Free Practice Questions for Iran Anesthesiology Specialty Board Exam

Anesthesia Pharmacology (فارماکولوژی بیهوشی)

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, receptor mechanisms, and metabolism of intravenous induction agents (propofol, etomidate, ketamine, dexmedetomidine); volatile and gaseous inhalational anesthetics (isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, nitrous oxide, MAC concepts, context-sensitive half-times); depolarizing (succinylcholine) and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers, pseudocholinesterase variants, and reversal strategies (neostigmine, sugammadex); opioid receptor pharmacology, chest wall rigidity, context-sensitive half-time; local anesthetic mechanisms, lipid rescue for LAST; and autonomic inotropes and vasopressors.

Preoperative Evaluation, Airway Management & Monitoring Technologies (ارزیابی قبل از عمل، راه هوایی و مانیتورینگ)

Preoperative physiological risk assessment, ASA physical status classification, perioperative cardiac risk stratification, preoperative medication management (antiplatelet agents, direct oral anticoagulants, ACE inhibitors); American Society of Anesthesiologists difficult airway algorithm, unanticipated difficult airway management, supraglottic airway rescue, video laryngoscopy, fiberoptic intubation, surgical cricothyrotomy; standards for basic anesthetic monitoring, capnography waveforms, invasive arterial lines, central venous pressure curves, pulmonary artery catheter waveforms, pulse contour cardiac output, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) views, and quantitative neuromuscular monitoring (train-of-four, acceleromyography).

Subspecialty Anesthesia (بیهوشی در تخصص‌های وابسته)

Cardiovascular Anesthesia: Hemodynamic goals in valvular lesions (aortic stenosis/regurgitation, mitral stenosis/regurgitation), coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiopulmonary bypass physiology, systemic heparinization, protamine reactions, separation from bypass, and aortic dissection. Thoracic Anesthesia: Double-lumen endotracheal tubes, bronchial blockers, physiology of one-lung ventilation, management of severe intraoperative hypoxemia during OLV, and mediastinal mass syndrome. Neuroanesthesia: Intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), cerebral autoregulation, brain protection strategies, sitting craniotomy and venous air embolism, awake craniotomy, and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Obstetric Anesthesia: Physiological adaptations of pregnancy, labor analgesia (epidural, CSE), anesthesia for emergency cesarean delivery, management of preeclampsia/eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage protocols, amniotic fluid embolism, and accidental dural puncture headache. Pediatric Anesthesia: Neonatal and infant physiology, developmental pharmacology, congenital heart disease lesions (tetralogy of Fallot spells, left-to-right vs. right-to-left shunts), pediatric airway anatomy, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pyloric stenosis resuscitation, pediatric caudal blocks, and malignant hyperthermia protocols.

Regional Anesthesia & Acute/Chronic Pain Medicine (بیهوشی ناحیه‌ای و طب درد)

Applied spinal and epidural neuraxial anatomy, level of sensory block, hemodynamic sequelae of sympathectomy, post-dural puncture headache pathophysiology and epidural blood patch; ultrasound-guided upper extremity nerve blocks (interscalene, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, axillary); lower extremity blocks (femoral, adductor canal, sciatic, popliteal); fascial plane blocks (transversus abdominis plane [TAP], rectus sheath, pectoralis [PECS], serratus anterior, erector spinae plane [ESP]); local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) recognition and 20% lipid emulsion therapy; multimodal acute pain management (ketamine, lidocaine infusions, gabapentinoids); and interventional chronic pain therapies (celiac plexus block, stellate ganglion block, epidural steroid injections, complex regional pain syndrome).

Critical Care Medicine, Fluid/Transfusion Therapy & Resuscitation (مراقبت‌های ویژه، مایع‌درمانی و احیا)

Advanced adult cardiac life support (ACLS) and perioperative arrest rhythms; septic shock definitions, surviving sepsis campaign guidelines, vasopressor selection; mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), low tidal volume strategy, driving pressure, prone positioning; crystalloid vs. colloid resuscitation, balanced crystalloids vs. normal saline, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis; massive transfusion protocols, tranexamic acid, viscoelastic testing (thromboelastography [TEG] and rotational thromboelastometry [ROTEM]); diagnostic evaluation and correction of complex acid-base disorders; and acute kidney injury staging and renal replacement therapy indications in the ICU.

Postoperative Care, Complications & Anesthesia Safety (مراقبت‌های پس از بیهوشی، عوارض و ایمنی)

Postanesthesia care unit (PACU) phase I and II monitoring, modified Aldrete scoring, delayed emergence differential diagnosis and evaluation; postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) risk stratification (Apfel score) and multi-agent prophylaxis; hypothermia mechanisms, perioperative shivering management; postoperative respiratory complications (hypoxemia, atelectasis, negative-pressure pulmonary edema); perioperative visual loss; operating room electrical safety, line isolation monitors, surgical fires in oxygen-enriched environments; anesthesia machine check protocols; and crisis resource management and non-technical skills for patient safety.