CENEVAL EGEL Plus Trabajo Social (EGEL Plus TSOC)

In the historical development of social casework, what was Mary Richmond's foundational contribution established in her 1917 work 'Social Diagnosis'?

• AThe formulation of the first systematic methodology for social investigation, psycho-soci…
• BThe introduction of psychoanalytic drive theory as the sole explanatory mechanism for cri…
• CThe institutionalization of unconditional cash transfers as the universal instrument of p…
• DThe development of dialectical materialism applied to grassroots labor union organizing

In family-centered social work assessment, what is the primary diagnostic utility of constructing a three-generation genogram (familiograma)?

• ATo map structural composition, multigenerational relationship patterns, and hereditary or…
• BTo depict the family's exchanges of energy and resources with external systems such as sc…
• CTo record the household's income, expenses and housing conditions in a socioeconomic study
• DTo map the pattern of attractions and rejections among members of a group through a socio…

Which social work intervention model, developed by William J. Reid and Laura Epstein, emphasizes time-limited, highly structured sessions focused exclusively on specific, client-acknowledged target problems?

• ATask-centered model (Modelo centrado en la tarea)
• BTraditional psychoanalytic model
• CCritical-emancipatory concientización model
• DEcosystemic natural adaptation model

A community survey asks residents to rate their satisfaction with public services on a five-point scale (1 = very dissatisfied … 5 = very satisfied). What level of measurement does this Likert-type item produce?

• ANominal
• BOrdinal
• CInterval with a true zero (ratio)
• DContinuous ratio, like income in pesos

According to Jack Rothman's classic typology of community organization models, which approach focuses on broad civic participation, self-help, and democratic leadership development at the neighborhood level?

• ALocality Development (Desarrollo de la comunidad / de la localidad)
• BSocial Planning (Planificación social)
• CSocial Action (Acción social)
• DPolicy Advocacy (Cabildeo legislativo)

In crisis intervention theory as formulated by Gerald Caplan and Erich Lindemann, what is the typical temporal duration of an acute psychological crisis before reaching an adaptive or maladaptive equilibrium?

• AFour to six weeks
• BTwenty-four to forty-eight hours
• CSix to twelve months
• DTwo to three years

What is the primary objective of a social worker employing Paulo Freire's critical-emancipatory pedagogical approach in marginalized communities?

• AFacilitating critical consciousness (concientización) through dialogic reflection to empo…
• BTransmitting expert knowledge to the community through lectures so that residents adopt h…
• CCoordinating the efficient delivery of public services through technical planning by spec…
• DProviding individual psychotherapy to help residents adapt to their social environment

In Salvador Minuchin's structural family therapy framework, which type of subsystem boundary is present when family members are emotionally isolated from one another and show minimal mutual responsiveness?

• ARigid boundaries (Límites rígidos / Sistema desvinculado)
• BDiffuse boundaries (Límites difusos / Sistema aglutinado)
• CClear boundaries (Límites claros / Sistema funcional)
• DPermeable developmental boundaries

A social worker plans a survey to estimate the proportion of households in a large municipality that lack social security. With 95% confidence (z = 1.96), a maximum margin of error of 5 percentage points and the most conservative assumption p = 0.5, what minimum sample size is needed? (n = z² · p · (1 − p) / e²)

• A97
• B196
• C385
• D1,537

In small group social work development (Tuckman; Garland, Jones & Kolodny), which stage is characterized by conflict over leadership, member role negotiation, and resistance to established structure?

• AStorming / Power and Control (Etapa de conflicto o poder y control)
• BForming / Pre-affiliation (Etapa de formación o preafiliación)
• CNorming / Intimacy (Etapa de normalización o intimidad)
• DAdjourning / Separation (Etapa de disolución o separación)

In a diagnosis of a neighborhood, monthly household incomes are strongly skewed: most households earn little, while a few earn a great deal. Which measure best represents the typical household's income?

• AThe arithmetic mean
• BThe median
• CThe range
• DThe standard deviation

What is the defining characteristic of the Social Planning model within Jack Rothman's community intervention framework?

• AA technical, rational problem-solving process led by expert planners to design and delive…
• BOrganizing disadvantaged residents to confront power holders and demand a redistribution…
• CBuilding residents' self-help capacity and consensus through broad participation in the n…
• DGuiding a small group through stages of development so that its members support one anoth…

Under Article 26, Section A of the Mexican Constitution, what is the Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (PND)?

• AA non-binding reference document drafted and approved by the Senate
• BThe plan, drawn up through democratic participation, to which the programs of the Federal…
• CA plan approved separately by each state congress, which applies only to state programs
• DA sectoral program limited to social development, coordinated by the Secretaría de Bienes…

In the classical casework process (estudio, diagnóstico, tratamiento, evaluación), what occurs during the contractual or agreement phase (establecimiento del contrato social)?

• AThe explicit definition of shared intervention goals, mutual roles, responsibilities, mee…
• BThe collection of information about the client's history, family and environment
• CThe definitive closing of the case file and the review of the goals achieved
• DThe social worker's unilateral design of the treatment plan, which the client is then inf…

In social planning (for example, in Ander-Egg's terms), how do a plan, a program and a project relate to one another?

• AThey are synonyms that differ only in the size of the budget
• BA plan sets broad goals and groups several programs; a program groups related projects; a…
• CA project is the broadest level and contains several plans, each of which contains progra…
• DA program is a single activity, and a plan is the budget that finances it

In William Schwartz's interactional model of social group work, how is the concept of 'mutual aid' (ayuda mutua) operationalized?

• AAs a collaborative dynamic where group members share experiences, challenge denial, provi…
• BAs a process in which the facilitator provides expert solutions that each member applies…
• CAs a set of individual counseling sessions held with each member in the presence of the o…
• DAs the formal exchange of material resources, such as food or money, among group members

What distinguishes formative evaluation from summative evaluation of a social program?

• AFormative evaluation is carried out during implementation to improve the program, whereas…
• BFormative evaluation measures long-term impact, whereas summative evaluation checks the d…
• CFormative evaluation uses only quantitative data, whereas summative evaluation uses only…
• DFormative evaluation is carried out by external evaluators, whereas summative evaluation…

In social program evaluation, what does efficiency (eficiencia) measure?

• AThe degree to which the program achieved its stated objectives
• BThe relationship between the results obtained and the resources (money, time, staff) used…
• CThe long-term changes in the population that can be attributed to the program
• DThe extent to which the program responds to the real needs of the population

In Saul Alinsky's community organizing paradigm (Rules for Radicals), what is the central operational mechanism for achieving social change for disenfranchised communities?

• ABuilding power through disciplined grassroots organizations that use strategic conflict,…
• BBuilding consensus among all local actors, including authorities, through cooperative dia…
• CHaving expert planners design services that authorities then deliver to the community
• DRaising critical consciousness through literacy circles before undertaking any collective…

What is the primary analytical function of an Ecomap (Ecomapa) when assessing a family in clinical and community social work?

• AGraphically portraying the presence, quality, and intensity of energy and resource exchan…
• BRecording the family's structure and relationship patterns across at least three generati…
• CPlotting the stages of the family life cycle that the household has gone through
• DMeasuring the family's income against the official poverty line

In Murray Bowen's Family Systems Theory, what dynamic describes a situation where an unstable two-person relationship reduces interpersonal tension by pulling in a vulnerable third party?

• ATriangulation (Triangulación)
• BEnmeshment (Aglutinamiento)
• CEmotional cutoff (Corte emocional)
• DParentification (Parentificación)

In Oscar Jara's proposal of 'five times' (cinco tiempos) for systematizing experiences, what is done in the stage called 'la reflexión de fondo'?

• AReconstructing the chronology of what happened and organizing the available records
• BDefining the objective, the object and the axis (eje) of the systematization
• CCritically interpreting the process: analyzing why things happened as they did, including…
• DFormulating conclusions and communicating the lessons learned

What is the primary structural characteristic distinguishing an 'open group' from a 'closed group' in social group work practice?

• AAn open group allows new members to join and departing members to leave throughout its li…
• BAn open group lets members speak freely about any topic, whereas a closed group follows a…
• CAn open group is open to the public as observers, whereas a closed group keeps its sessio…
• DAn open group has no set number of sessions, whereas a closed group always lasts exactly…

According to Oscar Jara's approach, who should carry out the systematization of an experience?

• AExternal evaluators with no involvement in the experience, to guarantee objectivity
• BThe people who took part in the experience, possibly with external support
• CThe funding agency, which needs to account for the resources invested
• DUniversity researchers only, since systematization is an academic exercise

How does Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD / Enfoque basado en activos) fundamentally differ from the traditional needs-deficit model in community social intervention?

• AIt begins by discovering, mobilizing, and connecting existing local capacities, citizen s…
• BIt starts from a detailed inventory of the community's problems and deficits in order to…
• CIt relies on external experts to design and deliver services, with residents as beneficia…
• DIt focuses on confronting local authorities to force a redistribution of resources

According to Felix Biestek's ethical framework of the casework relationship, how is the principle of 'client self-determination' (autodeterminación) applied in professional practice?

• ARecognizing the client's practical and moral right and need to make their own choices and…
• BThe worker chooses the best option for the client, because professional knowledge outweig…
• CThe client's decisions must be respected without limit, even when they seriously endanger…
• DThe worker withholds information about options so as not to influence the client's decisi…

In the systematization of experiences, what is the 'eje de sistematización'?

• AThe chronological timeline of all the activities carried out
• BThe central thread or focus that sets which aspects of the experience will be reconstruct…
• CThe set of quantitative indicators used to measure the results achieved
• DThe final report delivered to the funding institution

Read the Spanish passage and answer. 'El trabajo de cuidados (atender a niñas y niños, a personas mayores o con discapacidad) recae mayoritariamente en las mujeres y no suele ser remunerado. Reconocerlo como un trabajo, y no como una expresión natural del afecto, es el primer paso para redistribuirlo entre los hogares, la comunidad, el mercado y el Estado.' What is the main idea of the passage?

• ALos cuidados deben seguir a cargo de las mujeres porque son una expresión natural del afe…
• BReconocer los cuidados como trabajo es necesario para redistribuirlos de manera más equit…
• CEl Estado debe asumir por completo el trabajo de cuidados.
• DEl trabajo de cuidados ya está bien remunerado en la mayoría de los hogares.

Read the Spanish passage and answer. 'En la localidad, el 80 % de las personas mayores recibe la pensión universal; sin embargo, la mitad de ellas debe recorrer más de dos horas para cobrarla en la sucursal bancaria más cercana, y muchas dependen de un familiar para trasladarse.' Which statement can be inferred from the passage?

• ALa pensión no llega a la mayoría de las personas mayores de la localidad.
• BLas personas mayores prefieren no cobrar la pensión.
• CLa cobertura del programa es alta, pero el acceso efectivo al pago enfrenta barreras de d…
• DTodas las personas mayores de la localidad dependen de un familiar para trasladarse.

In social network analysis and community organizing, Mark Granovetter's thesis on the 'strength of weak ties' (la fuerza de los lazos débiles) demonstrates that:

• AAcquaintances and distant social connections are more effective than close kin for bridgi…
• BStrong ties with close family and friends are the main route to new job opportunities
• CWeak ties provide more emotional support than strong ties in times of crisis
• DDense, closed networks in which everyone knows everyone are best for spreading new inform…

Which option correctly completes the Spanish sentence: '___ muchas familias que viven ___ desde hace años. ¡___, qué difícil ha sido para ellas!'?

• AAhí / hay / Ay
• BHay / ahí / Ay
• CAy / ahí / Hay
• DHay / ay / Ahí

Which salutation for an official letter (oficio) written in Spanish follows the RAE's punctuation and capitalization norms?

• AEstimada licenciada Pérez, Por medio del presente le informo que…
• BEstimada licenciada Pérez: Por medio del presente le informo que…
• CEstimada Licenciada Pérez: por medio del presente le informo que…
• DEstimada licenciada Pérez; Por medio del presente le informo que…

The Spanish sentence 'La trabajadora social se reunió con la directora y le informó que su reporte estaba incompleto' is ambiguous, because it is unclear whose report it was. Which rewrite removes the ambiguity without losing information?

• ALa trabajadora social se reunió con la directora; le informó que su reporte estaba incomp…
• BLa trabajadora social y la directora se reunieron, y su reporte estaba incompleto.
• CLa trabajadora social informó a la directora que el reporte elaborado por esta estaba inc…
• DSe informó que el reporte estaba incompleto.

During the termination phase (fase de cierre o egreso) of social casework, what is the primary clinical task of the social worker?

• AConsolidating client achievements, addressing feelings of separation or loss, and develop…
• BOpening new problem areas so the client does not feel abandoned when the process ends
• CEnding the relationship without advance notice to avoid prolonging the client's dependence
• DTransferring the client to another service automatically, whether or not further support…

Which type of document records, in summary form, the agreements, responsible persons and deadlines reached at a meeting?

• AOficio
• BMinuta
• CInforme social
• DDiario de campo

In social work methodology as conceptualized by Ezequiel Ander-Egg and María del Carmen Mendoza Rangel, how is a 'social diagnosis' (diagnóstico social) rigorously defined?

• AA dynamic synthesis and analytical interpretation of collected social data that identifie…
• BA complete inventory of all the data collected about the case, organized by source
• CThe list of actions and resources that will be used to intervene in the situation
• DA final judgment on the results obtained after the intervention

What is the primary technical purpose of conducting a home visit (visita domiciliaria) during a comprehensive socio-economic study (estudio socioeconómico)?

• ADirectly observing the family's physical living conditions, neighborhood habitat, family…
• BReplacing the interview, since direct observation makes it unnecessary to ask the family…
• CChecking the family's statements for inconsistencies in order to deny support if any are…
• DDelivering the benefit agreed in the intervention plan

In project planning methodology, how are the structural components of a 'Problem Tree' (Árbol de problemas) conceptually mapped?

• AThe trunk represents the central focal problem, the roots represent the root causes, and…
• BThe trunk represents the central problem, the roots represent its effects, and the branch…
• CThe trunk represents the project's general objective, the roots its activities, and the b…
• DThe trunk represents the target population, the roots its needs, and the branches the ava…

In Participatory Action Research (PAR / Investigación-Acción Participativa), formulated by Orlando Fals Borda, what epistemological shift occurs regarding the relationship between the researcher and community members?

• AThe traditional hierarchical subject-object dichotomy is dismantled, transforming communi…
• BThe researcher keeps a neutral distance from the community to avoid contaminating the data
• CCommunity members are consulted as informants, while the researcher alone defines the pro…
• DThe community carries out the research alone, and academic knowledge is excluded from the…

In social research and community diagnostic design, what is the primary methodological benefit of employing 'triangulation' (triangulación metodológica)?

• ACombining multiple data sources, investigators, or quantitative and qualitative methods t…
• BIncreasing the sample size so that the survey results reach statistical significance
• CApplying the same questionnaire three times to the same group to measure its reliability
• DChoosing the single most appropriate method for the problem and discarding the rest

In the Logical Framework Approach (Metodología de Marco Lógico), which structural level of the objective hierarchy defines the direct operational outcome or specific effect that the project aims to achieve upon completion?

• APurpose (Propósito / Objetivo específico)
• BGoal (Fin / Objetivo general)
• COutputs (Componentes / Bienes y servicios)
• DActivities (Actividades / Tareas operativas)

When formulating indicators for monitoring and evaluating social projects, what do the SMART criteria specifically mandate?

• AIndicators must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound
• BIndicators must be Social, Monetary, Aggregated, Representative, and Transparent
• CIndicators must be Strategic, Measurable, Approved, Reported, and Timely
• DIndicators must be Specific, Motivating, Ambitious, Rigorous, and Transformative

In project planning methodology, how is an Objectives Tree (Árbol de objetivos o de medios y fines) derived from an initial Problem Tree (Árbol de problemas)?

• ABy converting each negative condition of the problem tree into a realistic, positively ph…
• BBy listing the activities the agency already carries out and grouping them under the cent…
• CBy converting only the effects into objectives, since the causes cannot be modified
• DBy selecting the most urgent effect and making it the project's only objective

What is the primary methodological distinction between a Process Evaluation (Evaluación de proceso) and an Impact Evaluation (Evaluación de impacto) in social programming?

• AProcess evaluation examines program implementation fidelity, operational efficiency, and…
• BProcess evaluation measures changes in beneficiaries' well-being, whereas impact evaluati…
• CProcess evaluation is carried out before the program starts, to decide whether it is viab…
• DProcess evaluation uses only qualitative methods, whereas impact evaluation uses only sur…

What is the primary objective of Social Cartography (Cartografía social) or participatory community mapping in social diagnosis?

• AEnabling community residents to collectively construct visual maps that depict territoria…
• BProducing a precise, scaled cartographic map of the territory with GPS for official land…
• CHaving technicians map the community's needs and present the results to residents for app…
• DLocating the addresses of the households that will be surveyed in a probability sample

Under Mexico's official multidimensional poverty methodology—maintained by INEGI after it assumed CONEVAL's functions in July 2025—which six social deprivations are evaluated alongside per capita income?

• AEducational lag, access to health services, access to social security, quality and spaces…
• BEducational lag, unemployment, access to credit, household debt, neighborhood crime, and…
• CAccess to health services, disability status, labor informality, migration status, househ…
• DAccess to social security, income volatility, food expenditure, school attendance, home o…

When designing a qualitative Focus Group (Grupo focal) for a community needs assessment, what is considered the optimal group size and compositional dynamic?

• ASix to ten participants who share relevant experiential commonalities but possess suffici…
• BTwenty to thirty participants chosen at random, so that the results can be generalized st…
• CTwo or three participants who hold opposing views, so the discussion becomes a debate
• DSix to ten participants who each answer the facilitator's questions in turn, without inte…

In social project planning, what is the primary purpose of constructing a Stakeholder Matrix (Mapa o matriz de actores / análisis de involucrados)?

• AIdentifying key individuals, groups, and institutions, and analyzing their interests, exp…
• BIdentifying the root causes and effects of the central problem the project will address
• CRanking the project's alternatives by cost and expected effectiveness
• DAssigning responsibilities and deadlines to each member of the project team