OSH Foundations & Legislation
20%of exam
Hazard ID, Risk Assessment & Control
30%of exam
Health Hazards & Industrial Hygiene
20%of exam
Inspection & Accident Investigation
15%of exam
OSH Program & Administration
15%of exam
Quick Facts
- Course
- BOSH for SO2
- Body
- DOLE / OSHC
- Duration
- 40 hours
- Legal basis
- RA 11058 + DO 252-25
- Assessment
- Provider post-test, ~70%
- Level
- Safety Officer 2
- Blueprint
- DO 252-25, May 2025
- Validity
- Lifetime, no expiry
BOSH vs COSH Training
BOSH
- General industry
- Manufacturing, offices
- 40 hours
COSH
- Construction sector
- Site-specific hazards
- 40 hours
Industry vs construction
Safety Officer Level Picker
- Low-risk, 1-50 workers→SO1
- High-risk, 1-9 workers→SO2
- Low-risk, 51-99 workers→SO2
- High-risk, 10-50 workers→SO3
- Need 48-hr advanced + 2yr→SO3 qualification
- Need 80-hr advanced + 4yr→SO4 qualification
- New hire not yet trained→Engage SO4 consultant(Max 1 year)
- Multi-shift operations→Officer per shift
OSH Legal Framework
- RA 11058
- OSH Law (2018)
- DO 198-18
- Original IRR (superseded)
- DO 252-25
- Revised IRR, May 2025
- RA 9514
- Fire Code of Philippines
- OSHC
- DOLE training/research arm
- BWC
- Bureau of Working Conditions
- ATO/STO
- Accredited training organization
- Coverage
- All private establishments
SO2 vs SO3
SO2
- 40-hr BOSH/COSH
- Entry level
- No experience needed
SO3
- +48-hr advanced
- 2 yrs experience
- Higher-risk sites
Entry vs advanced tier
Safety Officer Levels
- SO1
- 8-hr orientation, 2-hr ToT
- SO2
- 40-hour BOSH or COSH
- SO3
- +48-hr advanced, 2 yrs exp
- SO4
- +80-hr advanced, 4 yrs exp
- Conversion
- 80 training hrs = 1 yr
- BOSH
- General industry course
- COSH
- Construction industry course
- Re-entry plan
- BOSH course output
Hierarchy of Controls Order
Eliminate, Substitute, Engineer, Administer, then PPE
Most effective firstPPE is last resortOrder never reverses
Unsafe Act vs Unsafe Condition
Unsafe act
- Worker behavior
- Bypassing guard
- No authorization
Unsafe condition
- Physical hazard
- Damaged equipment
- Missing guard
Behavior vs physical state
Control Selection Order
- Hazard can be removed→Elimination
- Cannot remove hazard→Substitution
- Hazard still present→Engineering controls
- Residual risk remains→Administrative controls
- All else exhausted→PPE
- Noise exceeds 90 dBA→Hearing protection
- Electrical fire (Class C)→CO2 extinguisher
- Machine maintenance needed→Lockout/Tagout
HIRAC Process
- HIRAC
- Identify, assess, control
- Unsafe act
- Risky worker behavior
- Unsafe condition
- Physical workplace hazard
- Risk rating
- Likelihood x severity
- Risk matrix
- Semi-quantitative scoring tool
- Review
- Reassess after changes
5S Housekeeping Order
Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain
Seiri = sortSeiton = set orderSeiso = shineSeiketsu = standardizeShitsuke = sustain
Engineering vs Administrative Controls
Engineering
- Modify equipment
- Isolate hazard
- LEV, guards
Administrative
- Change procedures
- Job rotation
- Training, signage
Physical fix vs behavior
Hierarchy of Controls
- Elimination
- Remove hazard completely
- Substitution
- Replace with safer option
- Engineering
- Isolate hazard physically
- Administrative
- Change work procedures
- PPE
- Last line of defense
- LOTO
- Isolate energy before maintenance
Extinguisher Use (PASS)
Pull pin, Aim low, Squeeze, Sweep side-to-side
Pull the pinAim at baseSqueeze the handleSweep side to side
Fire Classes & Suppression
- Class A
- Wood, paper, textiles
- Class B
- Flammable liquids, gases
- Class C
- Energized electrical equipment
- Class D
- Combustible metals
- Class K
- Cooking oils, fats
- PASS
- Pull, aim, squeeze, sweep
- Fire triangle
- Fuel, heat, oxygen
PPE & 5S Housekeeping
- PPE cost
- Employer pays, always free
- Seiri
- Sort, discard unneeded
- Seiton
- Set items in order
- Seiso
- Shine, clean workspace
- Seiketsu
- Standardize procedures
- Shitsuke
- Sustain discipline
- GFCI
- Trips on ground fault
Hazard Categories
- Physical
- Noise, heat, vibration
- Chemical
- Dusts, vapors, gases
- Biological
- Viruses, bacteria, molds
- Ergonomic
- Posture, repetition, force
- Psychosocial
- Stress, bullying, harassment
Industrial Hygiene Terms
- AREC
- Anticipate, recognize, evaluate, control
- TLV-TWA
- 8-hour average safe exposure
- PEL noise
- 90 dBA for 8 hours
- Exchange rate
- 5 dB halves exposure time
- SDS
- 16-section chemical safety sheet
- Biological monitoring
- Measures total body dose
- LEV
- Captures fumes at source
Near Miss vs First-Aid Case
Near miss
- No injury occurred
- Had potential harm
First-aid case
- Minor injury treated
- No lost workdays
Potential vs actual injury
Incident Response Steps
- Fatal or disabling injury→Notify DOLE in 24hrs
- Near miss occurs→Log and investigate
- Minor first-aid case→Record in monthly WAIR
- Accident scene involved→Preserve scene, rescue only
- Root cause unclear→Apply 5 Whys/Fishbone
- Many hazards found→Rank by risk first
Accident Investigation
- Near miss
- No injury, had potential
- Root cause
- Underlying systemic failure
- Immediate cause
- Direct unsafe trigger
- 5 Whys
- Repeated why questioning
- Fishbone diagram
- Categorize causes (6Ms)
- Scene preservation
- Keep intact except rescue
- Witness timing
- Interview immediately after
Inspection Practices
- Periodic inspection
- Scheduled regular intervals
- Intermittent inspection
- Unannounced spot checks
- Custom checklist
- Matches department hazards
- Priority
- Risk-rank before fixing
- Purpose
- Prevent, not blame
DOLE Report Due Dates
WAIR monthly, AEDR Jan 30, AMR Mar 31
WAIR: every monthAEDR: January 30AMR: March 31
AEDR vs AMR
AEDR
- Exposure data
- Man-hours, injuries
- Due Jan 30
AMR
- Medical services
- Illnesses, treatments
- Due Mar 31
Exposure vs medical report
OSH Committee Structure
- Chairman
- Employer or top official
- Secretary
- Safety officer role
- Members
- Supervisors, workers, nurse
- Meeting frequency
- At least monthly
- Rule 1040
- Governs committee structure
- Joint committee
- Coordinates multi-branch firms
Shelter-in-Place vs Evacuation
Shelter-in-place
- Stay inside
- Seal room, vents off
Evacuation
- Leave building
- Use exit routes
Danger outside vs inside
DOLE Reportorial Deadlines
- WAIR
- Monthly, by the 30th
- AEDR
- Annual, due January 30
- AMR
- Annual, due March 31
- Fatal report
- Notify DOLE within 24hrs
- Frequency rate
- Injuries x 1M / man-hrs
Emergency Preparedness
- Evacuation warden
- Sweeps area, guides exit
- Shelter-in-place
- Stay inside, seal room
- Evacuation
- Leave building immediately
- Drills
- Practice response, prevent panic
- Assembly point
- Safe outdoor gathering spot
Common Traps
Unsafe act ≠ unsafe condition
Act is behavior ≠ Condition is physical
DO 198-18 ≠ DO 252-25
198-18 is original 2018 ≠ 252-25 is revised 2025
BOSH ≠ COSH training
BOSH is general industry ≠ COSH is construction only
Near miss ≠ first-aid case
Near miss has no injury ≠ First-aid case has injury
Elimination ≠ substitution
Elimination removes hazard ≠ Substitution replaces hazard
AEDR ≠ AMR
AEDR is exposure data ≠ AMR is medical report
Lockout ≠ tagout
Lockout applies physical lock ≠ Tagout applies warning label
Last Minute
- 1.SO2 needs 40-hour BOSH course
- 2.RA 11058 is the OSH Law
- 3.DO 252-25 is current revised IRR
- 4.HIRAC: identify, assess, control hazards
- 5.Controls: eliminate before using PPE
- 6.WAIR due monthly by the 30th
- 7.AEDR due every January 30
- 8.AMR due every March 31
- 9.Max fine: 100,000 pesos per day
- 10.OSH Committee meets at least monthly
- 11.PPE is always free to workers
- 12.Fire triangle: fuel, heat, oxygen
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