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Bangladesh Bar Council Advocate Enrolment MCQ (Preliminary) Examination

Practice Questions100 questions

2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Bar Council Written Exam

100 marks

Exam Total

Bangladesh Bar Council

4 hours

Exam Duration

Bangladesh Bar Council

50%

Passing Score

Bangladesh Bar Council

6 subjects

Syllabus Subjects

Bar Council Order 1972

1 year

Specific Performance Limit

Limitation Act Art 113

9 years

Criminal Responsibility Age

Penal Code Sec 82

The Bangladesh Bar Council Written Exam is a 4-hour descriptive exam worth 100 marks, with a passing score of 50%. It tests CPC & Specific Relief Act (30 marks), CrPC (15 marks), Penal Code (15 marks), Evidence Act (15 marks), Limitation Act (15 marks), and Professional Ethics & Bar Council Rules (10 marks). Candidates must pass the Preliminary MCQ to sit for this exam, and passing here qualifies them for the Viva-Voce.

Sample Bar Council Written Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Bar Council Written exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under Section 10 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), 1908, which of the following is correct regarding the stay of a civil suit (Res Sub-Judice)?

A.The court must dismiss the subsequent suit if the matter in issue is also directly in issue in a previously instituted suit.

B.The court is barred from staying a suit if the previously instituted suit is pending in a foreign court.

C.The court is required to stay the trial of a subsequent suit, but is not barred from passing interim or interlocutory orders.

D.The stay of suit applies even if the parties in the two suits are entirely different and claiming under different titles.

Explanation: Section 10 of the CPC (Res Sub-Judice) bars the trial of a subsequently instituted suit if the matter in issue is directly and substantially in issue in a previously instituted suit between the same parties. However, this stay only applies to the 'trial' of the suit, meaning the court is not prevented from passing interim or interlocutory orders, such as temporary injunctions or the appointment of a receiver. A pending suit in a foreign court does not prevent courts in Bangladesh from trying a suit founded on the same cause of action (Section 10 Explanation).

2A files a suit against B for recovery of possession of land. The suit is dismissed on merits. A then files a second suit against B for the same land, but bases the claim on a different title which A could have raised in the first suit. How is the second suit affected by Res Judicata under Section 11 of the CPC?

A.The second suit is maintainable because the ground of title in the second suit is completely new and was not decided in the first suit.

B.The second suit is barred by constructive Res Judicata under Explanation IV of Section 11 because the new ground of title ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in the first suit.

C.The second suit is not barred because Res Judicata only applies to the main issues actually decided, not to potential issues that were omitted.

D.The second suit is maintainable with the permission of the District Judge, as it is a matter of judicial discretion.

Explanation: Explanation IV to Section 11 of the CPC defines constructive Res Judicata. It states that any matter which might and ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in a former suit shall be deemed to have been a matter directly and substantially in issue in such suit. Since A could and should have raised the alternative title in the first suit, the second suit is barred by constructive Res Judicata.

3For a decision in a former suit to operate as Res Judicata between co-defendants in a subsequent suit, which of the following conditions must be satisfied?

A.There must be a conflict of interest between the co-defendants, it must be necessary to decide the conflict to give the plaintiff relief, and the question must be finally decided.

B.The co-defendants must have filed a joint written statement in the former suit expressing agreement on all points.

C.The plaintiff in the subsequent suit must have been a witness for one of the co-defendants in the former suit.

D.The court in the former suit must have explicitly stated in the judgment that the decision would bind the co-defendants in future litigation.

Explanation: Res Judicata between co-defendants applies if: (1) there is a conflict of interest between the co-defendants; (2) it is necessary to decide this conflict in order to give the plaintiff the relief he claims; and (3) the question between the co-defendants is finally decided. Without these elements, a judgment in a former suit does not bind co-defendants in subsequent litigation.

4A wishes to file a suit against B for the recovery of immovable property. The property is situated partly within the jurisdiction of Court X and partly within the jurisdiction of Court Y. Under Section 17 of the CPC, where can A file the suit?

A.A must file two separate suits, one in Court X for the portion in X, and another in Court Y for the portion in Y.

B.A can file the suit in either Court X or Court Y, provided that the entire claim is cognizable by such Court as regards value.

C.A must file the suit in the court of the District Judge who has administrative control over both Court X and Court Y.

D.A can only file the suit in the court within whose jurisdiction the major portion of the property by value is situated.

Explanation: Under Section 17 of the CPC, where a suit is to obtain relief respecting, or compensation for wrong to, immovable property situate within the jurisdiction of different Courts, the suit may be instituted in any Court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction any portion of the property is situate. However, the entire claim must be within the pecuniary jurisdiction of that court.

5Under Section 20 of the CPC, which of the following is the correct rule for determining the place of suing for suits other than those relating to immovable property?

A.The suit must be instituted only where the plaintiff resides or personally works for gain.

B.The suit must be instituted where the cause of action arises, wholly or in part, or where the defendant resides, carries on business, or personally works for gain.

C.The suit can be filed anywhere in Bangladesh at the absolute discretion of the plaintiff, subject to pecuniary limits.

D.The suit must be filed in the High Court Division if the defendants reside in different districts of Bangladesh.

Explanation: Section 20 of the CPC provides that every suit (other than those covered by Sections 16-19) shall be instituted in a Court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction the defendant (or each of the defendants, where there are more than one, at the time of the commencement of the suit) actually and voluntarily resides, carries on business, or personally works for gain, or where the cause of action arises, wholly or in part.

6Which of the following is correct regarding the power of transfer and withdrawal of civil suits under Section 24 of the CPC?

A.The power of transfer can only be exercised by the High Court Division, and not by the District Court.

B.The court can only transfer a suit upon an application by a party, and cannot do so on its own motion.

C.The District Court or High Court Division may at any stage transfer any suit, appeal or other proceeding pending before it to any subordinate court competent to try it.

D.A suit cannot be withdrawn from a subordinate court and tried by the transferring court itself.

Explanation: Section 24 of the CPC vests general power of transfer and withdrawal in both the High Court Division and the District Court. The court may, at any stage, either on the application of a party (with notice) or of its own motion (without notice), transfer any suit, appeal, or proceeding to any subordinate court competent to try it, or withdraw any suit and try it itself or transfer it to another court.

7Which of the following is NOT a valid ground for the rejection of a plaint under Order VII, Rule 11 of the CPC?

A.Where the plaint does not disclose a cause of action.

B.Where the relief claimed is undervalued, and the plaintiff, on being required by the Court to correct the valuation within a time to be fixed by the Court, fails to do so.

C.Where the suit appears from the statement in the plaint to be barred by any law.

D.Where the defendant files an application showing that the facts stated in the plaint are false and fabricated.

Explanation: Order VII, Rule 11 lists the specific grounds for rejection of a plaint, which include: (a) no cause of action, (b) undervaluation not corrected in time, (c) insufficient stamp not corrected in time, and (d) suit barred by law. A claim by the defendant that the plaint's facts are false is a matter of trial and defense, and is not a ground for rejection of the plaint under Rule 11.

8What is the legal effect of an order rejecting a plaint under Order VII, Rule 11 of the CPC, and can the plaintiff file a fresh suit on the same cause of action?

A.Rejection of a plaint is not a decree; therefore, the plaintiff must file a revision, and cannot file a fresh suit.

B.Rejection of a plaint is deemed a decree under Section 2(2); however, under Order VII, Rule 13, it does not preclude the plaintiff from presenting a fresh plaint on the same cause of action.

C.Rejection of a plaint operates as Res Judicata, barring any fresh suit on the same cause of action.

D.The plaintiff can only appeal to the District Judge to have the plaint restored, but cannot file a new suit under any circumstances.

Explanation: Under Section 2(2) of the CPC, the definition of a 'decree' explicitly includes the rejection of a plaint. It is therefore an appealable order. However, Order VII, Rule 13 clarifies that the rejection of the plaint on any of the grounds hereinbefore mentioned shall not of its own force preclude the plaintiff from presenting a fresh plaint in respect of the same cause of action.

9Under Order VI, Rule 17 of the CPC, what is the general rule regarding the amendment of pleadings in Bangladesh?

A.Amendments can only be allowed before the issues are framed, and never after that.

B.The Court may at any stage of the proceedings allow either party to alter or amend his pleadings in such manner and on such terms as may be just.

C.Amendments are allowed as a matter of right to any party once, without requiring the Court's permission.

D.An amendment can only be allowed if it completely changes the character and nature of the suit.

Explanation: Order VI, Rule 17 provides that the Court may at any stage of the proceedings allow either party to alter or amend his pleadings in such manner and on such terms as may be just, and all such amendments shall be made as may be necessary for the purpose of determining the real questions in controversy between the parties. However, amendments that alter the fundamental character of the suit or cause prejudice that cannot be compensated by costs are generally disallowed.

10Under Order VIII, Rule 1 of the CPC (as amended in Bangladesh), what is the maximum time limit (including any extension) allowed to a defendant for filing a written statement from the date of service of summons?

A.30 days total, with no possibility of extension.

B.30 working days, which can be extended by the court up to a maximum of 60 working days in total.

C.30 days, which can be extended by the court for a further period not exceeding 30 days, making a total of 60 days.

D.90 days, with an automatic extension of 30 days if the defendant resides outside the district.

Explanation: In Bangladesh, under Order VIII, Rule 1 of the CPC (amended by the Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2003), the defendant is required to present a written statement of his defense within 30 days from the date of service of summons. If the defendant fails to file it within 30 days, the court may allow a further period of time, but such further time must not exceed 30 days. Thus, the absolute maximum period is 60 days.

About the Bar Council Written Exam

The Bangladesh Bar Council Written Examination is the second stage of the advocate enrolment process, following the Preliminary (MCQ) exam. It tests candidates' analytical, problem-solving, and drafting capabilities in six key legal areas: the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), the Penal Code, the Evidence Act, the Limitation Act, the Specific Relief Act, and Professional Ethics. Passing the written exam is a prerequisite for appearing in the final Viva-Voce examination and gaining the licence to practice law in Bangladesh.

Assessment

Written descriptive papers containing problem-solving, theoretical, and drafting questions (simulated here as 100 analytical practice MCQs)

Time Limit

4 hours

Passing Score

50% (50 marks out of 100)

Exam Fee

~BDT 4,000 (Bangladesh Bar Council)

Bar Council Written Exam Content Outline

30%

CPC & Specific Relief Act

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (suits, pleadings, temporary injunctions, revisions) & Specific Relief Act, 1877 (summary suits, specific performance, declarations, mandatory injunctions)

15%

Code of Criminal Procedure

Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (FIR, arrest, remand, trials, revisions, appeals, bail provisions, inherent powers)

15%

The Penal Code

The Penal Code, 1860 (general exceptions, common intention/object, offences against body/property like murder, hurt, theft, extortion)

15%

The Evidence Act

The Evidence Act, 1872 (relevancy, confessions, discovery of facts, dying declarations, expert opinion, burden of proof, estoppel, privilege)

15%

The Limitation Act

The Limitation Act, 1908 (condonation of delay, legal disability, continuous running of time, exclusions of time, prescription, limitation articles)

10%

Professional Ethics & Bar Council Rules

Bangladesh Legal Practitioners and Bar Council Order and Rules, 1972 (Canons of Professional Conduct, Enrolment Committee, misconduct, Tribunals)

How to Pass the Bar Council Written Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 50% (50 marks out of 100)
Assessment: Written descriptive papers containing problem-solving, theoretical, and drafting questions (simulated here as 100 analytical practice MCQs)
Time limit: 4 hours
Exam fee: ~BDT 4,000

Keys to Passing

Complete 500+ practice questions
Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
Focus on highest-weighted sections
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Bar Council Written Study Tips from Top Performers

1Focus on analytical and problem-based questions, as the written exam frequently presents hypothetical legal disputes where you must apply the correct section and draft petitions.

2Learn the structure of civil and criminal drafting, including plaints (Order VII CPC), written statements (Order VIII CPC), and bail applications (Sections 497/498 CrPC).

3Memorize key section numbers and amendments in Bangladesh law, such as Section 21A SRA (2005 registration requirement) and Section 82 Penal Code (9 years age of criminal responsibility).

4Understand the exact limitations periods under the Limitation Act articles, such as 6 months for Section 9 SRA suits and 1 year for specific performance suits under Article 113.

5Study the Bar Council Order & Rules, 1972, especially the Canons of Professional Conduct and Etiquette regarding client confidentiality and conflict of interest.

6Review past written exam question papers to identify recurring patterns, especially the mandatory questions in civil and criminal procedure sections.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the structure of the Bangladesh Bar Council Written Exam?

The written exam is a pen-and-paper descriptive test of 100 marks, lasting 4 hours. It consists of multiple sections corresponding to the syllabus subjects. Candidates must write essay-type, analytical, problem-solving, or legal drafting answers (such as drafting plaints, written statements, or bail petitions).

What are the subjects covered in the written exam?

The syllabus consists of: (1) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 and Specific Relief Act, 1877 (30 marks); (2) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (15 marks); (3) Penal Code, 1860 (15 marks); (4) Evidence Act, 1872 (15 marks); (5) Limitation Act, 1908 (15 marks); and (6) Professional Ethics, Bar Council Order & Rules, 1972 (10 marks).

What is the passing mark for the Bar Council written exam?

The passing mark is 50% (50 marks out of 100). Candidates who obtain 50 or more marks are qualified to appear in the subsequent Viva-Voce (oral) examination.

How long is a pass in the Preliminary (MCQ) exam valid for the written exam?

A candidate who passes the Preliminary MCQ exam is typically allowed to sit for two consecutive written examinations. If they fail the written exam twice, they must re-appear and pass the Preliminary MCQ exam again.