Zambia Primary School Leaving Examination — Home Economics and Hospitality (83/1)

Before preparing nshima and relish, the safest first step is to:

• ATaste the leftover relish from yesterday to check it
• BWash both hands with soap and clean water
• CRinse hands quickly in the dish-washing bowl
• DWipe hands on the kitchen curtain

After lunch, leftover nshima should be:

• ACovered and kept in a clean, cool place
• BLeft open on the table so it can dry
• CPushed under the bed until supper
• DMixed with fresh nshima while it is still warm and then left out

A learner cuts raw chicken on a wooden board, then immediately chops tomato for salad on the same unwashed board. The main risk is:

• AThe tomato will lose its red colour
• BThe board will become too dry to use again
• CGerms from the raw chicken can contaminate the ready-to-eat tomato
• DThe chicken will absorb the tomato flavour and become inedible

Flies walking on uncovered relish are a hygiene problem mainly because they:

• AMake the food taste sweeter
• BHelp the food cool faster
• CAdd useful protein to the dish
• DCan carry dirt and germs from waste onto the food

A cracked enamel plate is a poor choice for serving food because:

• ACracked enamel always makes food taste bitter
• BDirt and germs collect in the crack and are hard to wash out
• CCracked plates cannot be carried to the table
• DEnamel plates must never be used in a Zambian kitchen

If borehole or river water is not known to be safe for drinking, the household should:

• ABoil it until it bubbles vigorously, then cool it in a clean covered container
• BAdd a pinch of salt and drink it at once
• CStrain it through a dirty cloth and serve it warm
• DLeave it in the sun in an open bucket for five minutes

Cooked bean relish left in a warm kitchen overnight without covering or cooling should be:

• AReheated until it smells strong and then served
• BMixed with fresh tomatoes to hide the smell
• CThrown away if it smells sour, looks slimy or was left in the danger zone all night
• DFed only to the youngest child because children have stronger stomachs

Which household practice best reduces the risk of cholera and similar diarrhoeal disease?

• ASharing one unwashed cup at the borehole
• BUsing a latrine, washing hands with soap, and drinking treated or boiled water
• CWashing plates in the same basin used to rinse nappies
• DKeeping drinking water in an open drum beside the pit latrine

Mangoes and tomatoes that will be eaten raw should first be:

• ARubbed on a shirt to make them shiny
• BPeeled with an unwashed garden knife only
• CSoaked in leftover dish water to soften the skin
• DWashed in clean water to remove dirt and some surface germs

A kitchen cloth used to wipe a dirty worktop and then to dry washed plates should be:

• AWashed, rinsed and dried before it is used on clean dishes again
• BSprinkled with mealie-meal to absorb the dirt
• CKept permanently damp so it stays soft
• DUsed only on plates, never washed, so the pattern lasts

A 25 kg bag of mealie-meal is best stored:

• AOpen on the kitchen floor next to the mop bucket
• BIn a torn sack under a leaking roof
• CIn a clean, dry, covered container off the floor, away from pests
• DIn the latrine shelter to keep it cool

Frozen kapenta left in a basin in full sun all afternoon, then cooked in the evening, is a poor plan because:

• ASunlight always destroys the protein in fish
• BThe fish spends many hours in the warm zone where bacteria multiply, even if it is later…
• CKapenta must only be thawed inside a burning mbaula
• DFrozen fish cannot be cooked on the same day it is thawed

After using the latrine and before returning to cook, a learner should:

• AWash hands with soap and water
• BOnly rinse the fingertips in the cooking pot
• CWipe hands on the school uniform
• DRub hands with dry mealie-meal

A cook who has a cough while stirring relish should:

• ACough directly into the pot so the steam soothes the throat
• BCover the pot with a shirt and keep stirring
• CTaste from the stirring spoon after each cough
• DTurn away, cover the mouth, and wash hands before touching food again

The same kitchen knife was used to cut raw beef and then, unwashed, to slice pawpaw for dessert. The safest next action is to:

• AServe the pawpaw because fruit acid kills all bacteria
• BRinse the pawpaw in leftover beef water
• CSet the pawpaw aside as unsafe, wash the knife and board with hot soapy water, and cut a…
• DSprinkle salt on the pawpaw and serve it immediately

The best everyday way to keep rats and cockroaches out of a kitchen is to:

• ALeave leftover nshima on the floor for them so they stay in one corner
• BStore food in covered containers, sweep crumbs, and empty refuse into a closed bin
• CKeep the kitchen dark and never open the window
• DWash the floor with cooking oil so pests slip

Drinking water kept in the house should be stored:

• AIn a clean, covered container with a ladle or tap that stays off the floor
• BIn an open bucket that everyone dips cups into
• CIn a cooking pot left beside the mbaula
• DIn a used pesticide bottle that has been rinsed once

A learner has an open, uncovered sore on the hand and is asked to mix salad. The hygienic decision is to:

• AMix the salad with the sore uncovered so air can heal it
• BWash the sore with cooking oil and continue
• CLick the sore clean and then mix
• DCover the sore with a clean waterproof dressing or ask someone else to mix the ready-to-e…

In a typical Zambian meal, nshima is mainly a source of:

• AVitamin C
• BCarbohydrate for energy
• CIodine
• DWater-soluble fibre only, with no energy

Foods such as beans, eggs, kapenta and lean meat are grouped together because they are rich in:

• ASugar only
• BCooking oil only
• CProtein needed for growth and body repair
• DVitamin C only

Which plate is the best example of a balanced Grade 7 lunch?

• ANshima, boiled beans and cooked rape
• BThree large balls of nshima only
• CFizzy drink and plain white bread only
• DFried chips and tomato sauce only

Oranges, guavas and fresh mangoes are especially useful in the diet because they provide:

• AIodine
• BStarch for nshima
• CIron only
• DVitamin C

A learner who often feels tired and whose teacher mentions pale gums may need more iron-rich foods such as:

• APlain sugar water
• BLiver, kapenta or dark green leafy vegetables
• CCooking oil drunk from a cup
• DFizzy drinks with ice

A young child with swelling of the face and feet after a long period of meals that are almost only nshima is most likely showing a lack of:

• ATable salt only
• BCooking oil only
• CProtein in the diet (a kwashiorkor-type picture)
• DVitamin C only, with plenty of beans already in every meal

Clean drinking water is needed every day mainly because it:

• AHelps the body replace fluid, aids digestion and carries nutrients
• BReplaces the need for all vegetables
• CIs a complete protein food
• DStops the need to wash hands

Eating a simple breakfast before school is important because it:

• AMakes lunch unnecessary for the rest of the week
• BReplaces all protein needs for the day
• CGuarantees a Distinction in every PSLE paper
• DProvides energy and helps the learner concentrate in morning lessons

When planning meals for a pregnant woman in the household, Grade 7 nutrition emphasises extra care to include:

• AOnly fizzy drinks so she does not feel hungry
• BBody-building foods, iron-rich foods, fruit or vegetables, and plenty of clean water — no…
• CTea with no food so the baby stays small
• DRaw meat every hour

Rape, pumpkin leaves (chibwabwa) and sweet-potato leaves (kalembula) are important in Zambian meals mainly as:

• ACooking fuel
• BSources of sugar only
• CVegetables that supply vitamins, minerals and fibre
• DReplacements for all drinking water

Eating large amounts of sugary snacks and fizzy drinks every day is discouraged because it can:

• AIncrease tooth decay and crowd out more nourishing food
• BSupply all the iron a growing child needs
• CReplace the need to drink water
• DPrevent all infections

Difficulty seeing in dim light can be a sign of too little vitamin A. A practical Zambian food that helps prevent this is:

• APlain salt water
• BWhite sugar
• CCooking oil with no other food
• DOrange-fleshed sweet potato, mango, or dark green leaves

Groundnuts added to vegetable relish mainly improve the meal by adding:

• AOnly water
• BProtein and useful fat
• CVitamin C in large amounts
• DIodine

Fresh milk, sour milk or unsweetened yoghurt help the diet mainly because they provide:

• AVitamin C only
• BStarch
• CCalcium for bones and teeth, plus some protein
• DFibre equal to a plate of rape

When serving the same relish to a five-year-old and to a father who has been hoeing, the cook should:

• AGive the child a smaller, softer portion and the worker a larger, more energy-rich serving
• BGive the child the largest share of fried fat and none of the vegetables
• CRefuse food to the worker so the child can eat twice
• DServe only dry nshima to both so portions stay equal

Bleeding gums and slow healing after a long period with no fresh fruit or vegetables is most closely linked to a lack of:

• ACooking oil
• BMaize meal
• CSalt
• DVitamin C

Fibre in vegetables, beans and whole-grain foods is useful because it:

• AReplaces the need to drink any water
• BHelps the bowel work regularly and adds bulk to the diet
• CIs the same nutrient as vitamin A
• DMust be removed from all food before cooking

Skipping lunch every school day is unwise mainly because the learner:

• AMisses energy and nutrients needed for afternoon lessons and play
• BWill automatically become stronger
• CWill never need supper
• DIs following the official PSLE timetable

On a stove or mbaula, pot handles should be turned:

• AStraight out into the walkway so they cool faster
• BToward a younger brother’s reach so he can help stir
• CInward over the cooker so they are less likely to be knocked
• DTied to the door with string

When carrying a sharp kitchen knife across the room, the safe method is to:

• ARun with the blade pointing at a classmate
• BHold it firmly, point down, and walk
• CHold it in the mouth to keep both hands free
• DThrow it onto the table from the doorway

Lifting a hot saucepan with a wet cloth is unsafe because:

• AWater in the cloth conducts heat quickly and can scald the hands
• BWet cloths make food taste of soap
• CTeachers forbid all cloths in a kitchen
• DMetal pots cannot be lifted at all

If cooking oil in a pan catches fire, the correct first action is to:

• APour a cup of water on the flames
• BCarry the burning pan through the house to the tap
• CFan the fire with a paper exercise book
• DTurn off the heat if it is safe, and smother the flames with a lid or damp heavy cloth —…

A charcoal mbaula should be used:

• AInside a closed bedroom with no window
• BOn a plastic tablecloth next to hanging curtains
• CIn a stable, ventilated place, away from small children and flammable cloth
• DOn the edge of a bed so the cook can rest

A learner spills boiling water on a forearm. The first helpful action is to:

• ASmear toothpaste and butter on the skin
• BCool the burn under clean cool running water for several minutes
• CWrap the arm tightly in a plastic bag
• DBreak any blisters so the water can escape

If a learner’s dress or shirt catches fire, the safest response is to:

• AStop, drop to the ground, and roll to smother the flames
• BRun outside as fast as possible to find water far away
• CStand still and fan the clothes
• DPull the burning cloth over the face

Before lighting a cooker or working over steam, long hair should be:

• ASprayed with cooking oil so it will not burn
• BLeft loose so it cools the neck
• CHeld in the mouth
• DTied back so it cannot fall into a flame or pot

Water spilled on a kitchen floor should be wiped at once mainly to prevent:

• AThe water from becoming ice in a Zambian afternoon
• BThe pots from losing their shine
• CSlips and falls
• DThe charcoal from tasting of water

Why is butter or cooking oil a poor first-aid dressing for a fresh kitchen burn?

• AOil always freezes the skin instantly
• BGrease traps heat, is hard to clean off, and can increase infection risk
• CButter contains too much vitamin C
• DOil turns the burn into a cut

Matches and a lighter should be stored:

• AOn a high shelf, out of the reach of young children
• BUnder the child’s pillow for night use
• CIn the sugar jar so they stay dry and secret
• DBeside the baby’s sleeping mat

An electric kettle should not be used with wet hands or pulled into a sink of water because:

• AThe water will taste of metal
• BThe kettle will cook food too quickly
• CElectricity and water together can cause a severe shock
• DKettles are only for making nshima