Zambia School Certificate / GCE — Physical Education (6080)

In the CDC Physical Education and Sport syllabus, how does Physical Education differ from sport?

• APhysical Education is only competitive match play, while sport is classroom theory
• BPhysical Education is a planned educational process for all learners, while sport is orga…
• CPhysical Education and sport are identical terms with no useful distinction
• DSport is compulsory schoolwork, while Physical Education is optional entertainment

Which statement best captures the importance of Physical Education and sport for a secondary learner?

• AThey only matter if the learner becomes a professional athlete
• BThey develop physical health alone and have no social or mental value
• CThey support physical, mental, social, emotional, moral and sometimes economic development
• DThey replace the need for first aid, nutrition and academic study

Which set is a valid group of career opportunities named in the Form 1 PE and Sport syllabus?

• AFarming, fishing and forestry as the main PE career path
• BTeaching, coaching, refereeing, sports physiotherapy and professional athletics
• COnly professional football, with no other PE-related work
• DBanking, mining engineering and courtroom advocacy as PE careers

The CDC syllabus asks learners to outline the historical background of Physical Education and sport in Zambia using which sequence of periods?

• AStone Age, Iron Age and Digital Age only
• BPre-independence, independence and post-independence
• CForm 1, Form 2 and Form 3 only
• DColonial Britain, colonial France and colonial Portugal only

Which description best fits Physical Education in Zambia before formal colonial schooling?

• AThere was no physical activity of educational value before independence
• BIndigenous communities used traditional games, dances and work-related movement as physic…
• CPE existed only as a written Cambridge examination
• DAll physical activity was banned until the first modern Olympic Games

In ancient Greece, organised physical education was valued mainly because it helped produce

• Aswimmers trained only for pool hygiene certificates
• Bcitizens who combined bodily training with preparation for civic and, in some city-states…
• Cprofessional footballers for a world cup
• Doffice workers who avoided all physical effort

The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in honour of which Greek god?

• AAnansi
• BZeus
• COsiris
• DThor

What do the five interlocking rings on the Olympic flag represent?

• AThe five Olympic combat sports only
• BThe five inhabited continents united by Olympism
• CThe five official languages of Zambia
• DThe five days of a school week

A Form 1 class debates the claim “Physical Education is more important than sport.” Which argument best supports treating PE as the wider educational idea?

• AOnly winning medals counts, so PE without elite sport is worthless
• BPE aims to educate every learner in health, movement and values, whereas sport is one org…
• CSport has rules and PE has none, so PE cannot be taught
• DPE exists only to select national team players

After independence, school Physical Education in Zambia was increasingly justified as a way to

• Areplace all academic subjects with professional contracts
• Bkeep PE as a colonial drill subject with no local games or health content
• Cbuild healthy, skilled and patriotic citizens through a national curriculum that includes…
• Dabolish first aid, nutrition and sports administration from schools

Which group contains only health-related components of fitness?

• AOffside, try, ace and birdie
• BCastling, en passant and checkmate
• CCardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body com…
• DAgility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time and speed only

Speed, agility and reaction time are examples of

• Ahealth-related fitness components only
• Bskill-related fitness components
• Cmacronutrients
• Dfirst-aid dressings

The main purpose of a warm-up at the start of a PE lesson is to

• Areplace the cool-down so the lesson can end abruptly
• Bgradually raise body temperature, heart rate and mobility so tissues are prepared for the…
• Cexhaust energy stores before skill practice begins
• Dtest maximal one-repetition strength immediately

Why should a PE class include a cool-down after vigorous activity?

• ATo keep heart rate at its maximum for as long as possible
• BTo allow heart rate and breathing to fall gradually and to include light movement and str…
• CTo skip hygiene and first-aid checks
• DTo add more collisions while players are fatigued

An isotonic exercise is best described as muscle work in which

• Ano muscle tension is produced at all
• Bonly the heart muscle is used and skeletal muscle stays silent
• Cthe muscle produces tension and the joint moves, as in a push-up or walking
• Dthe muscle produces tension but the joint angle does not change

Which activity is an isometric exercise as taught in Form 1?

• AJogging one lap of the track
• BA front crawl length of the pool
• CPushing against a wall without moving it
• DA standing long jump

During the upward phase of a push-up, the elbow extensors shorten to lift the body. This shortening under tension is

• Aan isometric contraction
• Ba concentric isotonic contraction
• Can eccentric isotonic contraction
• Da complete absence of muscle activity

A rugby front row holds a scrum so the joint angles stay almost constant against the opposing pack. The dominant contraction type in that hold is

• Apurely concentric throughout
• Bisokinetic on a laboratory dynamometer only
• Cisometric
• Dballistic with no tension

Circuit training is best described as

• Aone continuous run at a single easy pace with no stations
• Ba sequence of exercise stations performed in turn, usually with limited rest, to develop…
• Conly seated board games
• Da knockout cup draw for 16 football teams

Continuous training is most suitable when the main aim is to improve

• Aalactic power for a single 10-metre start
• Baerobic endurance by working for a sustained period without planned rest intervals
• Cmaximal one-repetition bench-press strength only
• Dstatic balance while remaining completely still

Fartlek training is characterised by

• Aa single maximum lift
• Bplaying chess with a clock
• Cunplanned or varied changes of pace during a continuous run, mixing faster bursts with ea…
• Donly seated stretching with no locomotion

Interval training is distinguished from continuous training because it

• Anever raises the heart rate
• Balternates work periods with planned recovery periods
• Ccan only be done in water
• Dforbids any change in intensity

Plyometric training is used mainly to develop

• Astatic flexibility through long passive holds only
• Belastic power by a rapid stretch–shortening cycle, as in hurdle hops or bounding
• Cchess calculation speed
• Dmaximal oxygen uptake using only 60-minute easy walks

A hockey player stops all training for eight weeks and loses much of the endurance gained last term. Which SPORT principle does this illustrate?

• ASpecificity
• BTedium
• CReversibility
• DProgression

Overload is applied correctly when a coach

• Aremoves all challenge so sessions stay far below capacity
• Buses the same load forever so that no adaptation is needed
• Cincreases training stress a little beyond the current comfortable level so the body adapt…
• Ddoubles volume every day with no rest until injury occurs

Using Sheldon’s somatotypes as taught in Form 4, which pairing is most accurate?

• AMesomorph — typically very high fat with little muscle; often suited only to chess
• BAll successful athletes must be pure ectomorphs
• CEctomorph — typically linear and light; often suited to endurance events if trained
• DEndomorph — typically linear and light; often suited only to high jump

The axial skeleton includes the

• Acarpals and tarsals only
• Bclavicle and scapula only
• Cskull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum
• Dfemur, tibia and fibula only

Which bones are part of the appendicular skeleton?

• AThe atlas and axis only
• BThe sternum and all twelve pairs of ribs
• CThe humerus, radius, ulna and the bones of the pelvic girdle
• DThe mandible and the cranial vault only

Which is a function of the human skeleton in sport?

• AProducing insulin in the bone shaft
• BProviding a framework, protecting organs, allowing movement at joints, storing minerals a…
• CDigesting protein in the marrow cavity
• DFiltering urine

The syllabus classifies joints as immovable, slightly movable and freely movable. The knee is

• Aan immovable (fibrous) joint like a skull suture
• Ba slightly movable (cartilaginous) joint like most intervertebral joints
• Ca freely movable (synovial) hinge joint
• Dnot a joint at all

Which pair correctly matches a synovial joint with its typical movement?

• ASkull suture — kicking a football
• BPubic symphysis — serving a tennis ball as its main action
• CShoulder ball-and-socket — flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation and circumd…
• DElbow hinge — full ball-and-socket rotation like the hip

Skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle differ because

• Aonly smooth muscle is found in the heart
• Bcardiac muscle is found only in the biceps brachii
• Cskeletal muscle is voluntary and moves bones; smooth muscle is involuntary in organs; car…
• Dall three types are fully voluntary and attached to bone

When the arm flexes at the elbow to lift a dumbbell, the biceps brachii is the agonist and the triceps brachii is the

• Aagonist doing the same shortening action
• Bantagonist that lengthens to allow the movement
• Crespiratory muscle that ventilates the lungs
• Dbone that stores calcium

During inspiration at rest, air typically travels

• Afrom alveoli to the mouth only, with no trachea involved
• Bnose or mouth → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli
• Cfrom the kidneys directly into the alveoli
• Dfrom the small intestine into the nasal cavity

Gaseous exchange that supports aerobic sport occurs mainly in the

• Agall bladder
• Bhair follicles
• Calveoli, where oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves it
• Doesophagus

Which activity is predominantly aerobic once it is underway?

• AA single maximal shot-put throw lasting about one second
• BA 20-minute steady continuous run
• CA 10-metre sprint start
• DA single jump-shot in basketball

In the human circulatory system, which statement is correct?

• AArteries always carry deoxygenated blood
• BThe heart has two chambers in a healthy adult
• CThe left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta for the systemic circulation
• DThe left ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary artery to the lungs

Cardiac output is the product of

• Abody mass and standing height
• Breaction time and agility
• Cstroke volume and heart rate
• Dtidal volume and vital capacity only

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are produced mainly in

• Athe lens of the eye
• Bthe epidermis of the skin
• Cred bone marrow
• Dthe enamel of the teeth

A 400-metre runner accumulates lactic acid and cannot keep the same pace without oxygen catching up. This performance is limited mainly by the

• Aaerobic system working at a true steady state from the first stride
• Banaerobic glycolytic (lactic) system that supplies energy when oxygen delivery cannot mee…
• Cdigestive absorption of fat during the race itself
• Dproduction of urine in the bladder

Gravity in sporting activity is best described as

• Aa first-aid dressing
• Ban Olympic ring colour
• Ca force that pulls objects toward the Earth and must be considered in jumping, throwing a…
• Da type of vitamin

Friction is useful in sport when it

• Areplaces the need for any muscle force
• Bis the same thing as a vitamin supplement
• Callows a football boot or running shoe to grip the surface so the athlete can accelerate…
• Dis completely removed so no one can stand up

Average speed in a race is calculated as

• Atime divided by mass
• Bforce multiplied by acceleration
• Cheart rate minus stroke volume
• Ddistance divided by time

A sprinter runs 100 m in 12.5 s. What is the average speed?

• A12.5 m/s
• B1250 m/s
• C0.125 m/s
• D8.0 m/s

A 50 kg athlete accelerates at 3 m/s² in the direction of the net force. Using F = ma, the net force is

• A17 N
• B53 N
• C150 N
• D1500 N

A first-class lever has the

• Aload between the fulcrum and the effort, as in a wheelbarrow
• Beffort between the fulcrum and the load, as in a biceps curl
• Cno fulcrum at all
• Dfulcrum between the effort and the load, as in nodding the head or a seesaw

Rising onto the balls of the feet (a calf raise) is usually taught as a

• Afirst-class lever with the fulcrum in the hip only
• Bthird-class lever identical to a biceps curl
• Clever with the fulcrum in the hands
• Dsecond-class lever, because the load (body weight) lies between the fulcrum at the toes a…

A biceps curl (elbow flexion lifting a dumbbell) is a third-class lever because

• Athe fulcrum is in the hand and the load is in the shoulder
• Bthere is no pivot at the elbow
• Cthe load lies between the toes and the heel
• Dthe fulcrum is at the elbow, the effort is the biceps insertion on the forearm, and the l…