CENEVAL EGATSU-PI — TSU Policía Investigador (Acuerdo 286)

According to Article 21 of the Constitution, who is in charge of the public-security function?

• AOnly the Federation, through the Guardia Nacional
• BOnly the states, through their prosecutor's offices
• CThe Federation, the states and the municipalities
• DThe Judicial Branch, through the judges of control

Which United Nations instrument, adopted by General Assembly resolution 34/169 in 1979, sets eight articles of conduct for officials who exercise police powers, especially powers of arrest or detention?

• AThe Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials
• BThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• CThe Istanbul Protocol
• DThe Palermo Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

Under Article 5 of the UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, can an officer justify an act of torture by invoking a superior's order or a public emergency?

• AYes, if the superior's order was given in writing
• BYes, during a declared state of war or threat to national security
• COnly when the information obtained saves lives
• DNo, neither superior orders nor any emergency can justify torture

What does Article 3 of the UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials establish about the use of force?

• AForce may be used whenever a suspect disobeys any instruction
• BForce may be used only when strictly necessary and to the extent required, with firearms…
• CForce is prohibited in all circumstances for police officers
• DForce may be used freely against persons who are already detained

Under Article 16 of the Ley General del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Pública (2025), who presides over the Consejo Nacional de Seguridad Pública?

• AThe head of the Fiscalía General de la República
• BThe head of the Secretariado Ejecutivo
• CThe President of the Republic
• DThe president of the Conferencia Nacional de Seguridad Pública Municipal

Under Article 8 of the UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, what should an officer do on learning that a violation of the Code has occurred or is about to occur?

• AReport it to superiors and, if necessary, to another authority with review or corrective…
• BKeep silent to protect the discipline and image of the corporation
• CReport it only to the media, because internal channels never protect officers who denounc…
• DWait until the victim files a complaint before taking any action

How does the Protocolo de Investigación del Modelo Nacional de Policía y Justicia Cívica define modus operandi?

• AThe legal classification of a crime in the penal code
• BThe list of evidence collected at a scene
• CThe motive or personal reason that led a person to commit the crime
• DThe typical pattern in which a person carries out crimes

According to the Protocolo de Investigación, why is knowing the modus operandi of local offenders useful to an investigator?

• AIt proves the guilt of any suspect who has a similar criminal record, so no further evide…
• BIt helps identify series of crimes, link crimes to known offenders and anticipate future…
• CIt replaces the need to collect physical evidence at the scene
• DIt allows arrests without a warrant whenever the method matches

Which set is made up only of information sources that section 1.6.1 of the Protocolo de Investigación lists for investigators?

• ACommunity information, experts, detainee and intelligence databases, and open sources
• BAnonymous rumours accepted as facts without verification, the suspect's social reputation…
• COnly the Public Prosecutor's file, since other sources contaminate the case
• DOnly confessions obtained during the arrest

According to the Guía Nacional de Cadena de Custodia, what is the purpose of preserving the place of intervention (preservación del lugar)?

• ATo start collecting all objects before the experts arrive
• BTo let relatives and neighbours retrieve personal belongings
• CTo guard and watch the place so that no improper access causes loss, destruction, alterat…
• DTo photograph the place for publication in the media

What does the 'golden hour' (hora dorada) mean in the Protocolo de Investigación?

• AThe first 60 minutes of each shift, reserved for briefings
• BThe hour before a detainee must be presented to the Public Prosecutor, while police still…
• CThe maximum time a scene may remain cordoned off
• DThe period right after a crime, when investigators can readily obtain a large volume of m…

What does the Caja de Betari illustrate in the Protocolo de Investigación?

• AThe order in which evidence must be packaged at a scene
• BHow one person's attitude and behaviour shape another's, in a vicious or virtuous cycle
• CThe five pillars of the preliminary investigation
• DThe classification of unwilling witnesses as reluctant or hostile, according to their mot…

The Protocolo de Investigación breaks the investigative mindset (mentalidad investigadora) into five principles. Which list is correct?

• AUnderstanding the source of the material, planning and preparation, examination, recordin…
• BArrest, interrogation, confession, charge and conviction
• CObservation, fixation, collection, packaging and transfer
• DDetection, analysis, response, assessment and follow-up

Under Article 57, fracción II of the LGSNSP (2025), what does the investigative police attached to prosecutors' offices do?

• AAccuses the imputado before the court and argues the case at trial
• BIssues technical and scientific expert opinions on the evidence
• CCarries out investigations to clarify probable crimes, including receiving complaints, pr…
• DDecides whether to apply a criterion of opportunity to close the case

Which obligation in Article 129 of the LGSNSP applies directly to how an investigator handles evidence?

• ALetting the victim keep evidence at home until the trial
• BDestroying duplicate evidence to reduce storage costs
• CDelivering evidence to the media whenever doing so serves transparency and public account…
• DFollowing the investigation and chain-of-custody protocols issued by the institutions

Article 129, fracción X of the LGSNSP requires members of public-security institutions to act with due diligence in investigating crimes. What does that duty involve?

• ACarrying out all necessary, pertinent and reasonable actions to clarify the facts and pro…
• BClosing each case within 30 days, so that the institution avoids backlogs and meets its p…
• CInvestigating only when the victim pays for the procedures
• DWaiting for a confession before gathering other evidence

Under CNPP Article 266, what must the authority do before carrying out an act of molestation (acto de molestia), such as an inspection of a person?

• AObtain a written order from the Judge of Control in every case, even for a routine inspec…
• BInform the person of their rights and request their cooperation, respecting their dignity
• CCarry out a forced search first and explain the reasons afterwards
• DRecord the person's image and publish it to identify possible victims

An investigative police officer no longer meets a permanence requirement, such as passing the confidence-control evaluation. Under Article 79 of the LGSNSP, what kind of termination of the career service is this?

• AOrdinary termination, like resignation or retirement
• BA disciplinary corrective imposed by the direct superior, such as a written reprimand or…
• CA temporary suspension until the next evaluation
• DExtraordinary termination by separation for failing entry or permanence requirements

Under Article 133 of the LGSNSP, which sanction applies to serious faults that substantially harm the service, involve grave human-rights violations or cause a loss of institutional trust?

• AA written reprimand
• BSuspension without pay for up to 30 days
• CRemoval (remoción)
• DA public apology

How does Article 7 of the Código Penal Federal define a crime (delito)?

• AAny conduct that the Public Prosecutor considers harmful to society
• BAn act or omission that the criminal laws punish
• CAny violation of a municipal police regulation
• DAny conduct that causes economic damage to another person

A driver who is texting runs a red light and injures a pedestrian. He did not want to cause harm but broke a duty of care he could have observed. Under Article 9 of the Código Penal Federal, how did he act?

• AWith direct intent (dolo), because he knowingly chose to use the phone while driving
• BWithout any criminal responsibility, because he did not foresee the result
• CWith eventual intent, because he accepted the injury as a certain outcome
• DNegligently (culposamente), by breaking a duty of care he should and could observe

A man breaks into a house to steal but, on his own initiative, leaves without taking anything before anyone arrives. Under Article 12 of the Código Penal Federal, what happens with the attempted theft?

• ANo penalty for the attempt, though acts already done that are crimes in themselves can be…
• BHe receives the full penalty for consummated theft, since he had already broken in
• CHe receives a reduced penalty for attempted theft, because he started the execution
• DThe case must be closed, because nothing was taken and therefore no crime of any kind occ…

After a robbery, a man hides the robbers in his house, as he had promised them before the crime. Under Article 13 of the Código Penal Federal, how is he classified?

• AAs an encubridor only, because all of his help came after the robbery
• BAs a direct co-author, because he benefited from the money that was stolen in the robbery
• CAs a partícipe, because his later help fulfilled a promise made before the crime
• DAs an indirect author, because he used the robbers as his instruments

Under Article 15, fracción IV of the Código Penal Federal, which requirements make legitimate defense exclude the crime?

• AAny prior aggression, even one that happened days before, justifies a later violent respo…
• BRepelling a real, current or imminent unlawful attack, with necessity, rational means and…
• COnce attacked, the defender may use any means available against the aggressor, regardless…
• DDefense covers only the defender's own goods and life, never those of third parties

The constitutional reform that established Mexico's accusatory and oral criminal justice system was published in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on which date?

• A5 February 1917
• B31 December 1994
• C10 June 2011
• D18 June 2008

Under CNPP Article 9, what does the principle of immediacy (inmediación) require?

• AThat every hearing be held entirely before the judge, who cannot delegate weighing the ev…
• BThat hearings be held preferably on the same day or on consecutive days until they conclu…
• CThat the public and the media may attend the hearings, except in the cases provided by law
• DThat the parties may know, challenge and confront the evidence and the petitions of the o…

Under CNPP Article 211, when does the complementary investigation (investigación complementaria) begin?

• AWith the filing of the complaint or querella
• BWith the Public Prosecutor's written accusation against the imputado
• CWith the formulation of the imputación before the Judge of Control
• DWith the order opening the trial (auto de apertura a juicio)

Under CNPP Article 225, what is a querella?

• AA report of a crime that anyone may file with police or the Prosecutor, for crimes prosec…
• BThe victim's expressed will that the investigation begin, for crimes that require it
• CAn anonymous report received through the 911 emergency line
• DThe judicial order that authorizes the start of an investigation

Under CNPP Article 221, what must police do with anonymous information about a probable crime?

• AVerify the data through investigative acts and open the investigation if the information…
• BIgnore it, because only signed complaints that reveal the complainant's identity can star…
• CArrest the person named in it at once, since the anonymous report itself is sufficient gr…
• DForward it to a Judge of Control, who decides whether the information may be investigated

Under Article 16 of the Constitution, in whose presence is the detailed record (acta circunstanciada) of a search (cateo) drawn up?

• AIn the presence of the Judge of Control who issued the warrant, who must attend in person
• BIn the presence of the defense attorney of the person being investigated, who signs the r…
• CIn the presence of two witnesses proposed by the occupant or, failing that, by the author…
• DIn the presence of a notary public appointed by the Public Prosecutor to certify the sear…

Under Article 222, fracción I of the Código Penal Federal, which conduct by a public servant is bribery (cohecho)?

• AAccepting a salary increase that was authorized in the institution's approved budget
• BReceiving an official commendation from superiors for good performance in an operation
• CRefusing a gift offered by a person under investigation and reporting the offer
• DRequesting or receiving money or any benefit to do or omit an act of one's functions

Under CNPP Article 187, in which case is a reparatory agreement (acuerdo reparatorio) NOT admissible?

• ACrimes prosecuted by querella
• BFamily violence (violencia familiar)
• CNegligent (culposos) crimes
• DProperty crimes committed without violence against persons

During an inspection of a person under CNPP Article 268, what is required if the inspection would expose intimate parts of the body?

• AJudicial authorization
• BOnly the verbal consent of the person
• CThe presence of two civilian witnesses
• DAuthorization from the officer's direct superior

Under Article 5 of the Ley Nacional del Sistema Integral de Justicia Penal para Adolescentes, which age range forms grupo etario II?

• AFrom twelve to under fourteen years
• BFrom sixteen to under eighteen years
• CFrom fourteen to under sixteen years
• DFrom ten to under twelve years

Who counts as an 'investigator' under the Protocolo de Investigación del Modelo Nacional de Policía y Justicia Cívica?

• AOnly the officers of the investigative police attached to the Fiscalía, once the case has…
• BOnly forensic experts with a professional licence who process the scene and issue opinions
• COnly the Public Prosecutor who leads the case, since the police merely assist
• DAny official who takes part in the investigation, from the 911 call-taker or first respon…

Under CNPP Article 132, fracción VIII, what must police do at the place of the events or of the discovery?

• APreserve it, protect the evidence and notify the processing-capable police and the Prosec…
• BCollect all the objects immediately and take them to the police station for safekeeping
• CAllow the owner of the place to clean it up once the first photographs have been taken
• DWait for a written judicial order before cordoning off or entering the place

Under CNPP Article 222, when public servants who support public-security authorities (coadyuvancia) learn of a probable crime, what must their intervention be limited to?

• ACarrying out the full criminal investigation themselves until the case is ready for trial
• BInterrogating the suspects on the spot and obtaining a written confession for the Prosecu…
• CPreserving the scene until authorities arrive, arranging urgent medical care, and handing…
• DDeciding whether the facts constitute a crime and closing the matter themselves if they c…

Under the national protocol for processing-capable police (Policía con capacidades para procesar), how does the coordinator identify the critical zone (zona crítica)?

• ABy choosing the area closest to the entrance, where access for the team is easiest and sa…
• BFrom the presence of evidence, using the logical method and the maxims of reason and expe…
• CBy asking the victim's relatives which area of the place they consider the most important
• DBy marking the whole block as a critical zone so that nothing at all is missed

Which documentation methods does the national protocol for processing-capable police require, whenever possible, before, during and after processing?

• AOnly video recorded on a personal mobile phone
• BOnly the officer's personal notes, written after leaving the scene
• CWitness statements and photographs taken by the media
• DWritten, photographic, and general and detailed sketch (croquis)

During a routine vehicle inspection, an officer finds a firearm under the seat. Under the Guía Nacional de Cadena de Custodia, which case (supuesto) starts the chain-of-custody record?

• ADescubrimiento (discovery)
• BLocalización (location)
• CAportación (contribution)
• DPriorización (prioritization)

Under the Protocolo Nacional de Traslado, which four activities does the person responsible for the transfer (PRT) carry out?

• AArrest, interrogation, confession and release
• BRegistration, fingerprinting, photography and filing
• CPlanning, execution, handover of the person, and documentation
• DInspection, notification, restraints and belongings

When planning a transfer under the Protocolo Nacional de Traslado, which of these must the PRT take into account?

• AThe detainee's own preferred route and the travel time that he requests
• BFemale officers needed if women are transferred, and the weather at transfer time
• CThe opinion of the detainee's relatives on the destination and the time of arrival
• DThe media's schedule, so that the arrival of the transfer can be filmed live

When executing a transfer, the PRT notices that the name of the person does not match the name on the commission order and the ministerial or judicial mandate. What does the Protocolo Nacional de Traslado require?

• AProceed with the transfer anyway and have the documents corrected once it is over
• BRelease the person immediately, since the order is void
• CAsk the detainee to sign a statement accepting the transfer
• DInform the corresponding authorities of the error so that it can be corrected

Using the definition that the EGATSU-PI bibliography takes from Colombia's Constitutional Court (sentencia C-646 of 2001), what is criminal policy (política criminal)?

• AThe set of responses a State adopts to confront conduct considered reprehensible or socia…
• BThe set of penalties that judges impose in each individual criminal case after the trial
• CThe internal rules that govern the recruitment and promotion of police officers
• DThe strategy of maximizing the number of arrests and convictions so as to reduce the offi…

In the criminal-policy material cited in the EGATSU-PI guide, what does secondary criminalization (criminalización secundaria) refer to?

• AThe legislative creation and definition of criminal norms and strategies
• BThe execution of penalties in prison or through alternative measures
• CThe processes of investigation and prosecution before the courts
• DThe prevention campaigns carried out by schools and families

A municipality promotes a programme in which neighbours alert the authorities to unusual events that may be linked to crimes. Under the C-646/2001 definition of criminal policy, what type of response is this?

• AA legal response, such as reforming the penal code
• BA social response
• CA technological response, such as new forensic methods
• DAn administrative response, such as tighter prison security

According to the Modelo Homologado de Justicia Cívica, what purpose do the rules and values of the culture of legality (cultura de la legalidad) serve?

• AGuaranteeing that every administrative fault ends in the offender's arrest
• BReplacing the courts with community assemblies that decide every local conflict without a…
• CProtecting police officers from citizen complaints about their daily conduct
• DFostering healthy coexistence, respect for the surroundings and peaceful conflict resolut…