Zambia School Certificate / GCE — Design and Technology (6045)

In the Ministry of Education Design and Technology design-process sequence, what should a learner write immediately after identifying a clear problem from a given situation?

• AA cutting list of manufactured parts
• BA design brief stating what is to be designed and for whom
• CA final evaluation report of the finished product
• DA winding-up plan for a business venture

What is the main purpose of a design specification in a School Certificate project?

• ATo list every tool in the school workshop store
• BTo replace user research with the designer’s personal taste
• CTo set measurable criteria the finished solution must meet
• DTo calculate the ECZ 1–9 grade the project will receive

A learner has chosen one idea to develop. Which pair of documents should be prepared before cutting material?

• AA SWOT analysis and a liquidation notice
• BA working drawing and a cutting list
• CA fire-classification chart and a hydrant map
• DA pictograph of last year’s sales only

How does a presentation drawing differ from a working drawing?

• AA presentation drawing shows appearance to a client; a working drawing gives manufacturin…
• BA presentation drawing is always first-angle; a working drawing is always third-angle
• CA presentation drawing lists every screw; a working drawing uses only colour rendering
• DThere is no difference — both terms mean an exploded isometric

Why should a finished prototype be tested against the original specification?

• ATo decide the selling price before any costing is done
• BTo check whether the product meets the stated requirements and to guide improvements
• CTo replace the design brief after making is complete
• DTo convert hardwood into a thermoplastic

A school wants a lockable box for exam papers that must be carried between offices. Which specification point is measurable?

• AIt should look quite nice
• BIt must feel modern
• CIt must include a lockable lid and weigh no more than 4 kg when empty
• DIt should be better than other boxes

At which design-process stage should a learner produce several different sketched solutions before choosing one?

• AGenerating possible solutions / ideation
• BWinding up the business
• CApplying a finish to the completed product
• DCompiling only the final materials invoice

What should a production plan for a school making project mainly show?

• AThe order of operations, tools, time and quality checks needed to make the product
• BOnly the history of Zambian copper mining
• CThe ECZ timetable date for every other subject
• DA list of unrelated CAD software brand names

A folder photograph of a half-made joint is most useful as evidence of which design-process skill?

• AIdentifying a theme from a newspaper headline only
• BProduct realisation — showing making quality and process
• CCalculating gear ratio of an unrelated mechanism
• DClassifying fires in a different workshop

Why is research placed after the design brief and before detailed specifications?

• ASo the brief can be ignored once making starts
• BSo facts about users, existing products and materials can inform realistic, evidence-base…
• CSo CAD software can be installed without a problem statement
• DSo the product can be finished before any criteria exist

In the syllabus entrepreneurship work, what do the letters SWOT stand for?

• AScrews, Washers, Offset tools, Taps
• BStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
• CSoftwood, Walnut, Oak, Teak
• DSeries, Wattage, Ohm, Tesla

Which set matches the business-plan parts named in the Form 1 Design and Technology syllabus?

• ASummary, business description, marketing plan, organisation structure, financial plan
• BHardening, tempering, annealing, normalising only
• CFirst-angle, third-angle, isometric and cavalier only
• DAND, OR, NOT and NAND gates only

A learner sells a small lamp for K180. Materials and other costs were K120. Using the syllabus relationship Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price, what is the profit?

• AK60
• BK180
• CK300
• DK120

Which method does the syllabus class as a formal way of winding up a business?

• ALeaving unsold stock on a workshop bench
• BVoluntary liquidation or bankruptcy through the proper legal process
• CPainting a new logo on the same company
• DSwitching from PVA glue to epoxy

What does PMI stand for when a learner assesses a business idea?

• APlus, Minus, Interesting
• BPlywood, MDF, Isolating tape
• CPneumatic, Mechanical, Isometric
• DPrice, Markup, Invoice

Which document would you issue to a customer as proof that money has been received for a sold product?

• AA cutting list
• BA receipt
• CA third-angle projection symbol
• DA case-hardening recipe

Which source of start-up capital is correctly paired with its meaning?

• AA loan — money borrowed that must usually be repaid with interest
• BSavings — money that a bank is required to give any new firm for free
• CLeasing an asset — permanently selling the firm’s land
• DA quotation — a court order to liquidate the company

A marketing plan that names product, price, target group and advertising is mainly helping the entrepreneur to do what?

• AHarden a high-carbon steel blade
• BDecide who the product is for and how it will be sold
• CConstruct an involute gear tooth
• DChoose between first-angle and third-angle projection

Which personal safety rule matches the Form 1 workshop-safety competence?

• AOperate only machinery you have been shown and are familiar with
• BRemove guards so you can see the cutter more clearly
• CWear loose sleeves and jewellery on rotating machines
• DEat at the lathe so you do not waste making time

Why must gangways between benches be kept clear?

• ASo timber can season faster in a draught
• BSo people can move and evacuate safely and so work is not tripped over
• CSo first-angle projection can be drawn on the floor
• DSo thermosetting plastic can cool in the aisle

Which items are personal protective equipment (PPE) for grinding or turning metal?

• ASafety goggles or a face shield, and close-fitting clothing
• BOpen sandals and a hanging necklace
• CA paper sketch of an isometric cube only
• DA SWOT chart pinned to the machine guard

What is the safest immediate action for a small, clean workshop cut that is bleeding?

• AIgnore it so that making time is not lost
• BApply pressure with a clean dressing and seek first-aid help
• CPour waste oil into the wound as a lubricant
• DHold the cut against a running grinding wheel

A waste-wood bin has caught fire. Which fire class is this, and which extinguishing approach is appropriate?

• AClass A (ordinary combustibles); water or foam on a wood fire away from electrics
• BClass D (metals); only a CO2 extinguisher on dry timber
• CClass B (flammable liquids); sand on a paper fire only if it is oil
• DThere is no class for wood; leave the bin to burn out

Why must water not be used on a fire involving live electrical equipment?

• AWater conducts electricity and can electrocute the user
• BWater always turns timber into a thermoset
• CWater increases the carbon content of steel
• DWater is reserved only for Class D metal fires

When is a fire blanket the most suitable of the listed options?

• ASmothering a small clothing fire or a small contained pan fire
• BCooling a large timber-store fire from 30 metres
• CExtinguishing a magnesium-swarf fire in an open yard
• DReplacing the need for any evacuation plan

Which lifting method reduces back injury when moving a heavy vice or crate?

• ABend the knees, keep the back reasonably straight and hold the load close to the body
• BBend only at the waist with straight knees and twist while lifting
• CThrow the load to a partner to save time
• DDrag the load by a trailing electrical cable

Why does the syllabus require adequate lighting and ventilation at a workstation?

• ALighting improves accurate marking and cutting; ventilation removes dust, fumes and heat
• BLighting is only needed for CAD; ventilation is only for outdoor forging
• CBright light hardens steel; still air seasons timber
• DVentilation replaces the need for eye protection

A learner is about to use a bench grinder. Which check is a correct safety audit item?

• AConfirm the tool rest is close to the wheel, the guard is fitted and eye protection is on
• BRemove the guard so sparks look brighter for a photograph
• CStand directly in line with the wheel side and press the work hard immediately
• DWear gloves that can be pulled into the wheel

How are hardwoods and softwoods classified in Design and Technology?

• ABy the botanical group of the tree, not simply by how hard the wood feels
• BHardwoods always come from Zambia only; softwoods always come from Europe only
• CSoftwoods can never be used for furniture
• DHardwoods are always weaker than balsa

What is the main purpose of seasoning timber before making a product?

• ATo reduce moisture content so the wood is more stable and less likely to warp or split
• BTo convert the log into plywood in one process
• CTo add iron so the timber becomes a ferrous metal
• DTo make every softwood into a hardwood

Conversion of a log means which process?

• ASawing the log into boards or other usable sections
• BBrushing on a clear varnish after assembly
• CTempering a chisel blade
• DPlotting the locus of a crank

Cupping of a board is best described as which timber defect?

• AA hollow curve across the width caused by uneven shrinkage
• BA metal inclusion from a nail left in the tree
• CA planned decorative moulding along the edge
• DA chemical treatment that turns pine into teak

Which manufactured board is made from an odd number of wood veneers with grain direction crossed in adjacent layers?

• APlywood
• BPlain sawn solid teak
• CCast iron
• DAcrylic sheet

What is MDF?

• AMedium Density Fibreboard — wood fibres bonded with resin into a smooth sheet
• BMild Drawn Ferrous bar used only for rivets
• CA first-angle symbol used on building plans
• DA primary cell made from wood pulp

Why are the raw edges of plywood or chipboard often lipped or veneered?

• ATo hide and protect the core, improve appearance and reduce moisture uptake at the edge
• BTo convert the board into a non-ferrous alloy
• CTo make the board magnetic for a lathe chuck
• DTo replace the need for any adhesive in a carcase

Which board has a core of solid timber strips faced with veneer?

• ABlockboard
• BClear acrylic
• CAnnealed copper sheet
• DCorrugated cardboard only

Brushing, dipping and spraying creosote or other preservative onto timber is done mainly to do what?

• AProtect the wood from insects, fungi and moisture attack
• BTurn the timber into a thermoplastic
• CIncrease the carbon content so it can be quench-hardened
• DReplace seasoning entirely

Chipboard (particleboard) is generally a poor choice for which application?

• AAn unsheltered outdoor seat that will stay wet
• BA painted interior cabinet side in a dry room
• CA hidden carcase panel that will be veneered and kept dry
• DA jigsaw puzzle prototype used once indoors

A ferrous metal is one that contains a significant amount of which element?

• AOnly neon
• BIron
• COnly argon
• DOnly helium

Brass used for fittings is best described as which material?

• AA softwood veneer
• BAn alloy of copper and zinc
• CPure unalloyed iron
• DA thermosetting plastic

What is the purpose of annealing a work-hardened copper or steel part?

• ATo convert it into MDF
• BTo soften it and relieve internal stress so it can be shaped further without cracking
• CTo put a zinc coat on the surface
• DTo permanently thermoset the metal so it cannot be melted

Why is a carbon-steel chisel usually tempered after it has been hardened?

• ATempering replaces the need for a handle
• BTempering reduces brittleness while keeping useful hardness
• CTempering removes all carbon so the blade becomes pure aluminium
• DTempering is only a decorative blue paint

Case hardening is most appropriate for which component?

• AA sheet of MDF before painting
• BA low-carbon steel pin that needs a hard wear surface and a tough core
• CA finished teak table top
• DA thermoplastic storage box

How does normalising differ from annealing for steel?

• AThere is no difference — both words mean quench hardening
• BNormalising cools in still air and refines the grain; annealing cools slowly, often in th…
• CNormalising is only for aluminium; annealing is only for copper
• DNormalising adds a zinc coat; annealing adds tin

Drawing down in forge work means which change of shape?

• AExtruding the steel through a CAD command
• BReducing the cross-section and increasing the length of the bar
• CIncreasing the diameter by upsetting the end
• DJoining two bars with a mortise and tenon

Which lathe process raises a diamond or straight patterned grip on a metal handle?

• ATriangulation
• BKnurling
• CSeasoning
• DVeneering

Aluminium is classified as which type of metal, and why is it often chosen for portable products?

• AA manufactured board; it is made from wood chips
• BNon-ferrous; it has low density and good corrosion resistance
• CFerrous; it is magnetic and very dense
• DA thermosetting plastic; it cannot be recycled