CENEVAL EGEL Plus Ingeniería Industrial (EGEL Plus IINDU)

An industrial engineer conducts a time study on a metal-stamping operation. The observed average cycle time is 2.40 minutes, the operator's performance rating is evaluated at 110% (1.10), and the total allowance factor for personal needs, basic fatigue, and unavoidable delays is 15% (0.15). What is the standard time (Ts) for this operation in minutes?

• A3.04 min
• B2.64 min
• C2.76 min
• D3.11 min

A manual assembly line comprises six distinct tasks with a combined total work content of 18.0 minutes. The line is configured with four sequential workstations, and line pacing is restricted by the bottleneck workstation, which has a cycle time of 5.0 minutes. What is the line balancing efficiency (E)?

• A72.0%
• B90.0%
• C10.0%
• D111.1%

An automotive subassembly plant operates an 8-hour shift (480 minutes) with two scheduled 15-minute unpaid breaks, leaving 450 minutes of net available production time. Customer demand is established at 900 finished units per shift. What is the takt time required to synchronize production with customer demand?

• A32 seconds per unit
• B28 seconds per unit
• C30 seconds per unit
• D36 seconds per unit

In motion study and micromotion analysis developed by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, fundamental hand motions are classified into Therbligs. Which of the following Therbligs is classified as an ineffective (non-productive) motion that adds no value to the workpiece and should be eliminated through workplace redesign?

• AAssemble (Ensamblar)
• BUse (Usar)
• CReach (Alcanzar)
• DSearch (Buscar)

A work analyst uses the Westinghouse rating system to level an observed cycle time of 1.50 minutes. The operator's performance is graded as follows: Skill B1 (+0.11), Effort C2 (+0.02), Environmental Conditions D (0.00), and Consistency E (-0.02). What is the leveled normal time (Tn) for this operation?

• A1.665 min
• B1.500 min
• C1.725 min
• D1.335 min

According to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard for process flow charting (cursograma analítico), which graphical symbol represents an unplanned or planned delay (demora), such as material waiting in a buffer between processing operations?

• ASquare
• BCapital letter D
• CCircle
• DInverted triangle

An industrial engineer designs a work sampling study to determine the proportion of time automated CNC mills remain idle. A pilot study estimates that machines are idle 20% of the time (p = 0.20). At a 95% confidence level (z = 1.96) and a desired absolute error margin of ±4% (e = 0.04), what is the minimum number of random observations (N) required?

• A271 observations
• B1,537 observations
• C385 observations
• D2,401 observations

Under Mexican Official Standard NOM-025-STPS-2008 (Condiciones de iluminación en los centros de trabajo), what minimum illumination level applies to visual tasks requiring fine distinction of detail (distinción fina de detalles), such as precision machining and the assembly and inspection of delicate work?

• A300 lux
• B500 lux
• C750 lux
• D1,000 lux

A manufacturing engineering team is designing a progressive assembly line. The total elemental work content is 142 seconds, and the desired production rate dictates a takt time of 40 seconds per unit. What is the theoretical minimum number of workstations (N_min), and what would be the line efficiency if physical layout constraints force the line to use 5 workstations?

• AMinimum 4 stations; efficiency is 71.0%
• BMinimum 3 stations; efficiency is 71.0%
• CMinimum 4 stations; efficiency is 88.8%
• DMinimum 4 stations; efficiency is 29.0%

According to Ralph M. Barnes' principles of motion economy regarding workplace arrangement, where and how should tools, parts, and materials be positioned to minimize operator fatigue and motion time?

• AGrouped centrally behind the operator to keep the immediate front table completely clear
• BPre-positioned in fixed locations within the normal and maximum horizontal reach envelopes
• CArranged in sequential order along an elevated overhead rack requiring vertical reaches
• DDistributed evenly across the entire perimeter of the assembly table to promote whole-bod…

According to Mexican Official Standard NOM-011-STPS-2001 (Condiciones de seguridad e higiene en los centros de trabajo donde se genere ruido), what is the Maximum Permissible Exposure Limit (NER) for a standard 8-hour workday, and what is the exchange rate (factor de cambio) governing permissible exposure times at higher noise levels?

• A85 dB(A) with a 5 dB(A) exchange rate
• B80 dB(A) with a 3 dB(A) exchange rate
• C90 dB(A) with a 3 dB(A) exchange rate
• D95 dB(A) with a 3 dB(A) exchange rate

An ergonomist applies the revised NIOSH Lifting Equation to assess a warehouse manual lifting task. The Load Constant is LC = 23 kg, and the task multipliers are determined as follows: Horizontal HM = 0.80, Vertical VM = 0.95, Distance DM = 0.90, Asymmetric AM = 1.00, Frequency FM = 0.70, and Coupling CM = 1.00. If the actual weight handled by operators is 16.5 kg, what is the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and the Lifting Index (LI)?

• ARWL = 15.73 kg, LI = 1.05 (slightly elevated risk)
• BRWL = 11.01 kg, LI = 0.67 (acceptable)
• CRWL = 23.00 kg, LI = 0.72 (acceptable)
• DRWL = 11.01 kg, LI = 1.50 (increased ergonomic risk)

What is the primary methodological advantage of using the continuous timing method (cronometraje continuo) over the snapback timing method (vuelta a cero) when conducting a direct stopwatch time study?

• AIt records true cumulative elapsed time and prevents the observer from omitting short wor…
• BIt displays the elemental normal time directly without requiring performance leveling
• CIt eliminates the need to calculate individual elemental elapsed times during post-study…
• DIt requires fewer total observed cycles to reach a 95% statistical confidence level

In a packaging operation, an engineer determines that an operator requires constant allowances of 9% (5% personal needs and 4% basic fatigue) plus variable job-specific allowances of 6% for continuous standing and 3% for inadequate ambient lighting, yielding a total allowance factor of 18% (S = 0.18). If the leveled normal time is Tn = 4.50 minutes, what is the standard time (Ts)?

• A4.91 min
• B5.31 min
• C5.18 min
• D5.49 min

Which ergonomic assessment methodology is specifically designed to evaluate biomechanical and postural load on the upper extremities (neck, trunk, upper arms, forearms, and wrists) in predominantly sedentary or benchtop assembly workstations?

• AOWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysing System)
• BNIOSH Lifting Equation
• CRULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment)
• DREBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment)

In predetermined motion time systems (PMTS), specifically Methods-Time Measurement (MTM-1), work element durations are measured in Time Measurement Units (TMU). What is the exact conversion value of 1 TMU in seconds and hours?

• A0.36 seconds (1/10,000 of an hour)
• B0.06 seconds (1/60,000 of an hour)
• C0.001 seconds (1/1,000,000 of an hour)
• D0.036 seconds (1/100,000 of an hour)

In a two-handed process chart (diagrama bimanual), an operator holds a metal bracket stationary with the left hand while the right hand drives a screw using an electric driver. Which standard ASME symbol must be assigned to the left hand's activity during this step?

• AHold / Sostenimiento (Triangle)
• BDelay / Demora (Letter D)
• CInspection / Inspección (Square)
• DOperation / Operación (Circle)

A precision machining center produces specialized valves with a standard time of Ts = 1.80 minutes per unit. Historical quality data shows a steady scrap rate of 5.0% (0.05) where defective parts cannot be reworked. If a customer places a confirmed order for 1,000 good, conforming valves, how many standard hours (SH) must the production scheduler allocate?

• A30.00 standard hours (producing 1,000 units)
• B31.58 standard hours (producing 1,053 gross units)
• C31.50 standard hours (producing 1,050 gross units)
• D28.50 standard hours (producing 950 units)

According to Mexican Official Standard NOM-019-STPS-2011 (Constitución, integración, organización y funcionamiento de las comisiones de seguridad e higiene), what is the statutory purpose and primary operational obligation of the joint Health and Safety Committee in industrial workplaces?

• ATo negotiate annual wage increases and approve collective bargaining agreements
• BTo purchase personal protective equipment directly from approved commercial vendors
• CTo investigate occupational accidents, propose prevention measures, and conduct periodic…
• DTo discipline operators who fail to meet hourly production quotas

In a man-machine process analysis (diagrama hombre-máquina), an operator manually loads and unloads a semi-automatic lathe in 1.5 minutes. Once started, the lathe runs autonomously for 4.5 minutes. During this automated machining cycle, the operator spends 1.0 minute deburring and gauging the previously completed part, remaining idle for the rest of the time. What is the total cycle time, and what are the operator and machine utilization percentages?

• ACycle time is 7.0 minutes; operator utilization is 35.7% and machine utilization is 64.3%
• BCycle time is 5.5 minutes; operator utilization is 45.5% and machine utilization is 81.8%
• CCycle time is 6.0 minutes; operator utilization is 25.0% and machine utilization is 75.0%
• DCycle time is 6.0 minutes; operator utilization is 41.7% and machine utilization is 75.0%

A metalworking manufacturer faces a constant annual demand of D = 12,000 units for standard steel flanges. The fixed cost per order placed is S = $75.00, and the annual inventory carrying cost per unit is H = $5.00. Assuming instantaneous replenishment and no shortages, what is the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)?

• A600 units
• B424 units
• C1,342 units
• D360 units

A manufacturer has an annual demand of D = 12,000 flanges, an ordering cost of S = $75 per order, and a holding cost of H = $5.00 per unit per year. It orders the economic order quantity of 600 units. What is its total annual variable inventory cost (ordering cost plus holding cost)?

• A$1,800,000
• B$3,000
• C$4,500
• D$1,500

A distribution center experiences an average daily demand of d = 80 units for an electronic component, with a standard deviation of daily demand of σ_d = 10 units. Supplier replenishment lead time is constant at L = 9 days. If management establishes a cycle service level of 95% (corresponding to z = 1.645 in standard normal distribution tables), what is the Reorder Point (ROP) including safety stock?

• A868 units
• B720 units
• C770 units
• D810 units

A supply chain analyst uses simple exponential smoothing to forecast monthly regional demand for industrial adhesives. The actual demand recorded in month t was A_t = 450 drums, while the forecast for month t was F_t = 420 drums. Using a smoothing constant of α = 0.30, what is the demand forecast for month t+1 (F_t+1)?

• A441 drums
• B435 drums
• C411 drums
• D429 drums

A logistics planner generates a 3-month weighted moving average forecast for pallet wrapping film. The sales history shows: Month 1 = 200 rolls, Month 2 = 240 rolls, and Month 3 (most recent) = 300 rolls. The assigned weights are 0.20 for Month 1, 0.30 for Month 2, and 0.50 for Month 3. What is the forecast for Month 4?

• A262 units
• B247 units
• C232 units
• D300 units

In demand forecasting error analysis, which statistical metric divides the cumulative forecast error (Running Sum of Forecast Errors, RSFE) by the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) to evaluate whether a forecasting model exhibits systematic persistent bias (overforecasting or underforecasting)?

• AMean Squared Error (MSE)
• BTracking Signal (TS)
• CMean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)
• DStandard Error of the Estimate (SEE)

A production line operates under the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model with non-instantaneous replenishment. Annual demand is D = 10,000 units, operating over 250 working days per year (daily demand d = 40 units/day). The plant's daily production capacity is p = 100 units/day. The machine setup cost is S = $180 per run, and the annual inventory holding cost is H = $6.00 per unit/year. What is the optimal batch size (EPQ)?

• A775 units
• B1,225 units
• C1,000 units
• D655 units

In ABC inventory classification based on Pareto analysis (the 80/20 rule), which statement correctly describes the characteristics and managerial control policies applied to Category A stock-keeping units (SKUs)?

• AThey represent approximately 50% of total physical SKU items and 50% of total annual doll…
• BThey account for 70-80% of total physical items but generate only 15-20% of annual dollar…
• CThey comprise slow-moving spare parts that are ordered only once every three to five years
• DThey represent approximately 15-20% of total physical items but account for 70-80% of tot…

A distribution center has a dedicated storage footprint of 2,000 m² with a clear ceiling stacking clearance of 6.0 meters, giving a total gross cubic volume of 12,000 m³. Plant layout standards require 40% of this cubic space to be reserved for forklift travel aisles, staging docks, and safety clearances, leaving 60% for active storage racks. If a standard pallet load measures 1.2 m width × 1.0 m depth × 1.5 m height (1.8 m³), what is the maximum pallet storage capacity of the warehouse?

• A4,000 pallets
• B6,667 pallets
• C3,200 pallets
• D4,800 pallets

What is the Bullwhip Effect (efecto látigo) in supply chain dynamics, and which operational strategy is most effective at dampening its distorting impact?

• AThe increase in holding cost due to stockouts, resolved by increasing batch sizes
• BThe upstream amplification of demand variability, mitigated by sharing point-of-sale data…
• CThe delay in ocean shipping caused by port congestion, resolved by switching to air freig…
• DThe gradual deterioration of seasonal inventory, mitigated by FIFO rotation

A procurement manager evaluates an all-units quantity discount schedule for an industrial fastener. Annual demand is D = 4,000 units, order cost is S = $50.00, and annual inventory carrying cost is 20% of unit purchase price (i = 0.20). The vendor offers two price tiers: Tier 1 (1 to 999 units) at P1 = $20.00, and Tier 2 (1,000+ units) at P2 = $18.00. Which order quantity minimizes the total annual cost (purchasing + ordering + holding)?

• AOrder 316 units at $20.00 (yielding total cost of $81,265)
• BOrder 333 units at $18.00 (yielding total cost of $73,200)
• COrder 1,000 units at $18.00 (yielding total cost of $74,000)
• DOrder 2,000 units at $18.00 (yielding total cost of $75,700)

Under the International Commercial Terms (Incoterms 2020) published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), which commercial term represents the absolute minimum obligation, risk, and cost for the seller, who merely makes the packaged goods available at their own factory or warehouse?

• ADAP (Delivered at Place)
• BFOB (Free on Board)
• CCIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight)
• DEXW (Ex Works)

A logistics firm uses the center-of-gravity method to determine optimal planar coordinates for a centralized regional distribution center that supplies three major urban markets. The coordinates (x, y) and shipment volumes (W) are: Market 1: (20, 30) with W1 = 100 tons; Market 2: (80, 50) with W2 = 200 tons; Market 3: (50, 90) with W3 = 100 tons. What are the optimal center-of-gravity coordinates (X_cg, Y_cg)?

• A(57.5, 55.0)
• B(50.0, 56.7)
• C(62.0, 52.5)
• D(55.0, 60.0)

What is the defining operational characteristic and primary logistics benefit of a cross-docking terminal in modern retail supply chains?

• ALong-term cold storage of perishable products awaiting wholesale auction
• BDirect transfer of inbound goods to outbound trailers with minimal or no intermediate sto…
• CRepackaging and assembling retail kits from bulk raw materials
• DReturning defective and expired merchandise to original overseas manufacturers

In automotive manufacturing supply networks, what is a 'Milk Run' (ruta lechera) logistics collection strategy?

• AA rapid direct courier that transports hot shipments without stopping
• BA seasonal delivery method dedicated solely to agricultural and dairy products
• CA scheduled route where a single vehicle collects partial shipments from multiple nearby…
• DAn expedited intermodal air-rail cargo service

A forecaster applies Holt's two-parameter linear exponential smoothing model (trend-adjusted exponential smoothing) to project sales of heavy industrial gearboxes. At the end of quarter t, the smoothed baseline level is calculated as L_t = 500 units, and the smoothed trend rate is estimated at T_t = 25 units per quarter. What is the sales forecast for three quarters into the future (F_t+3)?

• A525 units
• B550 units
• C600 units
• D575 units

An industrial distributor reports an annual Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) of $18,000,000 and maintains an average inventory valuation across all warehouses of $3,000,000. Assuming a standard business year of 360 operational days, what are the Inventory Turnover Ratio and the Days of Sales in Inventory (DSI / Days of Supply)?

• A6.0 turns per year and 60 days of inventory supply
• B4.5 turns per year and 80 days of inventory supply
• C8.0 turns per year and 45 days of inventory supply
• D5.0 turns per year and 72 days of inventory supply

How does a Pull production and inventory replenishment system fundamentally differ from a traditional Push replenishment system?

• AIt generates large safety stocks of finished goods based on annual sales forecasts
• BIt triggers production and replenishment only in response to actual downstream consumptio…
• CIt schedules machine runs based on capacity availability regardless of work-in-process
• DIt relies on master production schedule batch releases pushed through each workstation

When designing an international freight logistics strategy, which transportation mode provides the lowest operating cost per ton-kilometer for transporting large volumes of bulk, non-perishable commodities over intercontinental distances?

• AAir freight (transporte aéreo)
• BDedicated motor freight (autotransporte de carga)
• CMaritime transport (transporte marítimo)
• DHigh-speed rail (ferrocarril de carga rápida)

A periodic review inventory system (P, T) is reviewed every P = 7 days, with a supplier lead time of L = 7 days. Average daily demand is d = 25 units/day, and standard deviation of daily demand is σ_d = 4 units/day. The required service level dictates a safety factor of z = 2.0 (approximately 97.7% non-stockout probability). If current stock on hand is 70 units and there are 40 units already on order, what order quantity (Q) should be placed?

• A240 units
• B310 units
• C86 units
• D270 units

A manufacturing plant is evaluating an energy-efficiency investment project requiring an initial capital expenditure of I0 = $100,000. The project is projected to generate constant net annual cash inflows of $35,000 at the end of each year for four consecutive years. If the company's weighted average cost of capital (hurdle rate) is r = 10% per year, what is the Net Present Value (NPV / VPN) of the project and its financial recommendation?

• A+$10,945 (financially acceptable)
• B−$4,378 (financially rejected)
• C+$40,000 (financially acceptable)
• D+$22,040 (financially acceptable)

A factory has three stations in series with capacities of 40, 30, and 50 units per hour. Demand is unlimited. What is the maximum output of the line, and what is the utilization of the first station when the line runs at that output?

• A30 units/h; station 1 utilization 75%
• B40 units/h; station 1 utilization 100%
• C50 units/h; station 1 utilization 125%
• D40 units/h; station 1 utilization 75%

An industrial packaging project requires an initial equipment investment of $240,000. Cash flow projections indicate constant net operational cash savings of $60,000 per year throughout its useful life. What is the project's simple payback period (Período de Recuperación de la Inversión, PRI)?

• A3.0 years
• B4.0 years
• C0.25 years
• D2.5 years

A machinery modernization project requires an initial investment of I0 = $50,000. Net annual cash inflows are: Year 1 = $22,000; Year 2 = $24,200; and Year 3 = $26,620. If the project discount rate is 10% per year, what is the Discounted Payback Period (PRI Descontado)?

• A2.0 years
• B3.0 years
• C2.5 years
• D2.8 years

In a PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) project network, an activity has the following three-point time estimates: Optimistic duration a = 4 days, Most likely duration m = 7 days, and Pessimistic duration b = 16 days. What are the expected activity duration (t_e) and the variance (σ²) of this activity?

• AExpected duration is 9 days and variance is 6 days²
• BExpected duration is 7 days and variance is 2 days²
• CExpected duration is 8 days and variance is 2 days²
• DExpected duration is 8 days and variance is 4 days²

In a Critical Path Method (CPM) project schedule, an activity has Early Start ES = 10, Early Finish EF = 16, Late Start LS = 14, and Late Finish LF = 20 days. The earliest start time among all its immediate succeeding activities is min(ES_successors) = 17 days. What are the Total Float (Holgura Total) and Free Float (Holgura Libre) for this activity?

• ATotal Float = 4 days; Free Float = 1 day
• BTotal Float = 6 days; Free Float = 2 days
• CTotal Float = 4 days; Free Float = 4 days
• DTotal Float = 1 day; Free Float = 4 days

A critical path in a plant expansion project consists of three statistically independent sequential activities with expected durations of 10, 15, and 20 days (total project expected duration T_e = 45 days) and variances of 4, 9, and 12 days², respectively. Assuming the Central Limit Theorem applies, what is the probability that the project will be completed within 50 days (z = +1.0 corresponds to a cumulative normal probability of 0.8413)?

• A50.0% probability (z = 0.0)
• B84.1% probability (z = +1.0)
• C97.7% probability (z = +2.0)
• D68.3% probability (z = ±1.0)