100+ Free Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Practice Questions

Prepare for the Provimi i Kualifikimit për Ushtrimin e Profesionit të Avokatit në Republikën e Shqipërisë (Albanian Bar Examination) exam with instant access — no signup required.

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Key Facts: Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Exam

Law No. 55/2018

Governing Law

Kuvendi i Shqipërisë - Law on the Profession of Advocate

DHKA

Administering Body

Dhoma Kombëtare e Avokatisë (National Bar Association)

4 hours (240 min)

Exam Duration

DHKA Examination Regulations

150 points

Maximum Score

DHKA Examination Scoring Guide

76 points (50% + 1)

Pass Threshold

DHKA Examination Passing Standards

1-year traineeship + School of Advocacy

Mandatory Training

Law No. 55/2018, Article 13(2), letters 'c' and 'ç'

Maximum 4 attempts, 6 months apart

Retake Limit

Law No. 55/2018, Article 21(4)-(5)

Mandatory national licensing exam for Albanian law graduates seeking admission to the Bar, organized by DHKA in a 4-hour written session scored out of 150 points (76-point pass mark). This English-language prep bank delivers 100 practice questions mapped to the 11 official blueprint domains; it is a study adaptation, not an official translation or format simulation.

Sample Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, what is the mandatory time limit for an individual to file an individual constitutional complaint (ankim kushtetues individual) before the Constitutional Court following the exhaustion of all effective ordinary legal remedies?

A.Within 30 days from the date the final judicial decision was delivered to the party

B.Within 4 months from the ascertainment of the violation of the right, once effective legal remedies have been exhausted

C.Within 6 months from the date the alleged violation of fundamental rights occurred

D.Within 1 year from the conclusion of the first-instance judicial proceedings

Explanation: Article 71/a of Law No. 8577/2000 'On the Organization and Functioning of the Constitutional Court' (as amended by Law No. 99/2016) sets cumulative admissibility criteria for the individual complaint: all effective legal remedies must be exhausted, the applicant must have suffered a direct and actual negative consequence, and the complaint must be filed within 4 months from the ascertainment of the violation of the right.

2Which constitutional body is responsible for managing the judicial career, ethical standards, discipline, and appointment of first-instance and appellate judges in the Republic of Albania following the 2016 Judicial Reform?

A.The Ministry of Justice (Ministria e Drejtësisë)

B.The High Judicial Council (Këshilli i Lartë Gjyqësor - KLGj)

C.The High Prosecutorial Council (Këshilli i Lartë i Prokurorisë - KLP)

D.The High Court of Albania (Gjykata e Lartë)

Explanation: Under Article 147 of the Constitution of the Republic of Albania (amended by Law No. 76/2016), the High Judicial Council (Këshilli i Lartë Gjyqësor - KLGj) is the independent constitutional body tasked with guaranteeing the independence, accountability, career progression, evaluation, and discipline of judges across first-instance and appellate courts.

3Under Article 17 of the Albanian Constitution, any limitation of fundamental human rights and freedoms must satisfy which strict legal criteria?

A.It must be established solely by sub-legal normative acts of the Council of Ministers based on economic expediency

B.It may only be established by law, for an established public interest or protection of the rights of others, and must be proportionate to the objective pursued

C.It may be enacted by municipal councils whenever local public safety demands urgent measures

D.It requires prior unanimous approval from the High Prosecutorial Council and the Ombudsman

Explanation: Article 17 of the Albanian Constitution establishes the principle of proportionality: limitations on fundamental rights and freedoms may be established only by law (statute enacted by Parliament), in the public interest or to protect the rights of others, must be proportionate to the situation, and cannot impair the core essence of the right.

4In the hierarchy of normative acts in the Republic of Albania pursuant to Article 116 of the Constitution, which of the following is positioned directly below the Constitution and ratified international agreements?

A.Decisions of the Council of Ministers (VKM)

B.Normative Acts of the Council of Ministers with the force of law

C.Primary statutes enacted by the Assembly of Albania (Ligjet)

D.Instructions of individual Ministers

Explanation: Article 116(1) of the Constitution sets out the formal hierarchy of normative acts: (a) the Constitution, (b) ratified international agreements, (c) laws (statutes passed by the Assembly), (d) normative acts of the Council of Ministers with the force of law, (e) other decisions and regulations of the Council of Ministers, and (f) acts of ministers and local government.

5Which specialized constitutional institution investigates disciplinary violations and initiates disciplinary proceedings against judges and prosecutors before the High Judicial Council and High Prosecutorial Council in Albania?

A.The Special Anti-Corruption Structure (SPAK)

B.The High Justice Inspector (Inspektori i Lartë i Drejtësisë - ILD)

C.The People's Advocate (Avokati i Popullit)

D.The State Supreme Audit Institution (KLSH)

Explanation: Under Article 147/d of the Albanian Constitution, the High Justice Inspector (ILD) is the sole constitutional authority responsible for verifying complaints, conducting inspections, investigating disciplinary violations, and initiating disciplinary proceedings against all judges and prosecutors in the Republic of Albania.

6When ordinary courts in Albania find that a primary law applicable to a pending case is incompatible with the Constitution, what procedural action must the presiding judge take under Article 145(2) of the Constitution?

A.Declare the primary law null and void and strike it from the legal order immediately

B.Suspend the ongoing judicial proceedings and submit a request to the Constitutional Court for incidental constitutional review (kontroll incidental)

C.Disregard the constitutional contradiction and apply the statute without exception

D.Refer the legal question to the Minister of Justice for binding statutory interpretation

Explanation: Article 145(2) of the Albanian Constitution governs incidental constitutional review: if a court considers that a statute conflicts with the Constitution, it cannot strike down the statute itself; it must suspend the trial and send the case to the Constitutional Court for a definitive ruling on constitutionality.

7Under the Albanian Constitution, what is the special qualified majority required in the Assembly (Kuvendi) to approve amendments to the Constitution?

A.A simple majority of all deputies present in the session

B.An absolute majority (more than half) of all members of the Assembly

C.At least two-thirds (2/3) of all members of the Assembly

D.At least three-fifths (3/5) of all members of the Assembly

Explanation: Pursuant to Article 177(3) of the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, a proposed constitutional amendment must be approved by not less than two-thirds (2/3) of all members of the Assembly (at least 94 out of 140 deputies).

8Under Article 6 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Albania (Law No. 7850/1994), at what point does a natural person acquire full legal capacity to act (zotësia për të vepruar)?

A.At the moment of birth, provided the child is born alive

B.Upon reaching the age of 14 years, with parental consent

C.Upon reaching the age of 18 years, or upon entering into a lawful marriage before 18

D.Upon completion of mandatory secondary education and registration in the civil registry

Explanation: Article 6 of the Albanian Civil Code establishes that full legal capacity to act (zotësia për të vepruar) is acquired upon reaching the age of majority at 18 years, or earlier upon contracting a lawful marriage under statutory authorization.

9What is the general statutory prescription period (afati i përgjithshëm i parashkrimit të padisë) for civil claims under Article 114 of the Civil Code of Albania, unless a specific statutory exception applies?

A.3 years

B.5 years

C.10 years

D.20 years

Explanation: Article 114 of the Albanian Civil Code provides that, where the law does not prescribe otherwise, all claims between legal persons, between them and natural persons, and between natural persons themselves prescribe within 10 years. Article 113 is the neighbouring provision listing the claims that never prescribe, and Article 115 sets the shorter special periods.

10Under Article 115 of the Albanian Civil Code, which of the following civil actions is subject to a shorter 3-year statutory prescription period?

A.A claim for recovery of real property through a vindication lawsuit (padia e rivendikimit)

B.Claims for the payment of rent on dwellings, shops and other immovables, and claims for compensation of non-contractual damage (dëmi jokontraktor) or recovery of unjustified enrichment

C.A claim for the division of co-owned inheritance assets

D.A claim for declaration of absolute nullity of an unlawful contract

Explanation: Article 115 sets the short special periods. Exactly two of them run for three years: letter 'd' for claims to be paid rent on dwellings, shops, business premises and other immovables, and letter 'dh' for claims to compensate non-contractual damage and to recover property benefit obtained without right. The other letters run for six months (evaluative penalty clauses, direct land/air transport), one year (forwarding contracts, non-pecuniary damage to honour or reputation) or two years (insurance and reinsurance indemnity).

About the Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Exam

The Albanian Bar Exam (Provimi i Kualifikimit për Ushtrimin e Profesionit të Avokatit / Provimi i Avokatisë) is the mandatory professional qualification examination required to obtain the title of Advocate (Avokat) and full license to practice law in the Republic of Albania. Regulated by Law No. 55/2018 ('Për Profesionin e Avokatit në Republikën e Shqipërisë') and the Statute of the National Bar Association of Albania (Dhoma Kombëtare e Avokatisë - DHKA), the exam assesses candidate readiness across 11 foundational areas: Constitutional Law, Civil & Commercial Law, Civil Procedure, Civil Case Practical Analysis, Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, Criminal Case Practical Analysis, Administrative Law, Labor Law, Family Law, and the Law on Advocacy & Code of Professional Ethics. Candidates must achieve at least 76 points out of 150 to pass. Note: the official exam is administered in Albanian (Shqip); this OpenExamPrep question bank provides an English-language multiple-choice study adaptation, not an official translation or format simulation.

Assessment

A single 4-hour (240-minute) written examination session administered by the Examination Commission of DHKA. It comprises theoretical essay/synthesis questions (10-20 points each) and practical legal case analyses in civil/civil procedure (20 points) and criminal/criminal procedure (20 points), totaling 150 points.

Time Limit

4 hours (240 minutes)

Passing Score

At least 50% + 1 of total points (76 out of 150 maximum points)

Exam Fee

Registration fee set case by case by the Steering Committee, which fixes it by the end of January each year together with the exam dates; the fee is non-refundable except where the candidate does not sit the exam (Dhoma Kombëtare e Avokatisë (DHKA))

Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Exam Content Outline

10 points (6.7%)

Constitutional Law

Fundamental constitutional principles, separation of powers, judicial system organization (KLGj, KLP, High Court, Constitutional Court), human rights protections, and individual constitutional complaints (ankimi kushtetues individual).

20 points (13.3%)

Civil Law & Commercial Law

General civil law principles, legal capacity, prescription periods, property law (ownership, possession, real rights, vindication), law of obligations (contracts, invalidity, non-performance, tort liability), and commercial companies under Law No. 9901/2008 (SHPK, SHA, registration, corporate governance).

10 points (6.7%)

Civil Procedure Law

Civil jurisdiction and competence, procedural representation, legal standing, evidence rules, claim requirements, interim protective measures (sigurimi i padisë), judgment execution, and appeal mechanisms (Appeals Court, High Court recourse, review).

20 points (13.3%)

Practical Case Study: Civil & Civil Procedure

Practical application of substantive civil/commercial law and procedural rules to real-world disputes, including contract breach remedies, property boundaries, damages claims, and procedural motions.

20 points (13.3%)

Criminal Law

Elements of criminal offenses (crimes and misdemeanors), mens rea (intent and negligence), attempt, complicity, justification grounds (self-defense, necessity), penalties, probation (Article 59), and specific offenses against persons, property, public order, and public administration (corruption, abuse of office).

10 points (6.7%)

Criminal Procedure Law

Fundamental procedural guarantees (presumption of innocence, right to defense), criminal procedural subjects (prosecutor, judge, judicial police, defense attorney), precautionary measures (arrest me burg, arrest në shtëpi), preliminary investigations, special trial procedures (gjykimi i shkurtuar, plea bargaining), and appeals.

20 points (13.3%)

Practical Case Study: Criminal & Criminal Procedure

Practical case evaluation in criminal law and procedure, covering legality of arrest, exclusion of unlawful evidence, defense strategies during investigations, summary trial requests, and sentencing appeals.

10 points (6.7%)

Administrative Law

General principles of administrative procedures under Law No. 44/2015, administrative acts (validity, nullity, revocation), administrative appeals, and judicial review before Administrative Courts under Law No. 49/2012.

10 points (6.7%)

Labor Law

Individual employment contracts under the Labor Code (Law No. 7961/1995), probation periods, working hours and leave, dismissal procedures, unjustified termination remedies, severance indemnity, and collective labor relations.

10 points (6.7%)

Family Law

Marriage validity, marital property regimes (legal community vs contract), divorce grounds and procedures, child custody and parental responsibility in the best interests of the child, child support (alimony), and adoption.

10 points (6.7%)

Law on Advocacy & Legal Ethics

Legal status and admission requirements under Law No. 55/2018, advocate rights and immunities, incompatibilities, professional secrecy and confidentiality, conflict of interest, legal aid obligations, and DHKA disciplinary proceedings.

How to Pass the Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: At least 50% + 1 of total points (76 out of 150 maximum points)
Assessment: A single 4-hour (240-minute) written examination session administered by the Examination Commission of DHKA. It comprises theoretical essay/synthesis questions (10-20 points each) and practical legal case analyses in civil/civil procedure (20 points) and criminal/criminal procedure (20 points), totaling 150 points.
Time limit: 4 hours (240 minutes)
Exam fee: Registration fee set case by case by the Steering Committee, which fixes it by the end of January each year together with the exam dates; the fee is non-refundable except where the candidate does not sit the exam

Keys to Passing

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Albania Bar Exam (Provimi i Avokatisë) Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master the key provisions of Law No. 55/2018, the Chamber's Statute and the Code of Ethics, with emphasis on confidentiality (Article 10), incompatibility (Article 7), conflict of interest (Article 9), remuneration (Article 16) and the disciplinary measures in Articles 45 and 46.

2Thoroughly review civil law fundamentals: prescription periods, absolute vs relative invalidity of contracts, tort liability standards, and vindication lawsuits under the Civil Code.

3Understand civil procedure timelines and remedies: 15-day appeal deadline to the Court of Appeals, 30-day recourse to the High Court, and conditions for interim relief (sigurimi i padisë).

4Focus on criminal law general doctrines: mens rea distinctions, attempt, complicity roles (organizer, executor, instigator, aider), justification grounds, and probation conditions under Article 59.

5Familiarize yourself with criminal procedural safeguards: legality of arrest and detention, mandatory time limits for precautionary measures, summary trial (gjykimi i shkurtuar) requirements, and evidence exclusionary rules.

6Practice solving practical legal case studies (kazuse) by identifying applicable legal grounds, formulating precise legal arguments, and structuring procedural petitions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Albanian Bar Examination (Provimi i Avokatisë)?

It is the official qualification examination organized by the National Bar Association of Albania (Dhoma Kombëtare e Avokatisë - DHKA) pursuant to Law No. 55/2018. Passing this examination is a mandatory legal prerequisite to obtain the title of Advocate (Avokat) and be admitted to practice law in the Republic of Albania.

Who organizes and evaluates the Bar Examination?

The Steering Committee of the Chamber of Advocacy of Albania organises the exam. Article 21(3) of Law No. 55/2018 composes the examination commission of five members appointed by the Governing Committee of the National Chamber of Advocacy, the Head of Codification at the Ministry of Justice, and an internal member of the academic staff of the School of Magistrates.

What are the eligibility requirements to sit for the Bar Exam?

Under Article 13(2) of Law No. 55/2018 a candidate must have full legal capacity to act, have completed the second cycle of university studies in law or an equivalent or recognised foreign degree, have completed not less than one year of traineeship as a candidate advocate attached to a practising advocate with a positive evaluation, and have successfully completed the initial training programme at the School of Advocacy of Albania with the relevant certificate. Article 22(2) exempts persons with at least five years as judges or prosecutors, or in the senior legal posts it lists, from the traineeship and the initial training programme.

What is the structure, duration, and maximum score of the exam?

The examination is a 4-hour (240-minute) written test evaluating candidates across 11 subject areas. It consists of theoretical questions and practical case analyses (kazuse praktike) in both civil and criminal fields, scored out of a total maximum of 150 points.

What is the passing score for the Albanian Bar Exam?

To pass, a candidate must obtain at least 50% plus one point of the total score, which equals a minimum of 76 points out of 150.

What happens if a candidate fails the examination?

Article 21(4) of Law No. 55/2018 gives a candidate who fails at the first attempt the right to sit the next qualification exam, provided a period of not less than six months has elapsed. Article 21(5) caps the total: a candidate advocate may sit the qualification exam up to four times.

In what language is the official examination administered?

The official DHKA examination is administered exclusively in the Albanian language (Shqip). This OpenExamPrep bank provides an English-language multiple-choice study adaptation to assist candidates in mastering essential statutory principles, procedural rules, and case analysis methodologies.

What steps follow after passing the Bar Examination?

Under Article 13 of Law No. 55/2018 the candidate who meets all the criteria pays the fee for conferral of the professional title, set by decision of the General Council of the Chamber, and is equipped with the 'Certificate of Advocate' carrying a unique Personal Identity Number. Before beginning to practise, the advocate takes the oath whose formula Article 13(4) prescribes, swearing to uphold the Constitution and to carry out the duties of the profession with loyalty, dignity and professionalism. Article 14 then requires the annual permit to exercise the profession and registration at the commercial register with a NUIS.