Free Practice Questions for Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam

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Key Facts: Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam Exam

3 parts

curriculum components: Part A, Part B, and Part C

Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet, Section 4

4 hours

written drafting assignment duration

Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet, Section 7(1)

3 years

certified legal practice prerequisite

Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet, Section 2(1)

HUF 55,200

fee per examination part in 2026

Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet, Section 16(1)

5 years

maximum time to complete all three parts after starting

Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet, Section 5(5)

Review selected concepts relevant to Hungary's Jogi szakvizsga with 12 independent English-language MCQs across Parts A, B, and C.

Sample Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 12+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under Section 1:3 of Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code (Polgári Törvénykönyv, Ptk.), what standard governs the exercise of rights and performance of obligations?

A.A general requirement that every civil transaction receive administrative approval

B.The requirements of good faith and fair dealing (jóhiszeműség és tisztesség)

C.A rule that commercial parties may exclude good faith by agreement

D.A presumption that every oral civil-law declaration is invalid

Explanation: Section 1:3 requires parties to exercise rights and perform obligations in accordance with good faith and fair dealing. The standard also requires conduct that the other party could reasonably expect in the circumstances.

2Under Section 5:44(1) Ptk., what is the ordinary adverse-possession period (elbirtoklás) for real property?

A.Five years of uninterrupted possession as owner

B.Ten years of uninterrupted possession as owner

C.Thirty years of uninterrupted possession as owner

D.Fifteen years of uninterrupted possession as owner

Explanation: Ordinary adverse possession of real property requires 15 years of uninterrupted possession as one's own. The corresponding ordinary period for movable property is 10 years, while Section 5:45 separately regulates title-based adverse possession.

3What minimum registered capital (törzstőke) does Section 3:161(4) Ptk. require for a limited liability company (Kft.)?

A.HUF 1 million

B.HUF 5 million

C.HUF 3 million

D.HUF 20 million

Explanation: A Kft.'s registered capital may not be less than HUF 3 million. This is distinct from the minimum share-capital rules applicable to private and public companies limited by shares.

4Under Section 365(6) of Act CXXX of 2016 on Civil Procedure (Pp.), what is the general time limit for an appeal (fellebbezés)?

A.Fifteen days from communication of the decision

B.Eight days from oral pronouncement of the decision

C.Thirty days from publication of the decision

D.Sixty days from the first-instance hearing

Explanation: The general appeal period is 15 days from communication of the decision. Section 365 also identifies who may appeal and provides that an appeal normally suspends enforcement unless law or the court provides otherwise.

5How does Section 5 of Act C of 2012 (Btk.) distinguish a felony (bűntett) from a misdemeanor (vétség)?

A.A felony is an intentional offence for which the Act prescribes imprisonment exceeding two years; every other criminal offence is a misdemeanor

B.A felony is any intentional offence, while every negligent offence is a misdemeanor regardless of the prescribed penalty

C.A felony is any offence tried by a panel of judges, while a misdemeanor is tried by a single judge

D.A felony is an offence carrying at least five years' imprisonment; every other offence is a misdemeanor

Explanation: A felony is an intentionally committed offence for which the Btk. prescribes imprisonment of more than two years. Every other criminal offence is classified as a misdemeanor, so both intent and the statutory penalty matter.

6Which statement reflects justifiable defence (jogos védelem) under Section 22 Btk.?

A.Defence is permitted only after the threatened person has unsuccessfully attempted to retreat

B.An act necessary to avert an unlawful attack, or its direct threat, against one's own or another person's person or property, or against the public interest, is not punishable

C.Only an official law-enforcement officer may invoke justifiable defence of another person

D.Defensive conduct is justified only if it causes no injury to the attacker

Explanation: Section 22(1) excludes punishment for an act necessary to avert an unlawful attack or direct threat against protected persons, property, or the public interest. Section 22(4) expressly states that the person attacked has no duty to retreat.

7Which conduct constitutes fraud (csalás) under Section 373(1) Btk.?

A.Taking another person's movable property in order to appropriate it unlawfully

B.Compelling a person by force or threat against life or bodily integrity to hand over property

C.Damaging another person's property and thereby causing loss

D.For unlawful gain, causing loss by deceiving another person or maintaining that person in error

Explanation: Fraud combines a purpose of unlawful gain with deception or maintenance of an error that causes loss. The alternative descriptions correspond to distinct property offences with different statutory elements.

8Which rule applies under Section 167(5) of Act XC of 2017 on Criminal Procedure (Be.) to a fact derived from an unlawful means of proof?

A.It may always be used if the court assigns it reduced weight

B.It is excluded only if the person who obtained it has first been convicted

C.It may not be evaluated as evidence if obtained by a criminal offence, by another unlawful method substantially restricting a participant's procedural rights, or by a substantial violation of procedural law

D.It becomes admissible whenever a second, lawful item of evidence points to the same conclusion

Explanation: Section 167(5) identifies three exclusion grounds tied to criminal acquisition, substantial restriction of procedural rights by another unlawful method, and substantial procedural-law violations. The rule bars evaluation of the resulting fact as evidence; it is not merely a discretionary reduction in weight.

9What maximum-duration limits apply to a probationary period (próbaidő) under the Labour Code (Mt.)?

A.The parties may agree to no more than three months when concluding the employment contract; a collective agreement may allow up to six months

B.The parties may agree to six months in every individual contract without a collective agreement

C.The ordinary maximum is one year, reducible to six months by collective agreement

D.No statutory maximum applies if either party may terminate immediately

Explanation: Section 45(5) allows the parties to set a probationary period of up to three months in the employment contract. Section 50(4) permits a collective agreement to extend that ceiling to six months.

10Which circumstance permits immediate termination (azonnali hatályú felmondás) under Section 78(1) Mt.?

A.Any loss of confidence, even if unconnected with conduct or an employment obligation

B.A minor negligent breach that has no material effect on the employment relationship

C.An intentional or grossly negligent material breach of an essential employment obligation, or conduct making continuation of the relationship impossible

D.Any organizational change that would also support an ordinary employer notice

Explanation: Section 78(1) requires either a qualified breach of an essential obligation or conduct that makes continuation impossible. A party must exercise the right within the statutory subjective and objective time limits in Section 78(2).

About the Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam Exam

The Jogi szakvizsga is Hungary's unified legal professional examination under Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet. It tests whether a law graduate with qualifying practice can apply legal knowledge and interpret law sufficiently to perform independent legal work; particular professions impose their own additional admission or appointment rules. OpenExamPrep provides 12 independent English-language multiple-choice questions with statutory rationales for selected concepts across all three examination parts.

Exam sponsor: Igazságügyi Minisztérium Jogi Szakvizsga Bizottság (Ministry of Justice). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The examination comprises three parts: Part A (Civil Law, Family Law, Commercial Law, Civil Procedure), Part B (Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, Penal Enforcement, Infractions), and Part C (Labor and Social Security Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, EU Law). Candidates take the written task in a chosen subject of the first chosen part—except EU law—and an oral examination in every subject.

Time Limit

4 hours written; oral examinations in Parts A, B, and C (max 90 minutes per part)

Passing Score

At least elégséges (2) in each subject; the written solution and oral examination in that subject receive one combined grade

Exam / Certification Fees

HUF 55,200 per part (HUF 165,600 for 3 parts); HUF 40,000 for a supplementary exam and HUF 57,500 to repeat an examination part

Exam sponsor website

Reported exam pass rate: Not published. The Ministry of Justice does not publish unified annual pass percentages. Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

33.3% of this practice bank (4 questions)

Part A: Civil Law, Commercial Law and Civil Procedure

Civil Code contracts, torts, property, family, and succession law, corporate formations and mergers, and litigious and non-contentious procedural rules under Act CXXX of 2016 (Pp.).

33.3% of this practice bank (4 questions)

Part B: Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Penal Enforcement

Substantive offenses, justification grounds, sanctions, criminal procedure investigations, indictments, court hearings, evidence, penal enforcement regimes, and infractions under Act II of 2012.

33.3% of this practice bank (4 questions)

Part C: Labor Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, EU Law

Employment relationships, collective agreements, social security entitlements, Fundamental Law constitutional order, public administration procedures under Act CL of 2016 (Ákr.), and EU treaties and jurisprudence.

Preparing for the Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: At least elégséges (2) in each subject; the written solution and oral examination in that subject receive one combined grade
Assessment: The examination comprises three parts: Part A (Civil Law, Family Law, Commercial Law, Civil Procedure), Part B (Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, Penal Enforcement, Infractions), and Part C (Labor and Social Security Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, EU Law). Candidates take the written task in a chosen subject of the first chosen part—except EU law—and an oral examination in every subject.
Time limit: 4 hours written; oral examinations in Parts A, B, and C (max 90 minutes per part)
Exam / certification fees: HUF 55,200 per part (HUF 165,600 for 3 parts); HUF 40,000 for a supplementary exam and HUF 57,500 to repeat an examination part Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

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Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam: Suggested Study Strategy

1Distinguish clearly between the substantive legal elements under the Civil Code (Ptk.) or Criminal Code (Btk.) and their procedural enforcement under Pp. or Be.

2Pay close attention to procedural preclusion rules, filing deadlines, and mandatory contents of claims and indictments.

3Review the hierarchy of administrative remedies under Act CL of 2016 (Ákr.) and judicial review grounds under Act I of 2017 (Kp.).

4Understand the allocation of proof in employment disputes under Act I of 2012 (Mt.) and invalid termination remedies.

5Practice formulating precise legal grounds and statutory section references as required during oral questioning before the 3-member boards.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Hungarian Jogi szakvizsga and what professions require it?

The Jogi szakvizsga is Hungary's unified legal professional examination organized by the Ministry of Justice. It qualifies the holder to perform independent legal work, while admission or appointment to a particular regulated profession remains subject to that profession's separate statutory requirements.

Is there a separate bar exam for lawyers (ügyvédi szakvizsga) in Hungary?

No. In 1991, Hungary unified all legal specialist examinations under Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet. The Hungarian Bar Association (MÜK) does not administer a distinct bar exam; trainee lawyers must pass the unified Jogi szakvizsga before being admitted to the Bar.

What are the components of the examination?

The candidate chooses the order of the three examination parts and a subject in the first chosen part for the 4-hour written task; EU law cannot be chosen for the written component. The candidate then takes an oral examination in every subject before 3-member committees.

How much does the Hungarian Legal Specialist Exam cost?

Under Section 13 of Decree 5/1991. (IV. 4.) IM rendelet, the fee is HUF 55,200 per part, or HUF 165,600 for all three. A supplementary examination costs HUF 40,000, while repeating an entire examination part costs HUF 57,500.

Why is this practice bank written in English?

The governing decree and the current official examination information reviewed for this bank do not expressly prescribe an official language, so this page does not infer one. The bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation and is not an official translation or a substitute for the written legal task and oral examinations.