Zambia School Certificate / GCE — Lunda (3147)

In spoken Lunda, what is the main job of the word mwani in a greeting such as Shikenu mwani?

• AIt marks respect toward the person being addressed
• BIt is the Lunda word for goodbye
• CIt is a past-tense verb meaning ‘I left’
• DIt is a noun class prefix meaning ‘small’

What does Shikenu mwani (also Menekenu mwani) mean?

• AGood night
• BWelcome
• CI am hungry
• DClose the door

Choose the Lunda expression that means ‘Thank you’.

• ANehi
• BKanda
• CNasakalili mwani
• DChinjila

Which pair is correctly matched?

• AEŋa — yes; Nehi — no
• BEŋa — no; Nehi — yes
• CEŋa — thank you; Nehi — welcome
• DEŋa — I; Nehi — you

Which independent pronoun means ‘I’ in Lunda?

• AEyi
• BEnu
• CWena
• DAmi

What does ijina mean?

• AWater
• BName
• CTree
• DFire

In Ijina da mukala weyi? the noun mukala means:

• ASchool
• BRiver
• CVillage
• DChief

A speaker answers Mwakola mwani? with Nidi chachiwahi. What has the speaker said?

• AI am well
• BI do not understand
• CI am going now
• DI am very hungry

Mwakola mwani? is used as a greeting. Which English sense is closest in ordinary conversation?

• AWhat is your clan name?
• BAre you well? / You are strong?
• CHow much does this cost?
• DWhere is the path?

Match the time-of-day greetings correctly.

• ANtetamena mwani — good evening; Melela mwani — good morning
• BNtetamena mwani — thank you; Melela mwani — sorry
• CNtetamena mwani — good morning (in passing); Melela mwani — good evening
• DNtetamena mwani — welcome; Melela mwani — goodbye

The Form 1 listening-and-speaking syllabus asks learners to distinguish facts from opinions in conversations. Which statement is a fact rather than an opinion?

• AECZ Lunda papers 3147/1 and 3147/2 are each two hours long
• BLunda is the most beautiful language in Zambia
• CEveryone should drop English and speak only Lunda
• DVillage life is always better than town life

In the Zambian Languages syllabus, creating and answering riddles is listed under which Form 1 strand?

• ATranslation only
• BMathematics word problems
• CChemistry practicals
• DListening and speaking

If you did not catch a Lunda sentence, which request asks the speaker to say it again?

• AHoshaku chovu mwani
• BHoshenu cheŋi mwani
• CAmi hinukwiya
• DChinjila kwilochu

Form 1 debates are supposed to use ‘simple topics’ named in the syllabus. Which set matches those named examples?

• AIrregular French verbs, Chinese tones and Latin declensions
• BOnly football results from last weekend
• CClimate change, drug abuse and human rights
• DUnseen calculus proofs

When the syllabus asks a learner to ‘deliver a talk to an audience on a given topic’, which preparation step is required first?

• AGather information on the topic, then deliver the talk
• BRead the talk only in English so Lunda vocabulary is avoided
• CMemorise a poem that is unrelated to the topic
• DSkip gathering information and improvise insults

In many Lunda-speaking communities a host calls Shikenu mwani and offers a handshake. Which response best matches expected respectful practice?

• AStay silent and walk past without stopping
• BAnswer only in English ‘hi’ and keep both hands in pockets
• CReply Chinjila and refuse the greeting
• DReturn the greeting with mwani (for example mwani vude mwani) and shake hands

Read: «Shikenu mwani. Ijina dami yami Chama. Nafuma ku Mwinilunga.» What is the speaker mainly doing?

• AOrdering food in a market
• BWelcoming the listener and introducing name and origin
• CWriting a formal letter of complaint
• DTranslating a Chemistry definition

In Lunda, the infinitive kuda (also written kudya in some school texts) means:

• ATo eat
• BTo sew
• CTo close
• DTo fear

What does kunwa mean?

• ATo cultivate
• BTo laugh
• CTo drink
• DTo tie

Choose the correct Lunda noun for ‘house’.

• AKawa
• BDisu
• CMeji
• DItala

Read: «Wunafumi kudihi? — Na fuma ku Zambezi.» What information does the answer give?

• AThe speaker’s age
• BThe place the speaker comes from
• CThe price of maize
• DThe remote-past suffix of the verb

Two replies to Mwakola mwani? are Nidi chachiwahi and Chanti chanti. How do they differ?

• AThe first means the speaker is well; the second means only ‘just a bit’ / not so well
• BBoth mean ‘I refuse to greet you’
• CThe first is plural and the second is a locative prefix
• DBoth are remote-past verbs of ‘to sew’

Read: «Mutondu wahi wudi kunu. Nyitondu yidi kuna.» What contrast is the text making?

• AA dog here versus dogs there
• BA star here versus stars there
• CA tree here versus trees over there
• DWater here versus fire over there

A classroom notice says: «Kunwa meji. Nehi kunwa kesi.» What is the notice telling learners?

• AEat the fire and drink the house
• BClose the dog and open the tree
• CSpeak Lunda and never greet
• DDrink water; do not drink fire

«Ami nidi ndotolu. Na kalakalaŋa mu chipatelu.» Where does the speaker work?

• AIn a maize field only
• BIn a hospital
• CIn a courtroom as a judge
• DIn a church as a choir only

The senior Zambian Languages reading strand distinguishes skimming from scanning. Which description is accurate?

• ASkimming gets the general sense quickly; scanning searches for a specific detail
• BSkimming is only for poetry rhyme; scanning is only for letters
• CBoth terms mean translating every word into English first
• DScanning means copying the passage in note form

A school poster in Lunda lists a meeting time and place and says Shikenu. What is the poster’s primary purpose?

• ATo narrate a folktale with a moral
• BTo argue that climate change is a hoax
• CTo inform people about an event and welcome them
• DTo translate an English novel chapter by chapter

A dialogue repeats mwani after almost every move (Shikenu mwani, Mwakola mwani, Nasakalili mwani). What is the safest inference?

• AThe speakers have run out of nouns and are filling space
• BThe speakers are marking respect in a formal or polite exchange
• CMwani has become a future-tense prefix
• DThe text must be a Chemistry practical

Read: «Ami nazeyi. Mudimu wasweja. Ami hinukwiya.» Which sequence of ideas is correct?

• AThe speaker is hungry, then plants trees, then sleeps
• BThe speaker is welcoming guests, then singing, then debating
• CThe speaker is sewing, then opening a door, then tying a load
• DThe speaker is tired because the work was heavy, and is now leaving

«Nazeyi naŋzala (natiyi nzala chikupu).» Why is the speaker tired?

• ABecause of hunger
• BBecause of cold rain only
• CBecause a riddle was unsolved
• DBecause the remote-past suffix was omitted

Which feature best belongs to an informal Lunda letter rather than a formal one?

• AA court-style case number and sworn affidavit only
• BAn official subject line to a ministry permanent secretary only
• CA friendly opening to a relative or classmate and everyday language
• DA laboratory method written as numbered steps

A narrative composition in Lunda is mainly expected to:

• ATell a sequenced story with a beginning, middle and end
• BList only the school rules without any events
• CCopy a dictionary page in alphabetical order
• DTranslate isolated English words without a plot

Form 1 descriptive writing specifically trains learners to describe:

• AOnly algebraic formulas
• BPeople and animals
• COnly the ECZ fee table
• DOnly punctuation marks in isolation

An argumentative Lunda composition must do which of the following?

• AAvoid taking any position on the issue
• BRetell a folktale without a viewpoint
• CList shopping items in two columns
• DState a claim and support it with reasons

What is the main purpose of a school notice or poster in the Form 1 writing strand?

• ATo replace the literature paper
• BTo practise only remote-past imbrication
• CTo announce information briefly for a public audience
• DTo write a 500-word autobiography

How should a candidate tell a semi-formal Lunda letter from an informal one?

• AA semi-formal letter keeps more distance and structure than a note to a close friend, but…
• BSemi-formal letters must be written only in English
• CThere is no difference; both are identical to a play script
• DSemi-formal letters never have a greeting or closing

A formal letter to a headteacher or government office should include which set of features?

• ASlang nicknames and no address
• BSender and recipient details, a respectful greeting, a clear purpose and a formal closing
• COnly emojis and an SMS abbreviation
• DA riddle instead of a subject line

What is a prose summary as taught for Zambian Languages?

• AA drawing of the passage with no words
• BA list of single nouns copied in the order they appear
• CA short connected paragraph that restates the key points of a text
• DA full copy of the original passage

A note summary differs from a prose summary because a note summary:

• AMust always be longer than the original text
• BMust be written as a formal letter
• CMust include a full play script
• DRecords key points as notes rather than as a flowing paragraph

The 2023 ECZ School Certificate report on Zambian Languages said many candidates failed the summary task because they:

• AWrote note summaries instead of the required prose summary
• BWrote only in Chinese characters
• CUsed a calculator on the language paper
• DAnswered in Morse code

According to the same ECZ report, which composition skills were widely missing?

• ADrawing accurate maps of Europe
• BProper titles, introductions, orthography, logical order, paragraphing and punctuation
• CSolving simultaneous equations
• DCiting the Zambian Constitution by article number

In a Lunda essay, a well-formed paragraph should usually:

• AMix five unrelated topics in one block of text
• BContain only a single word repeated twenty times
• CDevelop one main idea with supporting sentences
• DBe written entirely in English so the marker can skip Lunda

Grade 11 writing includes composing reports. How does a report differ from a friendly letter?

• AA report is always a praise poem
• BA report must be sung, never written
• CA report cannot have a title
• DA report presents organised information on an event or situation, not a private chat

An expository Lunda essay is mainly written to:

• AEntertain with a fictional adventure only
• BExplain or inform about a topic
• CInsult an opponent without reasons
• DCopy a riddle without commentary

A candidate is asked to write an argumentative Lunda essay on whether plastic bags should be banned at the market. Which plan best matches the syllabus?

• AState a clear position, give reasons and examples, answer an opposing view, then conclude
• BDescribe only the colour of a mango for the whole essay
• CWrite five unrelated greetings and stop
• DTranslate the word ‘plastic’ into seven languages and stop

A Lunda Paper 1-style task asks for a formal letter of complaint about blocked water at school. Which candidate is using the official writing skills the papers mark?

• AThe candidate who writes only «Nehi» ten times
• BThe candidate who draws the school without words
• CThe candidate who uses addresses, a respectful greeting, a factual account and a polite r…
• DThe candidate who answers the letter question with a praise poem about the moon

In Lunda, the ordinary infinitive (‘to …’) is marked by which prefix on the verb stem?

• Aku- (as in ku-hit-a ‘to pass’, ku-nwa ‘to drink’)
• Bka- only, on every verb
• Cthe English word to written before a Lunda stem
• Dthe remote-past suffix -ili used alone

Which Lunda infinitive means ‘to write’?

• AKu-zhah-a
• BKu-sonek-a
• CKu-seh-a
• DKu-kas-a