8A 48-year-old obese female presents with severe, sharp right upper quadrant abdominal pain that radiates to her right shoulder and scapula, starting 1 hour after eating a fatty meal. She has had several similar milder episodes over the past 6 months. Physical examination demonstrates marked tenderness in the right subcostal margin, where deep inspiration causes sudden arrest of breathing due to severe pain. Vital signs: temperature 38.4°C, HR 102 bpm. What is the physical examination sign described, and which condition does it classically indicate?
A.Cullen's sign; Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis
B.Grey Turner's sign; Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
C.Murphy's sign; Acute cholecystitis
D.Courvoisier's sign; Cholangiocarcinoma
Explanation: Murphy's sign is elicited by palpating below the right costal margin while the patient inhales deeply; inspiratory arrest from pain as the inflamed gallbladder descends onto the examiner's fingers is the classic bedside sign of acute cholecystitis. It supports the diagnosis but is not pathognomonic; ultrasound confirms it.
9A 55-year-old male with a history of long-standing duodenal ulcer disease suddenly experiences excruciating, generalized abdominal pain that began 2 hours ago. On physical examination, the patient lies completely still with shallow respirations. The entire abdomen is rigid and board-like, with diffuse rebound tenderness. Bowel sounds are absent. An upright chest radiograph demonstrates a thin crescent of free air beneath the right hemidiaphragm (pneumoperitoneum). What is the mandatory immediate management?
A.Urgent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to cauterize the ulcer base
B.Barium swallow study to confirm the exact anatomical site of perforation
C.Aggressive IV fluid resuscitation, broad-spectrum IV antibiotics, nasogastric decompression, and immediate exploratory laparotomy/laparoscopy
D.High-dose proton pump inhibitor infusion and observation in the surgical ward for 24 hours
Explanation: Perforated peptic ulcer presents with sudden 'thunderclap' peritonitis, a board-like rigid abdomen, and pneumoperitoneum (subdiaphragmatic free air). This is a surgical emergency requiring immediate fluid resuscitation, broad-spectrum IV antibiotics (covering enteric gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes), nasogastric tube decompression, and emergent operative intervention (omental patch repair / Graham patch).
10A 70-year-old male presents with a 3-day history of obstipation, progressive abdominal distension, and colicky lower abdominal pain. He has had no previous abdominal surgeries. Physical examination reveals a tensely distended, tympanitic abdomen with high-pitched 'tinkling' bowel sounds. Plain abdominal radiography demonstrates a massive, dilated loop of large bowel without haustra, originating from the left lower quadrant and projecting towards the right upper quadrant, resembling a 'coffee bean' sign. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.Cecal volvulus
B.Toxic megacolon
C.Paralytic ileus
D.Sigmoid volvulus
Explanation: Sigmoid volvulus results from twisting of the redundant sigmoid colon on its mesentery. It is the most common form of colonic volvulus, classically presenting in elderly or institutionalized patients with constipation. The hallmark radiologic finding on plain abdominal X-ray is the 'coffee bean' or 'bent inner tube' sign with its apex pointing toward the right upper quadrant.

About the Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam Exam

The Physician Licensing Examination is the Health Development Center test that medical graduates in general medicine (хүний их эмч) must pass to obtain the treatment (эмчлэх) licence to practise in Mongolia. Under Minister of Health Order A/295 it covers general and specialized clinical medicine, public health, health law and medical ethics. This free bank offers independent English-language MCQ practice on those topic areas.

Exam sponsor: Health Development Center (HDC / Эрүүл мэндийн хөгжлийн төв), Ministry of Health of Mongolia; licences are granted by decision of the Minister of Health. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The licensing examination (мэргэжлийн үйл ажиллагаа эрхлэх зөвшөөрлийн шалгалт) is taken on the Health Development Center's hr.hdc.gov.mn system. Under Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.4.1, items for new physician graduates are 65% general specialty medicine, 5% specialized medicine, 20% public health, 5% health-sector law and 5% medical-professional ethics. Each candidate receives a random selection of items (§3.5); HDC materials describe 100 items in 100 minutes, and a score of 70 or more gives the right to a licence (§3.8). The official test is in Mongolian and uses five-option single-answer, multiple-answer and cause-and-effect items, which may include images, audio or video. This practice bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep, not an official translation or a simulation of the examination.

Time Limit

100 minutes

Passing Score

70 points or more (Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.8)

Exam / Certification Fees

12,000 MNT examination fee, plus 5,000 MNT stamp duty after passing

Exam sponsor website

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

65%

General specialty medicine (ерөнхий мэргэшил)

Internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, and obstetrics and gynecology: diagnosis and first-line management of common and emergency conditions.

5%

Specialized medicine (төрөлжсөн мэргэшил)

Emergency medicine, resuscitation, intensive care, and other specialized clinical fields.

20%

Public health (нийгмийн эрүүл мэнд)

Communicable disease control (tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, zoonoses such as brucellosis, plague and anthrax), immunization and cold chain, infection prevention and control, epidemiology and environmental health.

5%

Health-sector law

The Law on Health (licensing under Article 25, professional duties under Article 28, citizens' rights under Article 43), Order A/295 and the Law on Health Insurance.

5%

Medical-professional ethics

Autonomy and informed consent, confidentiality, end-of-life decisions, disclosure of errors and conflicts of interest.

Preparing for the Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 70 points or more (Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.8)
  • Assessment: The licensing examination (мэргэжлийн үйл ажиллагаа эрхлэх зөвшөөрлийн шалгалт) is taken on the Health Development Center's hr.hdc.gov.mn system. Under Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.4.1, items for new physician graduates are 65% general specialty medicine, 5% specialized medicine, 20% public health, 5% health-sector law and 5% medical-professional ethics. Each candidate receives a random selection of items (§3.5); HDC materials describe 100 items in 100 minutes, and a score of 70 or more gives the right to a licence (§3.8). The official test is in Mongolian and uses five-option single-answer, multiple-answer and cause-and-effect items, which may include images, audio or video. This practice bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep, not an official translation or a simulation of the examination.
  • Time limit: 100 minutes
  • Exam / certification fees: 12,000 MNT examination fee, plus 5,000 MNT stamp duty after passing Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam: Suggested Study Strategy

1Spend most of your time on general specialty medicine (65%): common presentations and emergencies in internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics and obstetrics.
2Public health is 20% of the test: review tuberculosis treatment, viral hepatitis serology, brucellosis, plague and anthrax, the immunization schedule and infection control.
3Learn the Health Law articles that come up most often: Article 25 (licences), Article 28 (duties of medical professionals) and Article 43 (citizens' rights), plus the CPD rules in Order A/295.
4Work through the Health Development Center's free sample tests (жишиг сорил), which show the five-option, multiple-answer and cause-and-effect item styles.
5Practise timed 100-question sets so you can pace yourself at about one minute per item.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Mongolia Physician Licensing Exam?

It is the licensing examination (мэргэжлийн үйл ажиллагаа эрхлэх зөвшөөрлийн шалгалт) that general medicine graduates take to obtain the treatment (эмчлэх) licence. Article 25.1 of the Law on Health allows only licensed medical professionals to provide medical care, and Minister of Health Order A/295 sets out how the Health Development Center organizes the examination.

How is the examination structured, timed and scored?

It is a computer-based test on the hr.hdc.gov.mn system. Each candidate receives items drawn at random from the Health Development Center bank; HDC materials describe 100 items in 100 minutes. The score appears immediately, and 70 points or more gives the right to a licence (Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.8).

What topics does the examination cover?

Order A/295, Annex 1, §3.4.1 weights the items for new physician graduates: 65% general specialty medicine, 5% specialized medicine, 20% public health, 5% health-sector law and 5% medical-professional ethics.

How do I register, and what does it cost?

Registration is online at hr.hdc.gov.mn during the windows announced by the Health Development Center (quarterly in 2026). The examination fee is 12,000 MNT. After passing, you submit a licence request and pay a 5,000 MNT stamp duty within 10 working days; otherwise the result lapses (Order A/295, Annex 1, §§3.10-3.11).

How long is the licence valid, and how is it kept?

Under Article 25.3 of the Law on Health (as amended on 3 July 2026) the treatment licence is issued for 5 years. Physicians must earn 6 CPD credits (багц цаг) each year; when they do, the licence is extended for another 5 years (Art. 25.5; Order A/295, Annex 1, §§4.1-4.2). Those who miss the credits must sit the licensing examination (§4.13).

Is this practice bank an official exam, past paper or translation?

No. The official examination is written in Mongolian and uses five-option computer-based items. This bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep; it is not an official translation, an HDC item bank, or a simulation of the examination software.