CENEVAL EGEL Plus Ingeniería de Software (EGEL Plus ISOFT)

A software engineering team is estimating the size of a banking application using Albrecht's Function Point Analysis (FPA). The system has 5 External Inputs (low complexity, weight = 3), 4 External Outputs (medium complexity, weight = 5), and 3 Internal Logical Files (high complexity, weight = 15). What is the total Unadjusted Function Point (UFP) count for these components?

• A80 UFP
• B65 UFP
• C95 UFP
• D47 UFP

In requirements prioritization using the MoSCoW technique, what does the letter 'M' stand for, and how are those requirements characterized?

• AMajor have; important requirements that should be implemented if time permits
• BMust have; non-negotiable requirements without which the release is considered a failure
• CMinimum have; the smallest feature set that could still be released (the minimum viable p…
• DMandatory have; requirements imposed by law, as distinct from business needs

Which architectural pattern isolates the core business logic from frameworks, user interfaces and infrastructure by letting the outside world interact with the core only through ports (interfaces the core defines) implemented by adapters (technology-specific code)?

• ALayered (N-Tier) Architecture with top-down dependencies
• BPipe and Filter Architecture
• CHexagonal Architecture (Ports and Adapters)
• DClient-Server Monolithic Architecture

A function sets shipping rates by order weight: 0 kg or less is invalid; more than 0 kg up to 5 kg costs MXN 100; more than 5 kg up to 20 kg costs MXN 250; more than 20 kg costs MXN 500. Using two-value boundary value analysis, which test weights check the boundary between the MXN 100 and MXN 250 tiers?

• A0 kg and 0.1 kg
• B20.0 kg and 20.1 kg
• C2.5 kg and 12.5 kg
• D5.0 kg and 5.1 kg

What is the cyclomatic complexity V(G) of a control-flow graph with 11 nodes, 15 edges and 1 connected component?

• A6
• B4
• C8
• D12

In user story authoring, the INVEST mnemonic defines the characteristics of high-quality product backlog items. What does the letter 'I' stand for?

• AIntegrated; each story must be merged with related stories before it can be estimated
• BIndependent; stories should be self-contained, with minimal dependencies on other stories
• CIterative; each story is expected to be delivered over several Sprints
• DImmutable; stories cannot be changed once the team accepts them

Which Gang of Four (GoF) structural design pattern attaches additional responsibilities or behavior to an object dynamically at runtime as an alternative to subclassing?

• AAdapter Pattern
• BFacade Pattern
• CDecorator Pattern
• DComposite Pattern

In Test-Driven Development (TDD), what is the correct sequence of phases in the fundamental development cycle?

• AGreen (write passing code) → Red (write tests until one fails) → Refactor
• BRefactor (clean existing code) → Red (break functionality) → Green (fix the break)
• CDesign UML → Write production code → Manual regression testing
• DRed (write a failing test) → Green (write the minimum code to pass) → Refactor (clean up…

According to the ISO/IEC 25010 Software Product Quality Model (SQuaRE), which quality characteristic evaluates the degree to which a software product can exchange information with other products and perform its required functions while sharing common environments?

• ACompatibility (including Interoperability and Co-existence)
• BMaintainability (including Modularity and Reusability)
• CUsability (including Learnability and Operability)
• DPortability (including Adaptability and Installability)

In Basic COCOMO, the effort equation for organic projects is Effort = 2.4 × (KLOC)^1.05 person-months. What is the estimated effort for a 10 KLOC organic project? (Use 10^1.05 ≈ 11.22.)

• A24.0 person-months
• B26.9 person-months
• C11.2 person-months
• D57.6 person-months

Which UML diagram models the dynamic interactions between objects across time, depicting message calls chronologically along vertical lifelines?

• AClass Diagram
• BComponent Diagram
• CSequence Diagram
• DDeployment Diagram

What is the primary role of a Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM) across the software engineering lifecycle?

• ARecording each requirement's priority and the release in which it will be delivered
• BListing every change request and whether it was approved
• CMapping each test case to the defects it has found
• DLinking each requirement to its design, code and tests, and back to its source

In Jakob Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design, what does 'Visibility of System Status' require?

• AThe system should always keep users informed about what is going on through appropriate f…
• BThe system should speak the users' language, with words and concepts familiar to them rat…
• CUsers need a clearly marked way to leave an unwanted state, such as undo and cancel
• DThe design should prevent problems from occurring, for example by checking input before t…

What is the main difference between git merge and git rebase when integrating a feature branch with main?

• Agit merge rewrites the feature branch's commits with new hashes, while git rebase keeps t…
• BMerge keeps the branch history with a merge commit; rebase rewrites the commits into a li…
• Cgit merge replays each commit individually, while git rebase combines all commits into on…
• DThey produce identical histories and differ only in how conflicts are displayed

Which software maintenance category refers to modifications performed to proactively detect and correct latent faults in a software product before they become operational failures?

• ACorrective Maintenance
• BAdaptive Maintenance
• CPreventive Maintenance
• DPerfective Maintenance

In continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD), what is the difference between Continuous Delivery and Continuous Deployment?

• AContinuous delivery builds and tests every commit, while continuous deployment builds onl…
• BContinuous delivery releases to production automatically, while continuous deployment wai…
• CContinuous delivery applies to web applications, while continuous deployment applies only…
• DDelivery keeps every change releasable but needs a manual go-ahead; deployment releases a…

In behavior-driven development (BDD), what structured syntax template is used to write executable acceptance criteria?

• AGiven [precondition], When [action occurs], Then [expected outcome]
• BAs a [role], I want [feature], So that [business benefit]
• CSelect [columns] From [table] Where [condition]
• DInput [variables], Process [algorithm], Output [results]

Which software architecture style relies on producing, detecting, and consuming asynchronous event notifications, allowing components to remain highly decoupled and independently scalable?

• AMainframe Monolithic Architecture
• BEvent-Driven Architecture (EDA)
• CPipe and Filter Architecture with synchronous blocking
• DShared Memory Blackboard Architecture

What is the primary indicator of the 'Feature Envy' code smell in object-oriented software design?

• AA class that has more than 5,000 lines of executable code and 50 methods
• BTwo subclasses that duplicate identical algorithms in their constructor methods
• CA method in Class A accesses the data and methods of Class B far more than it accesses it…
• DA method that accepts a parameter list with more than 10 arguments

In software testing, what is 'Mutation Testing' designed to evaluate?

• AThe percentage of source statements that the test suite executes
• BHow the system behaves under loads beyond its expected peak
• CWhether recent changes broke features that used to work
• DHow well the tests detect small faults deliberately injected into the code

In the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), at which maturity level are software processes quantitatively measured, controlled with statistical process control (SPC), and predictable?

• ALevel 4: Quantitatively Managed
• BLevel 2: Managed
• CLevel 3: Defined
• DLevel 5: Optimizing

In software requirement specifications (such as IEEE 830 or ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148), why is a requirement stating 'The search function must be fast and user-friendly' considered defective?

• AIt specifies software architecture before the user interface has been designed
• BIt is ambiguous, subjective, and non-verifiable because it lacks objective, measurable ac…
• CIt combines front-end and back-end logic in a single sentence
• DSearch functions cannot be classified as requirements under IEEE standards

What is the primary role of the Gang of Four (GoF) 'Observer' behavioral design pattern?

• ARestricting class instantiation to a single shared instance throughout the application li…
• BProviding a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it
• CA one-to-many dependency in which dependents are notified automatically of state changes
• DConverting the interface of a legacy class into an interface clients expect

In software architecture, what does 'High Cohesion' and 'Low Coupling' indicate about a software system?

• AModules share internal private variables and memory pointers directly across threads
• BEvery module depends on all the other modules in the system to guarantee communication
• CModules are grouped by technical type, such as all controllers together and all utilities…
• DElements within a module are closely related and focused on a single, well-defined purpos…

What is the primary objective of a 'Smoke Test' (Build Verification Test) executed immediately after a new software build is compiled?

• AQuickly checking that the most critical functions work and the build is stable enough to…
• BRe-running the full regression suite to confirm that no existing feature broke
• CSimulating 1,000,000 concurrent users to stress-test the database limits
• DHaving end users validate the build against their acceptance criteria

Which software engineering elicitation technique brings key business stakeholders, end users, system architects, and developers together in an intensive, structured facilitated workshop to rapidly define system requirements?

• AUnstructured One-on-One Interview
• BJoint Application Development (JAD) Workshop
• CAnonymous Online User Survey
• DPassive Ethnographic Observation

In a UML use case diagram, what does an «include» relationship from use case A to use case B mean?

• AUse Case B is an optional extension executed only when specific conditional triggers occur
• BUse Case B is a subclass that inherits all behaviors of Use Case A
• CUse Case B is an unconditional, mandatory sub-routine executed every time Use Case A is e…
• DUse Case B can only be executed by an external automated system actor

Which of the following describes the Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) from the SOLID design principles?

• AA class should only have a single reason to change
• BHigh-level modules should not depend on low-level modules; both should depend on abstract…
• CClients should not be forced to depend upon interfaces they do not use
• DObjects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without brea…

In white-box testing, which coverage criterion requires every decision outcome, both true and false, to be exercised at least once?

• ABranch Coverage (Decision Coverage)
• BStatement Coverage
• CPath Coverage
• DFunction Coverage

In software configuration management, what does the term 'baseline' mean?

• AThe most recent commit on the main branch of the repository
• BA formally approved version that can change only through change control
• CPerformance measurements taken before optimization, used for later comparison
• DA working copy that any developer may change freely until the next release

What is the primary purpose of the 'Adapter' design pattern in software development?

• ACreating complex objects step-by-step using fluent method chaining
• BEnsuring that a class has only one instance with a global access point
• CConverting a class's interface into the interface clients expect
• DDecoupling an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently

An agile team is conducting a sprint planning session. The team has 6 developers, each with 30 available hours in a 2-week sprint. If historical velocity shows that 1 Story Point takes approximately 6 hours of effort, what is the team's estimated capacity in Story Points for the upcoming sprint?

• A36 Story Points
• B180 Story Points
• C25 Story Points
• D30 Story Points

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.x, including 2.1 and 2.2) are organized under four principles. Which are they?

• APerceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust (POUR)
• BFast, Functional, Flexible, and Fault-Tolerant
• CScalable, Secure, Stable, and Simple
• DReadable, Writable, Executable, and Printable

In requirements modeling, what is the Kano Model used to analyze?

• ARanking requirements as Must, Should, Could and Won't have for a release
• BClassifying features as basic, performance or attractive by their effect on satisfaction
• CEstimating the relative size of user stories with Fibonacci-style cards
• DTracing each requirement to its design elements and test cases

In the Gang of Four Singleton pattern, which implementation detail stops other classes from creating instances with the new operator?

• ADeclaring the class abstract
• BDeclaring the class final
• CDeclaring the constructor private
• DDeclaring all of the class's methods static

A unit test mocks a third-party payment service. What is the fundamental difference between a 'Stub' and a 'Mock' in automated testing?

• AA stub verifies which calls it receives, while a mock only returns canned values
• BA stub replaces the class under test, while a mock replaces its dependencies
• CA stub is always written by hand, while a mock can only be generated by a framework
• DA stub returns canned answers; a mock also verifies the calls it receives

What is the primary purpose of the Dependency Inversion Principle (the 'D' in SOLID)?

• AHigh-level policy modules should not depend on low-level implementation modules; both sho…
• BA class should have only one reason to change
• CSoftware entities should be open for extension but closed for modification
• DObjects should be created by a container and injected, so classes never use the new opera…

What is the primary role of a 'Spike' in agile software development?

• AA sudden, unannounced increase in the scope of a Sprint by management
• BA time-boxed investigation to reduce uncertainty before estimating
• CA critical security vulnerability patched immediately in production
• DA smaller story split from an epic so that it fits in one Sprint

Which Gang of Four (GoF) behavioral pattern encapsulates a request as an object, thereby letting you parameterize clients with different requests, queue or log requests, and support undoable operations?

• AState Pattern
• BTemplate Method Pattern
• CCommand Pattern
• DChain of Responsibility Pattern

In agile development, what is the 'Definition of Done' (DoD)?

• AThe acceptance criteria written for one specific user story
• BThe moment a developer finishes writing code on a local machine
• CThe Product Owner's confirmation at the Sprint Review that the Sprint Goal was met
• DA formal description of the quality measures every Product Backlog item must meet to be c…

What is the primary role of a 'Stub' in top-down integration testing?

• AStanding in for unfinished lower-level modules so higher-level ones can be tested
• BSimulating higher-level calling modules to test lower-level utility functions
• CGenerating automated code coverage metrics for CI/CD dashboards
• DChecking source code against style guides and linting rules

Which description matches regression testing?

• ARe-running only the test that failed, to confirm that a reported defect is now fixed
• BRe-running existing functional and non-functional tests to confirm that previously workin…
• CTesting the system under steadily increasing load until it fails
• DChecking that the software rejects invalid input characters

Which Gang of Four (GoF) pattern allows an object to alter its behavior when its internal state changes, appearing as if the object changed its class?

• AStrategy Pattern
• BMemento Pattern
• CState Pattern
• DVisitor Pattern

In requirements management, what is 'Gold Plating'?

• AStakeholders' unapproved change requests gradually expanding the project scope
• BAssigning the most experienced developers to the highest-priority requirements
• CDocumenting requirements in exhaustive detail before any design begins
• DAdding extra features or enhancements that nobody requested and that are outside the appr…

Which software architecture evaluation method, developed by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI), systematically analyzes software architecture trade-offs against quality attribute scenarios?

• AArchitecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM)
• BSoftware Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
• CFunction Point Analysis (FPA)
• DFailure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

What is the primary indicator of the 'Shotgun Surgery' code smell in software architecture?

• AA single class must be changed repeatedly for many unrelated reasons
• BA single change requires many small edits across numerous classes and files
• CA method contains more than 15 nested conditional statements
• DTwo classes access each other's private fields and methods excessively