IMCP / CENEVAL Examen Uniforme de Certificación en Contabilidad y Auditoría Gubernamental (EUC-CYAG)

Under Article 1 of the Ley General de Contabilidad Gubernamental (LGCG), who must comply with the law?

• AOnly the federal Executive branch and its paraestatal entities; the states apply their ow…
• BAll branches and orders of government, including municipalities, paraestatal entities and…
• CThe federal and state branches of government, but not municipal ayuntamientos, which foll…
• DOnly the states and municipalities that sign a harmonization agreement with the SHCP

What is the Consejo Nacional de Armonización Contable (CONAC)?

• AThe body that audits the federal Cuenta Pública and sanctions irregularities in the use o…
• BA unit of the SHCP that prepares the federal Cuenta Pública each year
• CThe body that issues the accounting norms public entities must adopt
• DA consultative committee of state comptrollers whose opinions are optional

Under Article 8 of the LGCG, who presides over the CONAC?

• AThe Auditor Superior de la Federación
• BThe chair of the Chamber of Deputies' Budget and Cuenta Pública Committee
• CThe president of the Instituto Mexicano de Contadores Públicos
• DThe Secretary of Hacienda y Crédito Público

According to Article 7 of the LGCG, how do the norms approved by CONAC become applicable to public entities?

• AThey apply only after each state congress ratifies them in a local decree
• BThey are published in the DOF and local media, and entities adopt them within CONAC's dea…
• CThey apply only to federal entities; states and municipalities may adopt them voluntarily
• DThey take effect at the start of the next federal administration

Which postulado básico de contabilidad gubernamental requires transactions to be recorded according to their economic essence rather than only their legal form?

• ASustancia económica
• BDevengo contable
• CEnte público
• DConsistencia

Under the postulado básico of ente público, what is the accounting entity in government accounting?

• AAny private contractor that carries out public works financed with federal or state funds
• BOnly the treasury office (tesorería) of each order of government, which handles the money
• COnly state-owned companies with their own legal personality, capital and board
• DEach unit created by law to carry out public functions, with its own patrimony

What does the postulado básico of devengo contable establish?

• ATransactions are recorded only when cash enters or leaves the treasury
• BExpenditures are recognized when the budget is approved, and revenue when the revenue law…
• CTransactions are recognized when the rights and obligations arise, whether or not collect…
• DRevenue is recorded when cash is received, while expenditures are recorded when purchase…

Under the postulado básico of período contable, what period does government accounting use?

• A1 July to 30 June of the following year, as in some other countries
• BA period set by each ayuntamiento or state legislature
• CThe six-year term of the federal administration
• DThe calendar year (1 January to 31 December)

What does the postulado básico of valuación require?

• AIn national currency, restated each month by the INPC for all items
• BIn pesos, normally at historical cost, or another value where CONAC rules provide
• CAt estimated replacement cost, updated by independent appraisers every quarter
• DIn US dollars or another strong currency, to allow international comparison

According to Article 19 of the LGCG, which feature must a government accounting system have?

• AIt integrates budget execution with accounting automatically from the gasto devengado
• BIt records only budgetary operations; patrimonial accounting is prepared separately by th…
• CIt records operations on a cash basis, which is simpler to audit
• DIt generates financial statements once a year, after the external audit is completed

What is the function of CONAC's matriz de conversión?

• AIt converts peso amounts into US dollars for international reporting
• BIt generates patrimonial entries automatically from budget classifications and moments
• CIt reconciles the entity's bank statements with the treasury's records each month
• DIt calculates depreciation for each asset class using the useful lives set by CONAC

What are the levels of CONAC's plan de cuentas for public entities?

• ACapítulo, concepto, partida genérica and partida específica
• BRubro, tipo, clase and concepto
• CRamo, unidad responsable, programa and actividad
• DGénero, grupo, rubro, cuenta and subcuenta

In CONAC's plan de cuentas, what do géneros 7 and 8 correspond to?

• AGénero 7: activo no circulante; género 8: pasivo no circulante
• BGénero 7: ingresos y otros beneficios; género 8: gastos y otras pérdidas
• CCuentas de orden contables and cuentas de orden presupuestarias
• DGénero 7: cuentas de cierre contable; género 8: deuda pública

Within género 8 (cuentas de orden presupuestarias), which groups record the revenue and expenditure budget cycles?

• AGrupo 8.1 Ley de Ingresos and grupo 8.2 Presupuesto de Egresos
• BGrupo 8.1 deuda interna and grupo 8.2 deuda externa
• CGrupo 8.1 fondos federales and grupo 8.2 fondos municipales
• DGrupo 8.1 ingresos recaudados and grupo 8.2 egresos pagados

What are cuentas de orden contables (género 7) used for in government entities?

• ATo record the approved budget and its execution moments
• BTo record contingent items such as guarantees and lawsuits in progress
• CTo record ordinary purchases of office supplies before they are paid
• DTo record the fortnightly payroll until it is paid

What are the levels of CONAC's clasificador por objeto del gasto (COG)?

• ARubro, tipo, clase and concepto, as in the revenue classifier
• BCapítulo, concepto and partida genérica (plus partidas específicas)
• CGénero, grupo, rubro, cuenta and subcuenta, as in the plan de cuentas
• DRamo, programa presupuestario, proyecto and actividad institucional

What is the main accounting difference between spending in capítulo 2000 (materiales y suministros) and capítulo 5000 (bienes muebles, inmuebles e intangibles)?

• ACapítulo 2000 purchases are capitalized as non-current assets, while capítulo 5000 purcha…
• BBoth chapters are capitalized, but only capítulo 5000 assets are depreciated
• CCapítulo 2000 is consumables; capítulo 5000 is durable assets that are capitalized and de…
• DCapítulo 5000 is used only for debt service and interest

What are the levels of CONAC's clasificador por rubros de ingresos (CRI)?

• ARubro, tipo, clase and concepto
• BGénero, grupo, rubro, cuenta and subcuenta
• COrdinary revenue, extraordinary revenue and final balance
• DCapítulo, partida genérica, subcuenta and auxiliar

A municipality collects (1) a fee for issuing a certified copy of a birth certificate, (2) rent for leasing a municipal warehouse that is private-domain property, and (3) a traffic fine. How are these revenues classified?

• A(1) Impuesto; (2) derecho; (3) producto
• B(1) Aprovechamiento; (2) impuesto; (3) derecho
• C(1) Producto; (2) aprovechamiento; (3) impuesto
• D(1) Derecho; (2) producto; (3) aprovechamiento

What is the main difference between participaciones federales (Ramo 28) and aportaciones federales (Ramo 33)?

• AParticipaciones are earmarked for purposes set in the law, while aportaciones may be used…
• BBoth are earmarked, but participaciones go only to states and aportaciones only to munici…
• CParticipaciones are loans that must be repaid, while aportaciones are grants
• DParticipaciones are freely available; aportaciones are earmarked by the Ley de Coordinaci…

Which budget classification groups expenditure by programs, projects and activities linked to the objectives and indicators of the Plan Nacional de Desarrollo?

• AAdministrative classification
• BEconomic classification
• CGeographic classification
• DProgrammatic classification

Under the economic classification of expenditure, how are the purchase of patrol vehicles and the payment of payroll classified?

• AVehicles: gasto de capital; payroll: gasto corriente
• BVehicles: gasto corriente; payroll: gasto de capital
• CBoth as gasto corriente
• DBoth as gasto de capital

What does the aprobado moment of expenditure (Article 38 of the LGCG) reflect?

• AThe electronic transfer of funds to suppliers and contractors
• BThe signing of contracts and purchase orders with suppliers
• CThe appropriations authorized in the approved expenditure budget
• DThe receipt and approval of supplier invoices by the accounts payable area

What does the modificado moment of expenditure reflect?

• AThe approved budget minus checks outstanding from the prior year
• BThe approved budget plus authorized ampliaciones and minus reducciones
• CThe approved budget minus the amounts already committed
• DThe amount accrued plus the amount still available to spend

How do CONAC rules define the comprometido moment of expenditure?

• AThe delivery of the goods to the warehouse and their acceptance by the receiving area
• BThe request for quotations from at least three suppliers before awarding
• CThe issuance of the payment order (CLC) by the administrative area
• DApproval of a legal act, such as a contract or order, that formalizes the obligation

A state health ministry signs a binding contract for MXN 5,000,000 of vaccines. No vaccines have been delivered yet. Which budget moment is recorded when the contract is signed?

• AGasto comprometido
• BGasto aprobado (again, for the contract)
• CGasto devengado
• DGasto pagado

Why is the devengado moment of expenditure the link between budgetary and patrimonial accounting?

• ABecause it is the moment when cash leaves the treasury
• BBecause it records budget execution and the patrimonial entry at the same time
• CBecause it is the moment when the appropriation is reserved for a contract
• DBecause it is the moment when the legislature approves the budget

The supplier delivers the MXN 5,000,000 of vaccines. The warehouse checks them, issues the receiving record and validates the CFDI. What budgetary and patrimonial entries are made?

• ABudget: from comprometido to modificado; patrimonial: no entry until payment
• BBudget: gasto pagado; patrimonial: debit inventarios and credit bancos
• CBudget: gasto devengado; patrimonial: debit inventarios, credit proveedores por pagar
• DBudget: gasto ejercido; patrimonial: debit gasto de funcionamiento and credit hacienda pú…

After validating the invoice, the ministry issues an authorized cuenta por liquidar certificada (CLC) to the state treasury to pay the supplier. Which budget moment is recorded when the payment order is issued?

• AGasto ejercido
• BGasto comprometido
• CGasto aprobado
• DGasto pagado

The state treasury sends a SPEI transfer to the supplier to settle the vaccine invoice. What entries are recorded?

• ABudget: gasto comprometido; patrimonial: debit gasto and credit pasivo
• BBudget: gasto devengado; patrimonial: debit caja and credit hacienda pública
• CBudget: ingreso recaudado; patrimonial: debit bancos and credit ingresos
• DBudget: gasto pagado; patrimonial: debit proveedores por pagar, credit bancos

At the start of the fiscal year, how does an entity record its approved expenditure budget in the cuentas de orden presupuestarias?

• ADebit 8.2.4 Presupuesto de egresos comprometido; credit 8.2.7 Presupuesto de egresos paga…
• BDebit 8.1.1 Ley de ingresos estimada; credit 8.1.2 Ley de ingresos por ejecutar
• CDebit 8.2.1 Presupuesto de egresos aprobado; credit 8.2.2 Presupuesto de egresos por ejer…
• DDebit 1.1.1 Bancos; credit 3.1 Hacienda pública contribuida

What does the estimado moment of revenue reflect?

• AThe cash deposited in the treasury on the last day of the year
• BThe amounts authorized in the annual Ley de Ingresos
• CThe amounts taxpayers declare in their monthly returns
• DThe revenue forecast prepared by the treasury, before legislative approval

What does the modificado moment of revenue reflect?

• AForeign exchange gains on the entity's foreign-currency debt
• BThe write-off of uncollectible property tax receivables from prior years
• CThe estimated revenue adjusted for authorized increases and reductions
• DThe difference between revenue collected and revenue accrued during the year

When is the devengado moment of revenue recognized?

• AWhen receipt forms are printed and distributed to the collection offices
• BWhen the ASF closes its audit of the Cuenta Pública for that year
• CWhen the Ley de Ingresos is published in the official gazette
• DWhen a legal right to collect arises, whether or not cash is received

What does the recaudado moment of revenue reflect?

• AThe approval of municipal tax rates in the Ley de Ingresos
• BThe actual collection that settles the taxpayer's obligation
• CThe issuance of a tax assessment (determinación) to the taxpayer
• DThe registration of debt securities on the stock exchange

A taxpayer pays MXN 12,000 of property tax (predial) at the municipal treasury. The amount had not been previously assessed on an individual basis. How is it recorded?

• ABudget: devengado and recaudado together; patrimonial: debit bancos, credit impuestos
• BBudget: ingreso estimado only; patrimonial: no entry
• CBudget: ingreso devengado only; patrimonial: debit cuentas por cobrar, credit impuestos
• DBudget: ingreso modificado only; patrimonial: debit cuentas de orden and credit pasivo

What is the government equivalent of the income statement under the LGCG, and what is its result called?

• AEstado de resultados, showing utilidad or pérdida neta
• BEstado de situación financiera, showing capital social
• CEstado de actividades, showing ahorro or desahorro de la gestión
• DEstado de flujos de efectivo, showing remaining liquidity

How is the equity section of a government entity's estado de situación financiera presented?

• ACapital social, reserva legal and utilidades retenidas
• BHacienda pública, divided into ingresos and gastos del ejercicio
• CPatrimonio neto, with contribuido only, since public entities do not accumulate results
• DHacienda pública/patrimonio: contribuido and generado

What does the estado de variación en la hacienda pública show?

• AThe changes in patrimonio contribuido and generado during the year
• BThe budget execution of expenditure by object of expenditure
• CThe cash inflows and outflows by activity
• DThe revenue collected compared with the Ley de Ingresos

What is the purpose of the estado analítico del ejercicio del presupuesto de egresos?

• ATo show the budget's impact on the entity's cash position month by month
• BTo compare revenue collected with the Ley de Ingresos, item by revenue item
• CTo show approved, modified, accrued and paid spending by classification
• DTo reconcile budgetary expenditure with the accounting expenses of the year

Which columns does CONAC's estado analítico de ingresos present?

• AAprobado, modificado, comprometido, devengado, ejercido and pagado
• BEstimado, ampliaciones y reducciones, modificado, devengado, recaudado, diferencia
• CEstimado, recaudado and diferencia only, without the accrued amounts or modifications
• DActivo, pasivo, hacienda pública/patrimonio and resultado del ejercicio

How does a government entity's estado de flujos de efectivo classify cash movements?

• AInto operating, investing and financing activities
• BInto federal, state and municipal activities
• CInto budgetary and non-budgetary activities only
• DInto short-term and long-term activities

Which three types of notes must accompany a government entity's financial statements under CONAC rules?

• ANotas de desglose, notas fiscales and notas de auditoría
• BNotas de memoria, notas de gestión and notas presupuestarias
• CNotas de desglose, de memoria and de gestión administrativa
• DNotas de políticas contables, de riesgos and de hechos posteriores

In the reconciliation between budgetary expenditure and accounting expenses (conciliación entre los egresos presupuestarios y los gastos contables), how is the purchase of equipment under capítulo 5000 treated?

• AIt is added as an accounting expense because it used budget resources
• BIt is added to budgetary expenditure because it is not in the budget
• CIt is reported only in the notes and not in the reconciliation
• DIt is subtracted, because it is capitalized as an asset, not expensed

In the reconciliation between budgetary revenue and accounting revenue, how are the proceeds of a new long-term bank loan treated?

• AThey are accounting revenue, because they increase the entity's cash and bank balances
• BThey are subtracted: budgetary revenue, but a liability rather than accounting revenue
• CThey are added, because loans are not budgetary revenue under the CRI
• DThey are recorded as other income (otros ingresos y beneficios varios)

How is periodic depreciation of furniture, vehicles and equipment recorded under CONAC rules?

• AAs an expense with a credit to accumulated depreciation, without a budget moment
• BAs gasto devengado in capítulo 5000 each year
• CAs a reduction of hacienda pública contribuida, without affecting the result
• DOnly in memorandum accounts, as an estimated loss

Under Title V of the LGCG, how often and by when must public entities publish their financial information on their websites?

• AAt least quarterly, within 30 natural days after each period closes
• BAnnually, within 90 days after the end of the fiscal year
• CMonthly, within the first five business days of the next month
• DEvery six months, together with the reports to Congress