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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: EBOD Exam

60 questions

EBOD written Part I has 60 MCQs: 30 multiple true/false plus 30 single best answer

EBO - Structure of Examination

2 hours

Time allowed for the online EBOD written MCQ paper

EBO - Structure of Examination

10 domains

The written paper samples 10 predefined ophthalmology topic areas

EBO - Exam Information

40 / 60

Part I (written) is weighted 40 percent and Part II (oral viva) 60 percent of the final score

EBO - Structure of Examination

Mean minus 1 SD

Part I pass standard is the cohort mean MCQ score minus one standard deviation

EBO - Statistical Monitoring and Validation of EBOD

No negative marking

Correct answers score 1 point; incorrect or blank answers score 0

EBO - Structure of Examination

EUR 550

Approximate fee for the EBO examination, with about EUR 300 for Part I resits

EBO - Exam Information

UEMS section

The EBO is a section of the Union of European Medical Specialists awarding the EBOD

European Board of Ophthalmology

The EBOD is the European Board of Ophthalmology's specialist diploma in ophthalmology, run by the EBO (a UEMS section) with EURETINA. Its written paper (Part I) has 60 multiple-choice questions: 30 traditional multiple true/false MCQs and 30 single best answer items, sat online in about 2 hours with no negative marking. There is no fixed pass percentage; candidates must score at or above the cohort mean minus one standard deviation, and Part I (40 percent) is combined with an oral viva voce (60 percent). The examination fee is around EUR 550, with about EUR 300 for resits. This 100-question bank provides original single-best-answer practice across all 10 EBOD domains; the oral part is not covered.

Sample EBOD Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your EBOD exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A patient needs +2.50 D of reading add. At what distance is the focal point of this reading add located?
A.25 cm
B.40 cm
C.50 cm
D.67 cm
Explanation: The focal length of a lens in metres equals the reciprocal of its power in dioptres. For a +2.50 D add, focal length = 1 / 2.50 = 0.40 m, or 40 cm, which corresponds to a comfortable near working distance.
2A myopic patient has a spectacle correction of -10.00 D at a vertex distance of 12 mm. Approximately what contact lens power is required?
A.-8.93 D
B.-9.50 D
C.-10.00 D
D.-11.36 D
Explanation: Vertex distance correction uses F_cl = F_spec / (1 - d x F_spec), with d in metres. For -10.00 D at 0.012 m: F_cl = -10 / (1 - 0.012 x -10) = -10 / 1.12 = -8.93 D. Moving a minus lens closer to the eye reduces the required power.
3Which type of astigmatism is present when both focal lines fall in front of the retina?
A.Compound myopic astigmatism
B.Compound hyperopic astigmatism
C.Mixed astigmatism
D.Simple myopic astigmatism
Explanation: In compound myopic astigmatism, both principal meridians are myopic, so both focal lines lie anterior to the retina. Each meridian requires a minus correction.
4A patient with a left sixth nerve palsy has horizontal diplopia. To relieve the diplopia with a prism, the base of the prism should be placed in which direction over the affected eye?
A.Base-in
B.Base-out
C.Base-up
D.Base-down
Explanation: A sixth nerve palsy weakens abduction, causing an esotropia. A prism with its base pointing toward the deviation (base-out over an esotropic eye) shifts the image to realign the eyes and relieve horizontal diplopia.
5What is the approximate total refractive power of the average human eye?
A.About 20 dioptres
B.About 40 dioptres
C.About 60 dioptres
D.About 80 dioptres
Explanation: The eye has a total refractive power of approximately 60 dioptres. The cornea contributes about 40-43 D and the crystalline lens about 18-20 D in the unaccommodated state.
6Which lens design is most appropriate to correct presbyopia while maintaining clear distance, intermediate, and near vision in a single spectacle lens?
A.Single vision lens
B.Bifocal lens
C.Progressive addition lens
D.Plano lens
Explanation: A progressive addition lens provides a continuous gradient of power from distance through intermediate to near, with no visible segment line, giving clear vision at all distances for presbyopes.
7In keratometry, the instrument measures corneal curvature by analysing the size of reflected mires. What corneal property does keratometry primarily assess?
A.Central corneal thickness
B.Anterior corneal curvature
C.Endothelial cell density
D.Corneal epithelial integrity
Explanation: Keratometry measures the radius of curvature of the central anterior corneal surface by analysing reflected mires, and converts it to dioptric power. It is used for IOL calculation and contact lens fitting.
8A Galilean telescope, used in some low vision aids, consists of which combination of lenses?
A.Two converging lenses
B.A converging objective and a diverging eyepiece
C.Two diverging lenses
D.A diverging objective and a converging eyepiece
Explanation: A Galilean telescope uses a converging (plus) objective and a diverging (minus) eyepiece. This produces an upright magnified image and a shorter tube length than a Keplerian design.
9What is the dioptric power of accommodation typically required to focus on an object 25 cm from the eye?
A.1 D
B.2 D
C.4 D
D.8 D
Explanation: Accommodative demand equals the reciprocal of the working distance in metres. For 25 cm (0.25 m), the demand is 1 / 0.25 = 4 D of accommodation in an emmetrope.
10Which aberration of the eye causes peripheral light rays to focus at a different point than central rays, and is reduced by a smaller pupil?
A.Chromatic aberration
B.Spherical aberration
C.Coma
D.Astigmatism
Explanation: Spherical aberration occurs because peripheral rays passing through a lens focus more anteriorly than paraxial rays. A smaller pupil blocks peripheral rays, reducing this aberration and improving depth of focus.

About the EBOD Exam

The European Board of Ophthalmology Diploma (EBOD) is a pan-European specialist diploma in ophthalmology awarded by the European Board of Ophthalmology, a section of the UEMS. The examination has two parts: a written multiple-choice paper (Part I) and an oral viva voce of clinical cases (Part II). The written paper contains 60 questions, split into 30 traditional EBO multiple true/false MCQs and 30 single best answer questions, and tests knowledge across ten domains including optics and refraction, anatomy and pathology, cornea and external disease, glaucoma, cataract and lens, retina and vitreous, uveitis, neuro-ophthalmology, paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, and oculoplastics with pharmacology. Part I is weighted at 40 percent and Part II at 60 percent of the final score. This question bank covers only the written MCQ part of the examination.

Assessment

Part I written paper: 60 multiple-choice questions made up of 30 traditional EBO MCQs (multiple true/false statements) and 30 single best answer (SBA) questions, across 10 ophthalmology domains. Part II is an oral viva voce, not covered by this bank.

Time Limit

2 hours for the written MCQ paper (2.5 hours if technical problems require paper-based answers).

Passing Score

There is no fixed percentage cut-off. To pass Part I, the candidate score must be at or above the mean MCQ score of all candidates minus one standard deviation, with an overall standard equivalent to 6 out of 10. Part I counts for 40 percent and the oral viva for 60 percent of the final result.

Exam Fee

Approximately EUR 550 for the examination; an additional administrative fee of approximately EUR 300 applies to resits of Part I. (European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO), a section of the Union of European Medical Specialists (UEMS), in partnership with EURETINA.)

EBOD Exam Content Outline

10%

Optics and Refraction

Geometric and physical optics, vergence and lens power, refractive error and its correction, prisms, contact lenses, magnification, low vision aids and ophthalmic instruments.

10%

Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology

Ocular and orbital anatomy and physiology, aqueous dynamics, ophthalmic pathology and microbiology, and the basic science underpinning ocular disease.

10%

Cornea and External Disease

Corneal dystrophies and degenerations, infectious and inflammatory keratitis, dry eye and ocular surface disease, conjunctival and scleral disorders, and corneal transplantation.

10%

Glaucoma

Primary and secondary open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma, intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, optic nerve and visual-field assessment, and medical, laser and surgical management.

10%

Cataract and Lens

Lens anatomy and metabolism, cataract morphology and aetiology, biometry and IOL power calculation, phacoemulsification technique and management of intraoperative and postoperative complications.

12%

Retina and Vitreous

Diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vascular occlusions, hereditary retinal dystrophies, retinal detachment, vitreoretinal interface disease and intravitreal therapy.

8%

Uveitis

Anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitis, infectious and non-infectious causes, systemic and HLA associations, masquerade syndromes and immunomodulatory treatment.

8%

Neuro-ophthalmology

Optic neuropathies, pupillary pathways and defects, visual-field patterns, ocular motility and cranial nerve palsies, nystagmus and neurological disease affecting vision.

6%

Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Amblyopia, comitant and incomitant strabismus and its surgery, paediatric cataract and glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity, leukocoria and congenital ocular anomalies.

6%

Oculoplastics, Orbit and Pharmacology

Eyelid malpositions and tumours, lacrimal and orbital disease, thyroid eye disease, ocular and orbital trauma, plus ophthalmic pharmacology and therapeutics.

How to Pass the EBOD Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: There is no fixed percentage cut-off. To pass Part I, the candidate score must be at or above the mean MCQ score of all candidates minus one standard deviation, with an overall standard equivalent to 6 out of 10. Part I counts for 40 percent and the oral viva for 60 percent of the final result.
  • Assessment: Part I written paper: 60 multiple-choice questions made up of 30 traditional EBO MCQs (multiple true/false statements) and 30 single best answer (SBA) questions, across 10 ophthalmology domains. Part II is an oral viva voce, not covered by this bank.
  • Time limit: 2 hours for the written MCQ paper (2.5 hours if technical problems require paper-based answers).
  • Exam fee: Approximately EUR 550 for the examination; an additional administrative fee of approximately EUR 300 applies to resits of Part I.

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

EBOD Study Tips from Top Performers

1Practise both question styles: the 30 multiple true/false items reward precise factual recall, while the 30 single best answer items reward clinical judgement and choosing the most appropriate option.
2Build a domain checklist across all 10 areas, because the paper samples optics, cornea, glaucoma, cataract, retina, uveitis, neuro-ophthalmology, paediatrics, oculoplastics and pharmacology, and weak domains are easy to neglect.
3Master core optics early: vergence, lens and prism power, IOL calculation and contact-lens fitting appear reliably and are scoreable marks if you drill the formulas.
4For retina and glaucoma, learn the major landmark trial conclusions and current management thresholds rather than memorising isolated facts.
5Use the absence of negative marking to your advantage by answering every item, including true/false statements you are unsure about.
6Pair MCQ revision with viva-style case discussion so the knowledge transfers to Part II, where 60 percent of your final mark is decided.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on the EBOD written exam?

The written paper (Part I) has 60 multiple-choice questions: 30 traditional EBO MCQs in multiple true/false format and 30 single best answer questions, covering 10 ophthalmology domains.

How long is the EBOD written MCQ paper?

Candidates have 2 hours to complete the online written MCQ paper, extended to about 2.5 hours if technical problems require switching to paper-based answers. There is no negative marking.

How is the EBOD examination scored and passed?

There is no fixed percentage cut-off. To pass Part I, your MCQ score must be at or above the cohort mean minus one standard deviation, equivalent to 6 out of 10. Part I counts for 40 percent and the oral viva voce for 60 percent of the final result.

Who administers the EBOD and where does it sit?

The EBOD is awarded by the European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO), a section of the UEMS, and is run as the EBO-EURETINA examination with the European Society of Retina Specialists.

What is the difference between the written and oral parts?

Part I is the written MCQ paper sat online. Candidates who pass it are invited to Part II, an oral viva voce of clinical cases. This question bank covers only the written MCQ part.

What does the EBOD cost?

The examination fee is approximately EUR 550. Candidates who fail Part I and resit pay an additional administrative fee of around EUR 300. Always check the EBO website for current fees and deadlines.