Free Practice Questions for Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam

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Key Facts: Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam Exam

Law 2318/1995

Governing statute establishing the Code of Judicial Bailiffs in Greece.

6 months

Mandatory practical traineeship under an appointed bailiff before sitting the exam.

5.00 / 10

Minimum average across the three examined subjects under Article 10 of Law 2318/1995.

€50

Examination fee fixed by the annual ministerial competition announcement.

22–50

Age range for candidates after Law 5197/2025 raised the upper limit from 40 to 50.

The Greek Judicial Bailiff Competition is the state examination administered by the Ministry of Justice under Law 2318/1995. Law graduates complete a 6-month traineeship and sit one written, secret paper set on three subjects: bailiff regulations and civil procedure, criminal law and procedure, and civil and commercial law. This 100-question bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation.

Sample Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under Article 1 of the Code of Judicial Bailiffs (Law 2318/1995), what is the legal status and institutional role of a judicial bailiff (δικαστικός επιμελητής) in Greece?

A.An unsalaried public official (άμισθος δημόσιος λειτουργός) entrusted by the State with the administration of justice through the service of documents and the forced execution of enforceable titles.

B.A private debt collection agent operating under a commercial trade license.

C.A salaried civil servant employed in the secretariat of the Court of First Instance.

D.A sworn police officer assigned to judicial protection duties.

Explanation: Article 1 of Law 2318/1995 defines the judicial bailiff as an unsalaried public official (άμισθος δημόσιος λειτουργός). The bailiff is appointed by the Minister of Justice to a specific Court of First Instance district to execute core sovereign functions: the lawful service of judicial and extrajudicial documents and the enforcement of enforceable titles.

2Under Article 2 of Law 2318/1995, what is the primary territorial jurisdiction (τοπική αρμοδιότητα) of a Greek judicial bailiff?

A.Nationwide jurisdiction across all appellate districts of Greece without restriction.

B.Strictly the municipal boundaries of the city where the bailiff's office is registered.

C.The territorial district of the Court of First Instance (Πρωτοδικείο) to which the bailiff is appointed, extendable to the Court of Appeal district pursuant to statutory conditions.

D.Exclusively the judicial district of the nearest Peace Court (Ειρηνοδικείο).

Explanation: Under Article 2 § 1 of Law 2318/1995 (as amended), a judicial bailiff exercises their official duties within the territorial district of the Court of First Instance to which they are appointed. By statutory exception and under conditions set by ministerial decisions and bar agreements, jurisdiction may encompass the wider Court of Appeal region.

3Under Article 25 of Law 2318/1995, can a judicial bailiff arbitrarily refuse to execute a lawful written order given by a party or their attorney?

A.Yes, bailiffs enjoy complete discretion to decline any mandate without stating reasons.

B.Yes, provided the bailiff refers the client to another bailiff in the same district.

C.Only if the opposing party offers to pay a higher fee.

D.No, the bailiff is legally bound to execute every lawful order given in writing, unless an impediment, conflict of interest, or statutory ground for recusal exists.

Explanation: Under Article 25 § 1 of Law 2318/1995, as public officials exercising a public monopoly, judicial bailiffs are statutorily obliged to execute all lawful written mandates entrusted to them by clients or attorneys, and may not refuse service or execution except on grounds of statutory incompatibility, recusal (e.g. kinship), or legitimate impediment.

4Under Article 26 of Law 2318/1995, in which of the following circumstances is a judicial bailiff strictly prohibited from acting due to recusal / conflict of interest (κώλυμα / εξαίρεση)?

A.When the mandating attorney belongs to the same political party as the bailiff.

B.Whenever the bailiff has previously served documents on the same debtor in an unrelated case.

C.When the claim amount exceeds €50,000.

D.When the act concerns the bailiff personally, their spouse, or a relative by blood or marriage up to the fourth degree.

Explanation: Under Article 26 of Law 2318/1995, a judicial bailiff cannot perform any official act if they have a personal interest in the dispute, or if the act concerns their spouse, registered partner, or relatives by blood or marriage up to the fourth degree (ή συγγενών εξ αίματος ή εξ αγχιστείας μέχρι και του τετάρτου βαθμού). Acts performed in violation are null and void.

5Under Article 124 of the Greek Code of Civil Procedure (ΚΠολΔ), during what hours is a judicial bailiff generally prohibited from effecting service of process (επίδοση), unless prior judicial authorization is obtained?

A.Between 14:00 and 17:00 on weekdays.

B.On Saturdays and Sundays only, night-time service on weekdays being unrestricted.

C.During the night (between 19:00 and 07:00) as well as on Sundays and statutory public holidays.

D.Between 12:00 and 15:00 on Saturdays.

Explanation: Article 124 § 2 ΚΠολΔ explicitly provides that service of process cannot be effected during the night (defined as the period between 19:00 in the evening and 07:00 in the morning), nor on Sundays or official state holidays, without prior written permission from the judge of the competent Peace Court or Single-Member Court of First Instance.

6Under Article 126 § 1(a) ΚΠολΔ, to whom should service of process primarily be effected in the case of natural persons?

A.To any adult neighbor residing on the same street.

B.At the addressee's registered residence only, service elsewhere being invalid.

C.To the president of the local municipal council.

D.In person (αυτοπροσώπως) to the individual to whom the document is addressed, wherever they may be found.

Explanation: Under Article 126 § 1(a) and Article 127 § 1 ΚΠολΔ, service must primarily and preferentially be made in person (αυτοπροσώπως) to the addressee directly, wherever the bailiff finds them, whether at their residence, workplace, or in a public space.

7Under Article 128 § 1 ΚΠολΔ, if the addressee is not found at their residence, to whom may the judicial bailiff deliver the document?

A.To any person standing on the public street outside the building.

B.To a minor child of the addressee aged at least ten years.

C.To any adult relative or domestic worker who cohabits (συνοικεί) with the addressee, provided they have mental capacity and are not an opposing party in the litigation.

D.To the landlord of the apartment building.

Explanation: Article 128 § 1 ΚΠολΔ provides that if the addressee is not found at their residence, the document is delivered to any adult person cohabiting with them (συνοικούντες ενήλικοι), including adult family members or domestic employees, provided they have legal capacity and do not have opposing interests in the case.

8What are the cumulative formalities under Article 128 § 4 ΚΠολΔ when neither the addressee nor any cohabitant is found at the residence (θυροκόλληση - affixing to the door)?

A.Simply affixing the document to the door, with no further step required.

B.Affixing the document to the door before a witness and posting written notice to the addressee within thirty days.

C.Affixing the document in a sealed envelope to the door before an adult witness, delivering a copy to the head of the local police station by the end of the next working day, and posting written notice to the addressee by the end of the next working day.

D.Filing the document with the Ministry of Justice and waiting 30 days.

Explanation: Article 128 § 4 ΚΠολΔ makes three formalities cumulative for affixing to the door (θυροκόλληση): the bailiff affixes the document in an opaque sealed envelope to the door in the presence of an adult witness; by the end of the next working day delivers a copy to the head of the local police station or, where there is none, to the local authority; and by the end of the next working day posts written notice to the addressee. All three must be completed, and the bailiff records them in the service report.

9Under Article 139 of the Greek Code of Civil Procedure (ΚΠολΔ), what evidentiary force does the judicial bailiff's report of service (έκθεση επίδοσης) possess?

A.Simple presumption that can be overturned by oral witness testimony.

B.Full proof of the bailiff's own statements, but only prima facie proof of what the bailiff observed.

C.Advisory value subject to judicial discretion at the final hearing.

D.Full and conclusive proof (πλήρης απόδειξη) against all parties regarding facts performed by or witnessed by the bailiff within their authority, challengeable only on the ground of forgery (πλαστογραφία).

Explanation: Under Article 139 and Article 438 ΚΠολΔ, the report of service (έκθεση επίδοσης) is a public authentic document (δημόσιο έγγραφο). It establishes full proof (πλήρη απόδειξη) erga omnes regarding all actions carried out by the bailiff or facts that occurred in their presence. Counter-proof is permissible solely by lodging an allegation of forgery (προσβολή ως πλαστού).

10Under Article 134 ΚΠολΔ, how is service effected on an addressee of completely unknown residence (πρόσωπο άγνωστης διαμονής)?

A.Service is impossible and the court proceedings must be terminated permanently.

B.By affixing the document to the door of the addressee's last known residence.

C.Service is effected on the Public Prosecutor of the court where the trial is pending, followed by statutory newspaper or digital portal publication of a summary.

D.By delivering the document to the President of the Supreme Court.

Explanation: Under Article 134 § 1 ΚΠολΔ, if the place of residence of the addressee is completely unknown, service is lawfully effected by delivering the copy to the competent Public Prosecutor (Εισαγγελέας Πλημμελειοδικών), combined with publication of a summary in designated legal press/portals under Article 135 ΚΠολΔ.

About the Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam Exam

The Greek Judicial Bailiff Competition Examination (Διαγωνισμός Υποψηφίων Δικαστικών Επιμελητών) is the official state competition organized by the Ministry of Justice under Law 2318/1995 (Code of Judicial Bailiffs / Κώδικας Δικαστικών Επιμελητών) for filling vacant organic bailiff offices across Greek Courts of First Instance (Πρωτοδικεία). Judicial bailiffs in Greece are unsalaried public ministerial officers (άμισθοι δημόσιοι λειτουργοί) entrusted with the official service of judicial and extrajudicial documents (επιδόσεις) and the execution of enforceable titles and forced auctions (αναγκαστική εκτέλεση, κατασχέσεις, πλειστηριασμοί). Candidates must hold a recognized law degree (Πτυχίο Νομικής) and have completed 6 months of registered practical traineeship (άσκηση) under an appointed bailiff. The competition is a single written, secret sitting held on the same day and hour nationwide at the Court of Appeal building of each Bailiffs' Association, with separate topics set for three subjects: (1) Code of Judicial Bailiffs and Civil Procedure, (2) Penal Code and Criminal Procedure, and (3) Civil and Commercial Law. Each topic is marked 0–10 separately by all four examiners, who also give a fourth mark for command of written Greek. A candidate who does not average at least 5 across the three subjects is definitively failed; those who clear that bar and reach a final general grade of at least 5 are appointed in order of merit for the declared vacancies in each judicial district. Note on format and language: the official examination consists of written essay scenarios in Greek. This 100-question practice bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation for conceptual review and statutory recall. It is not an official translation or format simulation.

Exam sponsor: Ministry of Justice & Federation of Judicial Bailiffs of Greece (ΟΔΕΕ). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

One written, secret sitting under Article 10 of Law 2318/1995. Separate topics are set for each of three subjects — (a) Code of Judicial Bailiffs and Civil Procedure, (b) Penal Code and Criminal Procedure, (c) Civil and Commercial Law — the candidate produces a single script, and each topic is marked separately by all four examiners. Each examiner adds a fourth mark for command of Greek, correct writing and clarity of expression.

Time Limit

Single sitting; start time and duration set by the annual ministerial announcement

Passing Score

Average of at least 5/10 across the three subjects (mandatory) plus a final general grade of at least 5, ranked within the advertised organic vacancies

Exam / Certification Fees

€50 examination fee (εξέταστρα) fixed by the annual ministerial announcement

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

40%

Code of Judicial Bailiffs & Civil Procedure (Κώδικας Δικαστικών Επιμελητών & Πολιτική Δικονομία)

Statutory duties, territorial jurisdiction, incompatibilities, and disciplinary regime under Law 2318/1995, alongside Code of Civil Procedure rules on service of process (επιδόσεις), forced execution (αναγκαστική εκτέλεση), seizures (κατασχέσεις), and electronic auctions (πλειστηριασμοί).

30%

Civil Code & Commercial Law (Αστικός Κώδικας & Εμπορικό Δίκαιο)

General principles of civil law, property rights, mortgages and pledges, monetary obligations, debtor default, commercial contracts, corporate personality, and debtor insolvency.

30%

Penal Code & Criminal Procedure (Ποινικός Κώδικας & Ποινική Δικονομία)

Offenses against public authority, breach of official secrecy, corruption, document forgery, violation of judicial seizures, service of criminal subpoenas, and execution of criminal judgments.

Preparing for the Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: Average of at least 5/10 across the three subjects (mandatory) plus a final general grade of at least 5, ranked within the advertised organic vacancies
Assessment: One written, secret sitting under Article 10 of Law 2318/1995. Separate topics are set for each of three subjects — (a) Code of Judicial Bailiffs and Civil Procedure, (b) Penal Code and Criminal Procedure, (c) Civil and Commercial Law — the candidate produces a single script, and each topic is marked separately by all four examiners. Each examiner adds a fourth mark for command of Greek, correct writing and clarity of expression.
Time limit: Single sitting; start time and duration set by the annual ministerial announcement
Exam / certification fees: €50 examination fee (εξέταστρα) fixed by the annual ministerial announcement Official sources

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Greek Judicial Bailiff Exam: Suggested Study Strategy

1Focus intensely on Book 8 of the Greek Code of Civil Procedure (Articles 904–1054) governing forced execution, attachment orders, exemptions from seizure, and auction challenges (ανακοπές).

2Memorize the precise statutory deadlines and formal requirements for valid service of process (επίδοση) under Articles 122–143 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

3Review the rights, duties, and territorial boundaries of judicial bailiffs under Law 2318/1995, including grounds for refusal of service and liability.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the role of a judicial bailiff in Greece?

Under Law 2318/1995, a judicial bailiff (δικαστικός επιμελητής) is an unsalaried public officer who executes court judgments, serves legal pleadings and extrajudicial notices, carries out asset seizures, and oversees forced execution procedures under the supervision of the Ministry of Justice.

What is the examination structure for the bailiff competition?

Article 10 of Law 2318/1995 sets three examined subjects — (1) Code of Judicial Bailiffs and Civil Procedure, (2) Penal Code and Criminal Procedure, and (3) Civil and Commercial Law. They are examined in one written, secret sitting with separate topics per subject; the candidate hands in a single script and each topic is marked separately by all four examiners, who add a fourth mark for command of written Greek.

What is the passing grade and how are appointments made?

Under Article 10 of Law 2318/1995 a candidate who does not average at least 5 out of 10 across the three examined subjects is definitively failed, even if the fourth Greek-language mark would lift the final general grade. Those who clear that bar and reach a final general grade of at least 5 are ranked in descending order, and appointments fill the specific organic vacancies advertised for each Court of First Instance district.

In what language is the official examination conducted?

The official competition is held exclusively in Greek. This 100-question practice test is an English-language MCQ study adaptation designed for conceptual mastery, statutory recall, and procedural rule review.