10.2 Refrigerant Shipping and Transport
Key Takeaways
- Most common refrigerants are DOT Class 2.2 (non-flammable gas); A2L/A3 are Class 2.1 (flammable)
- Transport cylinders upright, secured, with caps on, in a ventilated area
- Never transport refrigerant cylinders in enclosed passenger compartments
- Recovery cylinders require hydrostatic testing every 5 years
- Mixed/contaminated refrigerant must go to an EPA-certified reclaimer
10.2 Refrigerant Shipping and Transport
Transporting refrigerants requires compliance with DOT (Department of Transportation) regulations in addition to EPA rules. Understanding proper shipping procedures is important for both the exam and safe practice.
DOT Classification of Refrigerants
Refrigerants are classified as hazardous materials for transportation purposes:
| DOT Class | Description | Example Refrigerants |
|---|---|---|
| Class 2.2 | Non-flammable, non-toxic gas | R-22, R-134a, R-410A, R-404A |
| Class 2.1 | Flammable gas | R-290 (propane), R-600a (isobutane), R-32 |
| Class 2.2 (with 5.1 subsidiary) | Non-flammable gas, oxidizer | R-744 (CO2) at high pressures |
Cylinder Transport Requirements
When transporting refrigerant cylinders:
- Secure cylinders upright in the vehicle
- Use cylinder caps to protect valve stems during transport
- Never transport in an enclosed, unventilated passenger compartment — a leak could cause asphyxiation
- Secure against rolling or falling using straps, chains, or brackets
- Keep cylinders away from heat sources and direct sunlight
- DOT 39 disposable cylinders: Can be transported when full (new refrigerant) but CANNOT be refilled
- DOT 4BA/4BW recovery cylinders: Must have current hydrostatic test (every 5 years)
- Check cylinders for visible damage, corrosion, or expired test dates before transport
Recovering Refrigerant for Transport
When recovering refrigerant for transport to a reclaimer or disposal facility:
- Use proper DOT-approved recovery cylinders
- Label each cylinder clearly with:
- Refrigerant type
- "Recovered refrigerant" designation
- Date of recovery
- Your name and certification number
- Do not exceed 80% liquid fill capacity
- Ensure cylinder valves are properly closed and capped
- Transport in a ventilated vehicle
Mixed/Contaminated Refrigerant
If recovered refrigerant is contaminated (mixed types, oil-laden, or degraded):
- Must be sent to an EPA-certified reclaimer for processing
- Cannot be recharged into any system until reclaimed
- Label the cylinder as contaminated/mixed refrigerant
- Reclaimers will determine if the refrigerant can be reprocessed or must be destroyed
Recordkeeping for Shipped Refrigerant
When shipping refrigerant to a reclaimer:
| Record Element | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Sender information | Name, address, EPA certification number |
| Receiver information | Name, address, EPA reclaimer certification |
| Refrigerant details | Type, quantity, condition (recovered, contaminated, etc.) |
| Date | Date of shipment |
| Retention period | 3 years minimum |
For the Exam: Cylinders must be transported upright with caps on. Never transport in an enclosed passenger compartment. DOT 39 cylinders cannot be refilled. Recovery cylinders must have current hydrostatic test dates. Label all recovered refrigerant cylinders clearly.
How often must DOT recovery cylinders undergo hydrostatic testing?
Where should refrigerant cylinders be transported?