IBLCE Lactation Consultant

What is the primary hormone responsible for milk production in the mammary gland?

• AOxytocin
• BProlactin
• CEstrogen
• DProgesterone

During which stage of lactogenesis does colostrum transition to mature milk?

• AStage I (during pregnancy)
• BStage II (2-3 days postpartum)
• CStage III (10-14 days postpartum)
• DStage IV (6 weeks postpartum)

What is the approximate protein content of mature human milk?

• A0.5-0.6 g/100ml
• B0.9-1.2 g/100ml
• C2.0-2.5 g/100ml
• D3.5-4.0 g/100ml

Which of the following is a characteristic of hindmilk compared to foremilk?

• ALower fat content
• BHigher water content
• CHigher fat content
• DLower calorie density

At what age do most healthy term infants begin to demonstrate rooting and sucking reflexes?

• AAt birth
• B3-5 days after birth
• C1-2 weeks after birth
• D1 month after birth

What is the recommended daily fluid intake for a breastfeeding mother?

• A6-8 cups (1.5-2 liters)
• B8-12 cups (2-3 liters)
• C12-16 cups (3-4 liters)
• D16-20 cups (4-5 liters)

Which growth chart is recommended by the WHO for monitoring infant growth worldwide?

• ACDC 2000 growth charts
• BWHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) charts
• CIUGG international charts
• DNational country-specific charts only

What is the primary function of colostrum during the first days of life?

• ATo provide maximum calories for growth
• BTo provide immune protection and establish gut microbiome
• CTo satisfy thirst only
• DTo promote sleep

Which hormone is responsible for the milk ejection reflex (let-down)?

• AProlactin
• BOxytocin
• CHuman Growth Hormone
• DCortisol

What is the average stomach capacity of a newborn at birth?

• A5-7 ml
• B20-30 ml
• C60-80 ml
• D90-120 ml

How many lobes are typically present in each breast?

• A2-4 lobes
• B5-8 lobes
• C10-15 lobes
• D15-20 lobes

Which of the following is an early feeding cue demonstrated by infants?

• ACrying vigorously
• BBringing hands to mouth and opening mouth
• CTurning away from the breast
• DFalling into deep sleep

What is the approximate fat content of mature human milk?

• A1.5-2.0 g/100ml
• B3.5-4.5 g/100ml
• C5.5-6.5 g/100ml
• D7.0-8.0 g/100ml

At what gestational age do infants typically develop the ability to coordinate sucking, swallowing, and breathing?

• A28-30 weeks
• B32-34 weeks
• C36-38 weeks
• D40-42 weeks

Which vitamin is recommended as a supplement for all exclusively breastfed infants?

• AVitamin A
• BVitamin D
• CVitamin E
• DVitamin K (after initial dose)

What is the primary mechanism by which breast milk provides passive immunity to the infant?

• ATransfer of maternal T-cells
• BSecretory IgA antibodies
• CInterferon gamma
• DMaternal white blood cells

A 3-day-old infant is noted to have lost 8% of birth weight. What is the most appropriate response?

• AImmediately supplement with formula
• BAssess breastfeeding effectiveness and mother-infant interaction
• CAdmit to NICU for IV fluids
• DDischarge home with weight check in 1 week

Which anatomical variation of the nipple may make latch more difficult for the infant?

• AProtruding nipples
• BEverted nipples
• CFlat or inverted nipples
• DLarge areolae

What is the correct term for milk production that begins after day 3 postpartum?

• ALactogenesis Stage I
• BLactogenesis Stage II
• CLactogenesis Stage III
• DGalactopoiesis

How does the caloric density of human milk typically compare to standard infant formula?

• AHuman milk is lower at 16-17 kcal/oz
• BHuman milk is similar at 18-20 kcal/oz
• CHuman milk is higher at 22-24 kcal/oz
• DHuman milk is significantly lower at 12-14 kcal/oz

What is the primary carbohydrate in human milk?

• AGlucose
• BFructose
• CLactose
• DSucrose