100+ Free Czech Bar Aptitude Test Practice Questions

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Czech Bar Aptitude Test Exam

Written test questions

ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025

21 / 25

Written part pass threshold

ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025

CZK 12,500

Official examination fee

ČAK Resolution No. 14/2025

5 members

Oral examination senate

ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025

§§ 5c, 54(2)

Legal Profession Act statutory basis

Act No. 85/1996 Sb.

Administered by ČAK under Act No. 85/1996 Sb. and ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025, the Zkouška způsobilosti qualifies EU/EEA/Swiss lawyers for full admission to the Czech Bar. The fee is CZK 12,500. It features a 6-hour 25-question written test (pass mark 21/25) and a 90-minute oral senate exam.

Sample Czech Bar Aptitude Test Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Czech Bar Aptitude Test exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under Article 37(2) of the Czech Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms (Listina základních práv a svobod), from what procedural stage does an individual have the guaranteed right to legal assistance (právo na právní pomoc) in proceedings before state authorities?

A.Only after formal indictment or service of a statement of defense

B.From the very commencement of proceedings before any court or other state authority

C.Exclusively during oral court hearings on the merits

D.Only after a formal petition for appointment of counsel is approved by a judge

Explanation: Article 37(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms explicitly guarantees that everyone has the right to legal assistance in proceedings before courts, other state bodies, or public administration authorities from the very commencement of such proceedings. This constitutional guarantee applies broadly across judicial, criminal, civil, and administrative procedures.

2Under Section 72(3) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb. on the Constitutional Court, what is the statutory deadline for filing an individual constitutional complaint (ústavní stížnost) against a final decision of a public authority?

A.Within 15 days from the pronouncement of the appellate court judgment

B.Within 30 days from the legal force (právní moc) of the contested decision

C.Within two months from the date of delivery of the decision on the last procedural remedy provided by law

D.Within six months from the date the fundamental rights violation occurred

Explanation: Under Section 72(3) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb., a constitutional complaint must be filed within two months of the delivery of the decision on the last procedural remedy that the law provides to the complainant for the protection of their rights. This deadline is non-extendable and cannot be waived.

3Under Section 30(1) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb., what rule governs legal representation of natural and legal persons in proceedings before the Czech Constitutional Court (Ústavní soud)?

A.Representation by an advocate (advokát) is mandatory for all natural and legal persons as parties or secondary parties

B.Representation by an advocate is optional unless the value of the underlying dispute exceeds CZK 500,000

C.Any person with a Master's degree in law may represent themselves or others without being admitted to the Bar

D.Representation by an advocate is required only during the public oral hearing before the plenary court

Explanation: Section 30(1) requires natural and legal persons appearing as parties or secondary parties before the Constitutional Court to be represented by an advocate. The rule applies to the proceeding from the filing stage, regardless of dispute value or the party's own legal education.

4According to Article 10 of the Constitution of the Czech Republic (Ústava České republiky), what is the legal effect of promulgated international treaties ratified with parliamentary consent?

A.They serve as non-binding interpretative guidance subordinate to all Czech statutory enactments

B.They take precedence over the Czech Constitution and can modify the constitutional order directly

C.They require transposition into an ordinary Act of Parliament before producing any internal legal effect

D.They are part of the legal order and take precedence over domestic statutes if the treaty stipulates otherwise

Explanation: Article 10 of the Czech Constitution provides that promulgated international treaties whose ratification was approved by Parliament and which bind the Czech Republic are part of the legal order; if an international treaty stipulates something other than a statute, the international treaty shall be applied. However, such treaties do not take precedence over the constitutional order itself.

5Which of the following entities has statutory standing to petition the Constitutional Court to annul an ordinary statute (zrušení zákona) under Section 64(1) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb.?

A.Any citizen registered on the electoral roll who collects 10,000 supporting signatures

B.A group of at least 41 Deputies of the Chamber of Deputies or a group of at least 17 Senators

C.The Czech Bar Association (ČAK) acting on behalf of its members

D.A municipal council of any statutory city or regional authority

Explanation: Section 64(1) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb. establishes that a petition to annul a statute or individual provisions thereof may be submitted by the President of the Republic, a group of at least 41 Deputies, a group of at least 17 Senators, a senate of the Constitutional Court in connection with decision-making on a constitutional complaint, or an ordinary court in connection with its decision-making under Article 95(2) of the Constitution.

6Under Section 13 of Act No. 182/1993 Sb., what voting majority of the 15-member Plenary of the Constitutional Court (Plénum Ústavního soudu) is required to adopt a judgment annulling a statute for unconstitutionality?

A.A simple majority of Justices present at the voting session

B.An absolute majority of all appointed Justices (at least eight Justices)

C.At least nine Justices voting in favor of the annulment

D.A unanimous vote of all fifteen Justices of the Constitutional Court

Explanation: Section 13 of Act No. 182/1993 Sb. mandates that the Plenary of the Constitutional Court decides to annul a statute or other legal regulation (or their individual provisions) by a qualified majority of at least nine Justices voting in favor. For ordinary procedural matters in the plenum, a simple majority of present justices suffices.

7According to established jurisprudence of the Czech Constitutional Court, what constitutional right under the Charter of Fundamental Rights is violated if a court of last instance arbitrarily refuses to submit a preliminary reference to the CJEU under Article 267 TFEU?

A.The right to a statutory judge (právo na zákonného soudce) under Article 38(1) of the Charter

B.The right to freedom of movement and residence under Article 14 of the Charter

C.The right to compensation for state damage under Article 36(3) of the Charter exclusively

D.The prohibition of forced labor under Article 9 of the Charter

Explanation: The Constitutional Court (e.g., in leading judgments Pl. ÚS 29/09 and II. ÚS 1009/08) has ruled that if a national court of last instance arbitrarily fails to make a preliminary reference to the Court of Justice of the European Union pursuant to Article 267(3) TFEU without fulfilling the CILFIT criteria, it deprives the party of their constitutional right to their lawful statutory judge (právo na zákonného soudce) under Article 38(1) of the Charter.

8Under Section 75(1) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb., what is the principle of subsidiarity governing the admissibility of an individual constitutional complaint?

A.A complaint may only be filed if the Constitutional Court explicitly grants preliminary leave to appeal

B.A complaint is admissible only if the European Court of Human Rights has already delivered an admissibility ruling

C.A complaint can only be filed if the Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court concur on the legal question

D.A complaint is inadmissible if the complainant has not exhausted all procedural remedies provided by law for the protection of their rights

Explanation: Section 75(1) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb. incorporates the principle of subsidiarity, stating that a constitutional complaint is inadmissible if the complainant has not exhausted all procedural remedies that the law provides for the protection of their rights, with the exception of a petition to reopen proceedings (obnova řízení).

9Under Section 75(2)(a) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb., when may the Constitutional Court refuse to reject a constitutional complaint even though all ordinary remedies have not been exhausted?

A.Whenever the complainant lacks sufficient financial resources to pay an advocate for ordinary appeals

B.When the complaint substantially exceeds the personal interests of the complainant and was filed within one year of the contested act

C.Only when the Ministry of Justice issues an extraordinary certificate of public urgency

D.Whenever the contested decision involves an administrative fine exceeding CZK 1,000,000

Explanation: Under Section 75(2)(a) of Act No. 182/1993 Sb., the Constitutional Court will not reject a complaint despite non-exhaustion of remedies if the complaint's significance substantially exceeds the personal interests of the complainant and it was submitted within one year of the occurrence of the decisive event.

10Under Article 2(3) of the Czech Constitution and Article 2(2) of the Charter, what core constitutional principle governs the exercise of state authority in the Czech Republic?

A.State administrative authorities possess inherent power to act whenever not explicitly prohibited by statute

B.State power may disregard procedural statutory constraints during declared fiscal emergencies

C.State power may be asserted only in cases, within bounds, and by methods established by law

D.Public bodies are bound by statutory rules only when exercising punitive administrative jurisdiction

Explanation: Article 2(3) of the Constitution and Article 2(2) of the Charter enshrine the principle of legality (zásada enumerativnosti veřejnoprávních pretenzí), providing that state power may be asserted only in cases, within the bounds, and in the manner provided by law. By contrast, private individuals may do anything not prohibited by law (Article 2(4) Constitution, Article 2(3) Charter).

About the Czech Bar Aptitude Test Exam

The Zkouška způsobilosti is the statutory aptitude examination administered by the Czech Bar Association (Česká advokátní komora — ČAK) under Sections 5c and 54(2) of Act No. 85/1996 Sb. It allows qualifying EU/EEA/Swiss lawyers to demonstrate knowledge of Czech law and professional rules for full admission to the Czech Bar. The official examination is in Czech or Slovak. This English-language MCQ bank is a study adaptation; it is not an official translation and does not simulate the oral component.

Assessment

Under Sections 5c and 54(2) of Act No. 85/1996 Sb. and ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025, the examination has a written part (up to 6 hours, 25 single-answer questions, open-book, pass mark 21/25) in civil law, criminal law, and the candidate's selected field, followed by an oral part (up to 90 minutes before a five-member senate) covering constitutional, civil, criminal, and professional-regulation fields plus one selection from administrative, commercial, family, or labour law.

Time Limit

Written part: up to 6 hours; oral part: up to 90 minutes

Passing Score

At least 21/25 on the written test (the ČAK page labels this 85%), followed by majority pass vote of the oral senate

Exam Fee

CZK 12,500 (Česká advokátní komora (ČAK))

Czech Bar Aptitude Test Exam Content Outline

25%

Civil Law and Procedure

Substantive civil law under the Civil Code (Act No. 89/2012 Sb.), contract formation, breach, property rights, torts, family, inheritance, and civil court procedure under the Civil Procedure Code (Act No. 99/1963 Sb.).

20%

Constitutional Law and Access to Justice

The Constitution of the Czech Republic, Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, Constitutional Court proceedings (Act No. 182/1993 Sb.), constitutional complaints, and European human rights standards.

20%

Criminal Law and Procedure

General and special parts of the Criminal Code (Act No. 40/2009 Sb.), defenses, sentencing, criminal procedure (Act No. 141/1961 Sb.), pre-trial detention, and rights of defense counsel.

20%

Legal Profession Regulations and Professional Ethics

Act No. 85/1996 Sb., rules governing European lawyers (§ 35a-35t), ČAK Code of Conduct, client confidentiality, conflict of interest rules, attorney tariffs (Decree No. 177/1996 Sb.), escrow of funds, and disciplinary proceedings.

15%

Selected Fields: Administrative and Commercial Law

Administrative Procedure Code (Act No. 500/2004 Sb.), judicial review of administrative acts (Act No. 150/2002 Sb.), Business Corporations Act (Act No. 90/2012 Sb.), corporate governance, director liability, and Labour Code (Act No. 262/2006 Sb.).

How to Pass the Czech Bar Aptitude Test Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: At least 21/25 on the written test (the ČAK page labels this 85%), followed by majority pass vote of the oral senate
Assessment: Under Sections 5c and 54(2) of Act No. 85/1996 Sb. and ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025, the examination has a written part (up to 6 hours, 25 single-answer questions, open-book, pass mark 21/25) in civil law, criminal law, and the candidate's selected field, followed by an oral part (up to 90 minutes before a five-member senate) covering constitutional, civil, criminal, and professional-regulation fields plus one selection from administrative, commercial, family, or labour law.
Time limit: Written part: up to 6 hours; oral part: up to 90 minutes
Exam fee: CZK 12,500

Keys to Passing

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Czech Bar Aptitude Test Study Tips from Top Performers

1Familiarize yourself with exact Czech legal terminology (e.g. smlouva o smlouvě budoucí, promlčení, vklad do katastru nemovitostí, nutná obrana, vazba, ústavní stížnost, usazený evropský advokát).

2Pay special attention to the cross-border provisions of Act No. 85/1996 Sb. (§ 35a-35t), particularly the statutory scope of practice for European lawyers, joint practice rules, and representation in Czech courts.

3Thoroughly review ČAK professional conduct regulations, including Decree No. 177/1996 Sb. (Advokátní tarif), rules on attorney escrow (advokátní úschova), and conflict of interest standards.

4Understand the procedural distinctions between ordinary civil appeals (odvolání), extraordinary appeals (dovolání) before the Supreme Court, and constitutional complaints (ústavní stížnost) before the Constitutional Court.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Zkouška způsobilosti ČAK?

The Zkouška způsobilosti is the statutory aptitude test administered by the Czech Bar Association under Sections 5c and 54(2) of Act No. 85/1996 Sb. It enables qualifying EU/EEA/Swiss lawyers to obtain full admission as Czech advocates (advokáti).

Who is eligible to take the Zkouška způsobilosti?

European lawyers who have obtained professional legal qualifications in another EU or EEA member state or Switzerland under Directive 98/5/EC and Directive 2005/36/EC, including established European lawyers (usazení evropští advokáti) registered with ČAK.

What is the format and duration of the examination?

Under ČAK Resolution No. 4/2025, the examination consists of an open-book written part lasting up to 6 hours with 25 single-answer questions, followed by an oral examination lasting up to 90 minutes before a five-member senate.

What is the passing standard for the Zkouška způsobilosti?

Candidates must achieve at least 21 correct answers out of 25 on the written part to advance to the oral examination. The current ČAK page describes that threshold as 85%, although 21/25 is arithmetically 84%; this bank preserves the operative count. The oral senate then decides by majority vote whether the candidate has passed ('složil') or failed ('nesložil').

What is the fee for the examination?

The examination fee is CZK 12,500 under ČAK Resolution No. 14/2025, effective from 1 January 2026.

In what languages is the official examination offered?

Under Act No. 85/1996 Sb., the official examination is conducted in Czech or Slovak. This English-language practice question bank is a specialized study adaptation designed to help European lawyers master core Czech statutory concepts and terminology.