Using a common dense-graded hot-mix asphalt (HMA) unit weight of 145 lb/ft³, about how many tons are in one compacted cubic yard?
Paving Asphalt
Question · Easy
Six feet: a hard-hat anthem
Short
How many square yards of pavement surface are in one 12-foot-wide lane that is 1 mile long?
Question · Medium
A 12-foot lane, 1 mile long, will receive 2 inches of compacted HMA. Using 110 lb per square yard per inch of thickness, how many tons are required (neat line, no waste)?
Question · Hard
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What is the primary purpose of a tack coat before placing a new HMA lift on an existing asphalt or concrete surface?
On an MDOT-type highway job, when is a prime coat used instead of a tack coat?
OSHA fall heights, to scale
For dense-graded HMA, what is the usual minimum compacted lift thickness relative to the mix's nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS)?
For most dense-graded HMA mixes, when should breakdown and intermediate rolling generally be finished relative to mat temperature?
In a conventional HMA rolling train, what is the usual sequence of roller functions?
When paving the hot lane against a previously placed cold HMA lane, how should the longitudinal joint generally be constructed and compacted?
How should a transverse (header) joint in HMA generally be prepared before the next paving pull?
What is aggregate segregation in an HMA mat, and where does it most often start?
On an HMA paving job, what is a nuclear density gauge primarily used to check?
After rolling, what in-place air-void range does the Hot-Mix Asphalt Paving Handbook generally associate with a properly compacted dense-graded mat?
Why do many highway and airfield HMA specifications require or encourage a material transfer vehicle (MTV) between the truck and the paver?
What is the main function of the paver screed?
Why does cold, windy weather make HMA compaction more difficult on a thin lift?
What is the principal reason for cold-milling an existing asphalt pavement before an overlay?
Immediately before placing an HMA overlay, what surface condition is required?
A truck arrives with HMA that has cooled well below the job-mix placement range. What is the most likely field result if that load is placed anyway?
What is the characteristic compaction action of a pneumatic (rubber-tired) roller on HMA compared with a steel-wheel roller?
A crew places 400 tons of HMA on 3,200 SY. Using 110 lb/SY/inch, what compacted thickness was actually placed?
A 12-foot travel lane is designed with a 2% cross slope. What is the elevation difference from centerline to edge of pavement?
In a hot-mix asphalt mixture, what is the primary role of the asphalt binder?
A Superpave binder is graded PG 64-22. What do the two numbers mean?
How does stone-matrix asphalt (SMA) differ from a conventional dense-graded HMA wearing course?
Why is the unconfined edge of the first HMA pass often the lowest-density part of the mat?
Why should HMA haul trucks be tarped (covered) from the plant to the paver?
What is the main operational advantage of placing HMA in a windrow and picking it up into the paver, compared with dumping every truck directly into the hopper?
What is the purpose of a long averaging ski or mobile grade reference on an HMA paver?
Under the MSBOC Highway classification, which of the following statements about airport runway work is correct?
How does full-depth reclamation (FDR) differ from a mill-and-overlay?
A specification requires 2.00 inches of compacted HMA. If the mix is expected to compact about 20% from the loose thickness placed by the screed, what loose thickness should the paver target?
What is the difference between an end-bearing pile and a friction pile?
Piles
Using the Engineering News drop-hammer formula Q = 2WH / (S + 1), what is the allowable pile load if the ram weighs 5,000 lb, the drop is 10 feet, and the average set is 0.25 inch per blow?
Why must prestressed concrete piles be picked at the designated lift points shown on the shop drawings?
When is a pile splice typically required on a highway bridge foundation?
When is water jetting most appropriate as an aid to pile penetration, and what is the main caution?
A highway embankment requires 12,000 compacted cubic yards (CCY). The borrow shrinks 25% from bank to compacted state. How many bank cubic yards (BCY) must be excavated?
Excavation Grading
A cut yields 5,000 bank cubic yards (BCY). If the soil swells 25% when loaded into trucks, how many loose cubic yards (LCY) will be hauled?
Under OSHA 29 CFR 1926 Subpart P, at what depth must a protective system generally be used when employees enter an excavation, unless the excavation is entirely in stable rock?
In a trench 4 feet or deeper, OSHA requires a stairway, ladder, ramp, or other safe means of egress so that no employee has more than what lateral travel distance to reach it?
How far must excavated spoil and equipment generally be kept from the edge of an excavation under OSHA rules?
For a simple slope in Type C soil, 20 feet deep or less, what is OSHA's maximum allowable slope?
When must a competent person inspect an excavation under OSHA 1926.651(k)?
An embankment specification requires compaction to 95% of standard Proctor maximum dry density. If the laboratory maximum dry density is 120 lb/ft³, what in-place dry density is the minimum acceptable?
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