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Key Facts: Saarland Abitur Economics and Business Exam
Saarland's Wirtschaftslehre
Saarland's Wirtschaftslehre Abitur (eN) is examined by the Ministerium für Bildung und Kultur (MBK) Saarland under the GOS-VO framework.
GOS-VO Saarland
Microeconomics and macroeconomics togeth
Microeconomics and macroeconomics together account for half of typical exam content weighting.
GOS-VO Saarland
Cost accounting and investment appraisal
Cost accounting and investment appraisal (Kosten- und Investitionsrechnung) are core, heavily-tested quantitative skills.
GOS-VO Saarland
Germany's soziale Marktwirtschaft (socia
Germany's soziale Marktwirtschaft (social market economy) model is a recurring economic policy theme.
GOS-VO Saarland
This free practice bank contains 100 que
This free practice bank contains 100 questions covering all major Wirtschaftslehre Abitur (eN) content areas.
GOS-VO Saarland
Sample Saarland Abitur Economics and Business Practice Questions
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1What does the 'Gesetz der Nachfrage' (law of demand) state about the relationship between price and quantity demanded?
A.As the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded typically falls, all else being equal (ceteris paribus)
B.As the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded always rises proportionally
C.Price and quantity demanded have no relationship whatsoever
D.The law of demand applies only to luxury goods, never to necessities
Explanation: The law of demand states that, ceteris paribus, as the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded typically falls, reflecting an inverse price-quantity relationship shown by a downward-sloping demand curve.
2What is 'Preiselastizität der Nachfrage' (price elasticity of demand), calculated as percentage change in quantity demanded divided by percentage change in price?
A.A measure of how responsive quantity demanded is to a change in price
B.A measure describing only how a firm's total costs change with output
C.A term unrelated to microeconomics
D.A measure that is always exactly equal to 1 for every good
Explanation: Price elasticity of demand measures how responsive the quantity demanded of a good is to a change in its price, calculated as %ΔQd / %ΔP.
3A good's price rises from €10 to €12 (a 20% increase), causing quantity demanded to fall from 100 to 80 units (a 20% decrease). What is the price elasticity of demand, and how would it be classified?
A.Elasticity = 1 (unit elastic), since %ΔQd (-20%) divided by %ΔP (20%) equals -1, with the good classified as unit elastic
B.Elasticity = 0, meaning the good is perfectly inelastic
C.Elasticity = 20, an incorrect calculation multiplying rather than dividing the percentages
D.Elasticity cannot be calculated without knowing the good's absolute price level
Explanation: Elasticity = %ΔQd / %ΔP = -20% / 20% = -1 (magnitude 1), meaning the good is unit elastic — quantity demanded changes proportionally with price.
4What distinguishes 'vollkommene Konkurrenz' (perfect competition) as a market form?
A.Many small firms sell identical products with no single firm able to influence market price
B.A single firm dominates the entire market with no competitors
C.Only two firms compete, each significantly influencing market price
D.A market form found only in theoretical models, never approximated in reality
Explanation: Perfect competition is a market form characterized by many small firms selling identical (homogeneous) products, none able to individually influence market price — firms are 'price takers'.
5What is a 'Monopol' (monopoly), a market form at the opposite extreme from perfect competition?
A.A market with a single seller controlling the entire supply of a good with no close substitutes
B.A market with many small, competing sellers of an identical product
C.A term unrelated to microeconomics
D.A market form that always benefits consumers with the lowest possible prices
Explanation: A monopoly is a market with a single seller controlling the entire supply of a good with no close substitutes, allowing significant control over price.
6What is 'Oligopol' (oligopoly), a market form between perfect competition and monopoly?
A.A market dominated by a small number of large firms, each aware of and reacting to competitors' actions
B.A market with an unlimited, unrestricted number of small competing sellers
C.A term unrelated to microeconomics
D.A market form in which firms never consider competitors' likely reactions
Explanation: An oligopoly is a market dominated by a small number of large firms, each aware of and strategically reacting to competitors' pricing and output decisions — common in industries like automobiles or telecommunications.
7What is 'Grenznutzen' (marginal utility), a foundational concept in consumer theory?
A.The additional satisfaction a consumer gains from consuming one more unit of a good
B.The total satisfaction gained from all units of a good consumed combined
C.A term unrelated to microeconomics
D.A quantity that always increases as more units of a good are consumed
Explanation: Marginal utility is the additional satisfaction a consumer gains from consuming one more unit of a good, typically subject to diminishing marginal utility as consumption increases.
8What is a 'Marktgleichgewicht' (market equilibrium), where supply and demand curves intersect?
A.The price and quantity at which the quantity supplied exactly equals the quantity demanded
B.A price level at which quantity supplied always exceeds quantity demanded permanently
C.A term unrelated to microeconomics
D.A condition that can never actually be reached in a real market
Explanation: Market equilibrium is the price and quantity at which the quantity supplied exactly equals the quantity demanded, represented by the intersection of the supply and demand curves.
9What happens to the demand curve for a normal good if consumer income increases, all else being equal?
A.The demand curve shifts to the right, indicating higher quantity demanded at every price level
B.The demand curve shifts to the left, indicating lower quantity demanded at every price level
C.The demand curve does not shift at all, regardless of income changes
D.The supply curve shifts, while the demand curve remains completely unaffected
Explanation: For a normal good, an increase in consumer income shifts the demand curve to the right, indicating that consumers demand a higher quantity at every given price level.
10What is 'Konsumentenrente' (consumer surplus), a measure of consumer welfare in a market?
A.The difference between what consumers are willing to pay for a good and what they actually pay
B.The total amount of money consumers spend on a good in a given period
C.A term unrelated to microeconomics
D.A measure that is always identical in value to producer surplus
Explanation: Consumer surplus is the difference between what consumers are willing to pay for a good (reflected by the demand curve) and what they actually pay (the market price), representing a measure of consumer welfare.
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