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Key Facts: Egyptian Board Dermatology & Venereology Exam

Law 12/2022

Governing Legislation (EHC)

Egyptian Health Council

4 Years

Residency Training Program

EHC Program Specifications

3 Parts

Examination Stages (Part 1, 2 & Clinical OSCE)

EHC Regulations

Angoff / Hofstee

Written Standard Setting Method

EHC Assessment Framework

100 MCQs

Practice Bank Study Items

OpenExamPrep

The Egyptian Board in Dermatology & Venereology is administered by the Egyptian Health Council under Law 12/2022 and Decree 3798/2023. It comprises Part 1 (skin biology & micro-anatomy, immunology of the skin, dermatopathology basics, pharmacology; held March/August), Part 2 (clinical dermatology & venereology written MCQ: papulosquamous, vesiculobullous, infections, connective tissue diseases, dermatosurgery & lasers, pediatric dermatology, STIs, cutaneous oncology; held April/September), and Part 3 (annual OSCE and 2x2 slide projection clinical stations; held Dec/Jan). This 100-question MCQ bank is an English-language study aid for Part 1 and Part 2 theoretical domains; Part Three is a clinical OSCE and this bank does not substitute for clinical residency training.

Sample Egyptian Board Dermatology & Venereology Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Egyptian Board Dermatology & Venereology exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1During terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes, keratohyalin granules in the stratum granulosum release which precursor protein that is subsequently dephosphorylated and cleaved into functional monomers that aggregate keratin intermediate filaments?
A.Profilaggrin
B.Loricrin
C.Involucrin
D.Trichohyalin
Explanation: Profilaggrin is a large, histidine-rich, heavily phosphorylated polyprotein stored within keratohyalin granules of the stratum granulosum. During cornification, profilaggrin is dephosphorylated and proteolytically cleaved into individual filaggrin monomers, which bundle keratin intermediate filaments into dense macrofibrils to collapse and flatten keratinocytes. In the outer stratum corneum, filaggrin is broken down into hygroscopic amino acids forming the natural moisturizing factor (NMF).
2A 4-year-old child presents with widespread superficial bullae and skin peeling following a localized staphylococcal skin infection. In Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS), exfoliative toxins A and B cleave which specific desmosomal cadherin located selectively in the upper spinous and granular layers?
A.Desmoglein 3
B.Desmoglein 1
C.Desmocollin 1
D.Plakoglobin
Explanation: Staphylococcal exfoliative toxins A and B (ETA and ETB) are glutamate-specific serine proteases that selectively cleave the extracellular domain of desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) between amino acids Glu381 and Gly382. Because desmoglein 1 is expressed predominantly in the superficial epidermis (stratum granulosum and upper stratum spinosum), its targeted destruction results in subcorneal intraepidermal blistering identical to pemphigus foliaceus, while sparing mucous membranes where desmoglein 3 predominates.
3Which component of the hemidesmosomal inner plaque directly anchors the keratin 5 and keratin 14 intermediate filaments of basal keratinocytes to the plasma membrane?
A.Laminin 332
B.Type XVII collagen
C.Plectin and BP230
D.Alpha6-beta4 integrin
Explanation: The inner plaque of the hemidesmosome contains plakin family cytolinkers, primarily plectin (HD1) and bullous pemphigoid antigen 230 (BP230 / BPAG1-e). These proteins possess carboxy-terminal intermediate filament-binding domains that directly tether keratin 5/14 tonofilaments to the hemidesmosome, bridging them with transmembrane hemidesmosome components such as alpha6-beta4 integrin and BP180.
4Anchoring fibrils that loop from the lamina densa of the epidermal basement membrane zone into the papillary dermis to entrap interstitial type I and type III collagen fibers are biochemically composed of which collagenous protein?
A.Type IV collagen
B.Type XVII collagen
C.Type VI collagen
D.Type VII collagen
Explanation: Anchoring fibrils are composed of antiparallel homodimers of type VII collagen, consisting of a central triple-helical domain flanked by noncollagenous NC1 and NC2 domains. These fibrils insert into the lamina densa, project into the upper papillary dermis, and loop around interstitial collagen bundles (collagen types I and III) or insert into anchoring plaques, physically securing the lamina densa to the underlying dermis. Mutations in COL7A1 or autoantibodies against type VII collagen cause dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, respectively.
5Which rate-limiting, copper-dependent enzyme catalyzes both the initial hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA and the subsequent oxidation of L-DOPA to dopaquinone in cutaneous melanogenesis?
A.Tyrosinase
B.Dopachrome tautomerase (TYRP2)
C.Tyrosine hydroxylase
D.Phenylalanine hydroxylase
Explanation: Tyrosinase is the primary rate-limiting copper-containing metalloenzyme of melanogenesis located on melanosome membranes. It catalyzes the first two steps of melanin biosynthesis: the ortho-hydroxylation of monophenol L-tyrosine to diphenol L-DOPA, and the oxidation of L-DOPA to ortho-dopaquinone. Loss-of-function mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR) result in oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1).
6Ultrastructural examination of epidermal Langerhans cells reveals pathognomonic rod- or tennis racket-shaped cytoplasmic organelles known as Birbeck granules. Which cell-surface C-type lectin is required for the formation and internalization of these granules?
A.CD1a
B.Langerin (CD207)
C.Factor XIIIa
D.CD68
Explanation: Langerin (CD207) is a transmembrane, calcium-dependent C-type lectin receptor expressed exclusively on Langerhans cells. Following ligand binding on the plasma membrane, langerin is rapidly internalized into Birbeck granules, inducing the characteristic zipper-like membrane superimposition that generates the rod- and tennis racket-shaped structures seen on transmission electron microscopy.
7Unlike pulmonary mast cells which contain only tryptase (MCT), the vast majority of human skin mast cells (MCTC) are characterized by secretory granules containing which dual proteolytic enzyme profile?
A.Tryptase and elastase
B.Chymase and myeloperoxidase
C.Tryptase and chymase
D.Cathepsin G and granzyme B
Explanation: Human mast cells are subdivided into two phenotypically distinct subsets based on neutral protease granule content: mucosal mast cells (MCT), which express tryptase alone, and connective tissue mast cells (MCTC), which contain both tryptase and chymase (along with carboxypeptidase A3 and cathepsin G). In human dermis, over 85-90% of mast cells belong to the MCTC subset, which plays critical roles in neurogenic inflammation, tissue remodeling, and venom detoxification.
8Which statement accurately distinguishes eccrine sweat glands from apocrine sweat glands in human skin?
A.Eccrine glands open directly into the infundibulum of hair follicles above the sebaceous duct.
B.Apocrine glands are innervated predominantly by postganglionic sympathetic cholinergic fibers.
C.Eccrine sweat secretion occurs via decapitation secretion where apical cytoplasm is pinched off.
D.Eccrine glands secrete hypotonic fluid directly onto the skin surface via merocrine exocytosis.
Explanation: Eccrine sweat glands are distributed across almost the entire cutaneous surface, open directly onto the skin surface via epidermal acrosyringia, and secrete hypotonic fluid through merocrine exocytosis (vesicle fusion without loss of cellular cytoplasm) under the control of postganglionic sympathetic cholinergic fibers. In contrast, apocrine glands open into the follicular infundibulum above the sebaceous duct, secrete viscous fluid via decapitation (apocrine) secretion, and are responsive to sympathetic adrenergic stimulation.
9During the human hair growth cycle, which phase is characterized by extensive apoptosis of keratinocytes in the lower two-thirds of the follicle and involution of the follicular bulb?
A.Catagen
B.Anagen
C.Telogen
D.Exogen
Explanation: Catagen is the brief transitional phase of the hair cycle (lasting approximately 2 to 3 weeks in human scalp follicles) marked by cessation of melanogenesis, widespread programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the transient epithelial lower two-thirds of the follicle, thickening of the basement membrane (vitreous membrane), and upward retraction of the dermal papilla toward the bulge stem cell compartment.
10Lamellar bodies (Odland bodies) in the upper spinous and granular keratinocytes extrude their contents into the intercellular spaces to establish the cutaneous permeability barrier. Which equimolar lipid triad comprises the mature extracellular lipid lamellae of the stratum corneum?
A.Phospholipids, triglycerides, and squalene
B.Ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids
C.Glycosphingolipids, wax esters, and sterol esters
D.Sebaleic acid, lanosterol, and phosphatidylethanolamine
Explanation: The stratum corneum extracellular matrix consists of a unique equimolar (approximately 1:1:1 molar ratio) lipid mixture comprising ceramides (~50% by weight), cholesterol (~25%), and non-esterified free fatty acids (~15%). Lamellar bodies synthesize and store glucosylceramides, sphingomyelin, and phospholipids along with lipid-processing enzymes (e.g., beta-glucocerebrosidase, acid sphingomyelinase, secretory phospholipase A2), which enzymatically convert precursor lipids into the hydrophobic lamellar sheets necessary for barrier competence.

About the Egyptian Board Dermatology & Venereology Exam

The Egyptian Board in Dermatology & Venereology (الأمراض الجلدية والتناسلية) is the national postgraduate medical qualification awarded by the Egyptian Health Council (EHC), established pursuant to Law No. 12 of 2022 and its Executive Regulations (Decree No. 3798 of 2023), consolidating and replacing the former Egyptian Fellowship (الزمالة المصرية). The 4-year residency program delivers structured, competency-based training encompassing fundamental cutaneous sciences, clinical inflammatory dermatoses, autoimmune bullous diseases, cutaneous infectious diseases, sexually transmitted infections, dermatosurgery, lasers, and cutaneous oncology. Important disclosure: Part Three is a dedicated clinical examination featuring OSCE stations, 2x2 slide projections, and clinical stations; this 100-question multiple-choice question bank is an English-language study aid created to strengthen underlying medical knowledge, lesion morphology recognition, diagnostic criteria, and dermatologic therapeutics for Part One and Part Two—it is not a clinical simulation or substitute for hands-on clinical training.

Exam sponsor: Egyptian Health Council (EHC) — Egyptian Board (المجلس الصحي المصري — البورد المصري). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The Egyptian Board in Dermatology & Venereology features a three-part assessment structure governed by the Egyptian Health Council: Part One is a written MCQ examination focusing on basic cutaneous sciences (skin biology & micro-anatomy, immunology of the skin, dermatopathology basics, and pharmacology of topical and systemic dermatologic agents) held twice yearly in March and August, enterable 3 months after starting training (maximum 6 attempts). Part Two is a written MCQ examination focusing on clinical dermatology & venereology (papulosquamous disorders, vesiculobullous diseases, cutaneous infections & infestations, connective tissue diseases, dermatologic surgery & lasers, pediatric dermatology, sexually transmitted infections / venereology, and cutaneous oncology) held twice yearly in April and September. Part Three is an annual clinical examination (held in December/January) consisting of OSCE stations, 2x2 slide projection / clinical data stations, and oral case examinations.

Time Limit

Varies by examination part

Passing Score

Set by psychometric standard-setting (Angoff/Hofstee method); no fixed percentage published

Exam / Certification Fees

Prescribed by Egyptian Health Council regulatory bylaws

Exam sponsor website

Reported exam pass rate: Determined by psychometric standard-setting per diet. Written examination cut scores (Part One and Part Two) are calculated using criterion-referenced standard-setting procedures (Angoff, Modified Angoff, or Hofstee). The Part Three clinical exam uses the Borderline Regression Method. There is no static passing percentage published. Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

20%

Skin Biology, Micro-Anatomy & Cutaneous Immunology

Epidermal strata, keratinocyte differentiation, basement membrane zone ultrastructure, dermo-epidermal junction, melanogenesis, hair and nail biology, Langerhans cells, T-cell subsets, cytokines, and cutaneous innate immunity.

20%

Dermatopathology Basics & Dermatologic Pharmacology

Primary histopathological reaction patterns (spongiotic, interface, acantholytic, granulomatous, panniculitis), direct and indirect immunofluorescence, topical corticosteroid classes, retinoids, immunosuppressants, targeted biologics, and drug safety monitoring.

22%

Inflammatory, Papulosquamous & Connective Tissue Diseases

Psoriasis pathophysiology and management, lichen planus variants, pityriasis rosea, atopic and contact dermatitis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, morphea, and cutaneous vasculitis.

20%

Vesiculobullous Diseases, Cutaneous Infections & Infestations

Pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus, bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, bacterial pyodermas, cutaneous tuberculosis, leprosy (Hansen disease), dermatophytoses, deep fungal infections, viral infections, and scabies.

18%

Cutaneous Oncology, Dermatosurgery, Lasers & Venereology (STIs)

Actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma staging and Breslow depth, cutaneous lymphoma, local anesthetics, surgical margins, lasers and phototherapy, syphilis diagnosis and staging, urethritis syndromes, and genital ulcers.

Preparing for the Egyptian Board Dermatology & Venereology Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Set by psychometric standard-setting (Angoff/Hofstee method); no fixed percentage published
  • Assessment: The Egyptian Board in Dermatology & Venereology features a three-part assessment structure governed by the Egyptian Health Council: Part One is a written MCQ examination focusing on basic cutaneous sciences (skin biology & micro-anatomy, immunology of the skin, dermatopathology basics, and pharmacology of topical and systemic dermatologic agents) held twice yearly in March and August, enterable 3 months after starting training (maximum 6 attempts). Part Two is a written MCQ examination focusing on clinical dermatology & venereology (papulosquamous disorders, vesiculobullous diseases, cutaneous infections & infestations, connective tissue diseases, dermatologic surgery & lasers, pediatric dermatology, sexually transmitted infections / venereology, and cutaneous oncology) held twice yearly in April and September. Part Three is an annual clinical examination (held in December/January) consisting of OSCE stations, 2x2 slide projection / clinical data stations, and oral case examinations.
  • Time limit: Varies by examination part
  • Exam / certification fees: Prescribed by Egyptian Health Council regulatory bylaws Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Egyptian Board Dermatology & Venereology: Suggested Study Strategy

1Master basement membrane zone ultrastructure (hemidesmosomes, lamina lucida, lamina densa, anchoring fibrils) and specific antigenic targets in autoimmune bullous diseases.
2Understand the immunological cascades of psoriasis (IL-23/Th17/IL-17 axis) and atopic dermatitis (Th2 axis) to master biologic therapy indications and contraindications.
3Memorize dermatopathology reaction patterns: interface/lichenoid dermatitis, spongiotic dermatitis, subcorneal vs suprabasal acantholysis, and tuberculoid vs lepromatous granulomas.
4Review clinical venereology algorithms thoroughly: diagnostic serology (treponemal vs non-treponemal tests) for syphilis stages and syndromic STI management guidelines.
5Study dermatosurgical margins, maximum safe doses of lidocaine with and without epinephrine, cryosurgical freeze-thaw cycles, and laser physics (selective photothermolysis).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the governing authority of the Egyptian Board in Dermatology & Venereology?

The Egyptian Board (البورد المصري) is governed by the Egyptian Health Council (EHC / المجلس الصحي المصري), established under Law No. 12 of 2022 and its Executive Regulations (Prime Ministerial Decree No. 3798 of 2023). It unifies postgraduate medical qualification in Egypt, superseding the former Egyptian Fellowship (الزمالة المصرية).

What is the examination structure of the Egyptian Board in Dermatology & Venereology?

The qualification features three distinct parts: Part One is a written MCQ exam covering basic cutaneous sciences (skin biology, micro-anatomy, cutaneous immunology, dermatopathology basics, and pharmacology) held twice yearly in March and August. Part Two is a written MCQ exam focusing on clinical dermatology, venereology, and dermatosurgery held twice yearly in April and September. Part Three is an annual clinical examination held in December/January comprising OSCE stations, 2x2 slide projection / clinical stations, and oral case assessments.

What standard-setting methodology determines the passing score?

There is no fixed published passing percentage. The Egyptian Health Council utilizes psychometric standard-setting methodologies—specifically the Angoff, Modified Angoff, or Hofstee methods—to establish the passing cut score for Part One and Part Two written exams. The Part Three clinical exam cut score is determined using the Borderline Regression Method.

How many attempts are permitted for Part One?

Candidates are eligible to enter the Part One exam after completing 3 months of accredited residency training and are permitted a maximum of six attempts under EHC bylaws.

Does this question bank prepare candidates for Part Three clinical stations?

Part Three is an in-person clinical examination featuring OSCE stations, 2x2 slide projections, and clinical case presentations. This 100-question multiple-choice bank is an English-language theoretical study aid tailored to lesion morphology, diagnostic criteria, and dermatologic therapeutics for Part One and Part Two; it is not an OSCE simulation or a substitute for hospital-based clinical training.

What official syllabus framework guides the examination?

The curriculum is based on the Egyptian Health Council reference framework and LMS training guidelines for Dermatology and Venereology (الأمراض الجلدية والتناسلية), accessible via the official EHC LMS portal.