Investment Landscape
8%of exam
Mutual Fund Concepts
6%of exam
Legal Structure
4%of exam
Legal and Regulatory Framework
10%of exam
Scheme Information
10%of exam
Fund Distribution
6%of exam
NAV, Expenses, and Pricing
8%of exam
Taxation
4%of exam
Investor Services
15%of exam
Risk, Return, and Performance
7%of exam
Scheme Performance
7%of exam
Scheme Selection
15%of exam
Quick Facts
- Format
- Computer-based MCQs
- Questions
- 100
- Marks
- 100
- Time
- 120 minutes
- Passing score
- 50%
- Negative marking
- None
- Exam fee
- ₹1,500 (August 2026)
- Gateway charges
- Extra
- Certificate validity
- 3 years from examination date
- Certificate requirement
- PAN updated
Saving vs Investing
Saving
- Capital accessibility focus
- Usually lower volatility
- Near-term needs
Investing
- Growth or income focus
- Accepts investment risk
- Goal-based horizon
Liquidity now vs future growth
Goals, Assets, and Risks
- Financial goal
- Amount plus target date
- Time horizon
- Time available before goal
- Inflation risk
- Purchasing power erodes
- Liquidity risk
- Exit may be difficult
- Credit risk
- Issuer may default
- Market risk
- Broad prices may fall
- Interest-rate risk
- Rates and bond prices move inversely
- Risk profiling
- Capacity plus willingness
- Asset allocation
- Spread across asset classes
- Diversification
- Reduce concentration risk
- Behavioral bias
- Judgment distorts decisions
- Professional help
- May add expertise and discipline
Open-ended vs Closed-ended
Open-ended
- Ongoing subscriptions
- Ongoing redemptions
- No fixed maturity
Closed-ended
- NFO subscription window
- Fixed maturity
- Exchange liquidity possible
Continuous access vs fixed tenure
Fund Concepts and Types
- Mutual fund
- Pools investor money
- Unit
- Proportional scheme ownership
- Scheme objective
- Defines intended outcome
- Investment policy
- Guides portfolio construction
- Open-ended
- Normally open for purchase and redemption
- Closed-ended
- Specified maturity
- Active management
- Manager selects holdings
- Passive management
- Tracks chosen index
- Equity scheme
- Primarily equity exposure
- Debt scheme
- Primarily fixed-income exposure
- Hybrid scheme
- Mixes asset classes
- Smart beta
- Rules-based factor strategy
Fund Structure
Sponsor | Trustees | AMC | Custodian
Sponsor vs Trustees
Sponsor
- Establishes fund
- Appoints trustees
- Meets eligibility requirements
Trustees
- Oversee AMC
- Protect investors
- Monitor compliance
Creates fund vs oversees management
Mutual Fund Ecosystem
- Sponsor
- Establishes mutual fund
- Trustees
- Protect investor interests
- Trust
- Legal structure for unit-holder assets
- AMC
- Manages scheme investments
- Custodian
- Safekeeps portfolio assets
- Fund accountant
- Computes accounts and NAV
- RTA
- Maintains investor records
- Auditor
- Checks financial reporting
- KRA
- Maintains KYC records
- Depository
- Holds dematerialized units
- Rating agency
- Assesses credit quality
- AMFI
- Mutual fund industry association
Exam Numbers
100 Questions | 120 Minutes | 50 Marks
Rules, Rights, and Redressal
- SEBI
- Securities market regulator
- SEBI MF Regulations
- 2026 framework effective April 2026
- Investment limits
- Control portfolio concentration
- Diversification norms
- Spread scheme exposures
- Advertisement code
- Controls promotional claims
- Investor rights
- Entitlements under scheme documents
- Investor obligations
- Provide accurate compliant information
- SCORES
- SEBI grievance platform
- Distributor diligence
- AMC checks distributor conduct
- Code of ethics
- Fair investor-focused behavior
- Code of conduct
- Intermediary practice standards
Scheme Documents
SID Scheme | SAI Fund | KIM Summary
SID vs SAI
SID
- Scheme-specific
- Objectives and risks
- Fees and operations
SAI
- Fund-wide
- Legal information
- Common operational details
Scheme details vs fund details
Choose a Scheme Document
- Scheme terms needed→Read SID
- Fund-wide details needed→Read SAI
- Quick summary needed→Read KIM
- Recent change suspected→Read addendum
- Current holdings needed→Read portfolio disclosure
- Performance snapshot needed→Read factsheet
Documents and Disclosures
- SID
- Scheme-specific terms and risks
- SAI
- Fund-wide statutory information
- KIM
- Concise scheme summary
- Addendum
- Updates published documents
- Daily NAV
- Daily unit-value disclosure
- TER disclosure
- Published scheme expense ratio
- Scheme dashboard
- Website scheme snapshot
- Portfolio disclosure
- Shows scheme holdings
- Financial results
- Reports scheme finances
- Annual report
- Yearly scheme reporting
- Factsheet
- Periodic performance snapshot
Distributor vs Adviser
Distributor
- Facilitates distribution
- May earn commission
- Discloses role
Adviser
- Provides regulated advice
- Follows advisory framework
- Manages conflicts
Distribution role vs advisory role
Distribution Practice
- Distributor
- Facilitates scheme distribution
- Empanelment
- AMC authorizes distributor
- ARN
- Identifies registered distributor
- EUIN
- Identifies interacting salesperson
- Trail commission
- Ongoing asset-linked payment
- Transaction charge
- Permitted on eligible subscriptions
- Commission disclosure
- Reveals distributor compensation
- MFU
- Shared transaction utility
- Online platform
- Digital distribution channel
- Execution-only
- Implements investor instruction
- Investment adviser
- Provides regulated advice
- Distributor change
- Investor changes servicing intermediary
Tax Building Blocks
- Capital gain
- Consideration less allowable cost
- Holding period
- Classifies gain treatment
- Indexation
- Historical relief; verify current eligibility
- IDCW income
- Taxable investor income
- Stamp duty
- Applies to eligible unit allotments
- Loss set-off
- Offsets eligible capital gains
- TDS
- Withholding, not final tax
- STT
- Applies to specified equity-fund transactions
- ELSS deduction
- s.80C → s.123/Schedule XV (2026)
- GST
- Applies to taxable services
- Tax treatment
- Year, fund type, regime, investor status
Three Systematic S's
SIP Invest | SWP Withdraw | STP Transfer
Direct vs Regular Plans
Direct
- No distributor commission
- Usually lower TER
- Separate NAV
Regular
- Distributor involved
- Distribution cost included
- Separate NAV
Same portfolio, different expenses
Choose a Transaction
- Invest periodically→Use SIP
- Withdraw periodically→Use SWP
- Transfer periodically→Use STP
- Move once→Use switch
- Exit for cash→Use redemption
- Change records→Use non-financial request
Transactions and Servicing
- NFO
- Initial scheme subscription period
- NFO price
- Offer price, not cheapness
- Ongoing price
- NAV-based transaction price
- Direct plan
- No distributor commission
- Regular plan
- Includes distribution expenses
- Growth option
- Returns remain invested
- IDCW payout
- Pays declared distribution
- IDCW reinvestment
- Reinvests declared distribution
- Purchase
- Money buys scheme units
- Redemption
- Units return money
- Switch
- Exit plus purchase between choices
- SIP
- Periodic investment instruction
- SWP
- Periodic unit redemption
- STP
- Periodic inter-scheme transfer
- Cut-off time
- Helps determine applicable NAV
- Funds availability
- Realization affects purchase NAV
- Time stamp
- Records application receipt
- KYC
- Verifies investor identity
- FATCA/CRS
- Captures tax residency
- Nomination
- Names eligible recipient
- Transmission
- Transfers deceased holder units
- Pledge
- Creates lien on units
- Demat
- Electronic unit holding
SIP vs STP
SIP
- External money invested
- Periodic purchases
- Builds units
STP
- Money moves internally
- Periodic scheme transfer
- Requires source scheme
Fresh investing vs internal transfer
Standard Deviation vs Beta
Standard deviation
- Total volatility
- Standalone dispersion
- Higher means wider swings
Beta
- Benchmark sensitivity
- Relative market movement
- Needs relevant benchmark
Total risk vs market sensitivity
Choose a Risk Metric
- Total volatility asked→Use standard deviation
- Market sensitivity asked→Use beta
- Rate sensitivity asked→Use modified duration
- Maturity profile asked→Use WAM
- Credit quality asked→Use credit ratings
- Index consistency asked→Use tracking error
Returns, Risks, and Measures
- Simple return
- One-period percentage change
- Annualized return
- Return expressed yearly
- Compounded return
- Includes return-on-return
- CAGR
- Smoothed annual growth rate
- Systematic risk
- Market-wide, not diversifiable
- Specific risk
- Issuer-specific, diversifiable
- Variance
- Squared return dispersion
- Standard deviation
- Total return volatility
- Beta
- Benchmark sensitivity
- Modified duration
- Interest-rate sensitivity estimate
- WAM
- Average portfolio maturity
- Credit rating
- Credit-risk opinion
- Gating
- Restricts redemptions in permitted cases
- Side pocketing
- Segregates stressed credit assets
PRI vs TRI
PRI
- Price changes only
- Excludes distributions
- Lower return basis
TRI
- Includes distributions
- Assumes reinvestment
- Fuller comparison basis
Price only vs total return
Benchmarks and Risk Adjustment
- Benchmark
- Relevant performance comparator
- PRI
- Tracks price changes only
- TRI
- Includes reinvested distributions
- Sharpe ratio
- Excess return per volatility
- Treynor ratio
- Excess return per beta
- Alpha
- Risk-adjusted excess return
- Tracking difference
- Fund minus index return
- Tracking error
- Tracking-difference variability
- Category peer
- Same-category comparison
- Factsheet
- Performance disclosure source
- AMC website
- Official scheme disclosure source
- AMFI website
- Industry disclosure source
Selection Order
Goal → Horizon → Risk → Scheme
Choose a Suitable Scheme
- Goal undefined→Define amount and date(Do this first)
- Horizon short→Prioritize stability and liquidity
- Horizon long→Assess growth allocation
- Risk capacity low→Limit volatile exposure
- Income needed→Assess cash-flow options
- Category chosen→Compare category peers
- Scheme shortlisted→Check SID and riskometer
Scheme Selection Framework
- Investor need
- Start with financial goal
- Risk capacity
- Ability to bear losses
- Risk appetite
- Willingness to accept volatility
- Horizon fit
- Match goal timing
- Liquidity fit
- Match cash-access needs
- Strategy fit
- Understand portfolio approach
- Category comparison
- Compare like with like
- Consistency
- Review multiple periods
- Cost check
- Compare relevant expenses
- Riskometer
- Scheme risk-level indicator
- Option choice
- Match cash-flow preference
- Suitability
- Product fits investor profile
Common Traps
NFO price means cheap
Offer price is arbitrary ≠ Portfolio value drives returns
Lower NAV means better
NAV reflects unit value ≠ Compare returns and suitability
IDCW is extra return
Distribution reduces scheme assets ≠ NAV adjusts after distribution
Direct and regular portfolios differ
Portfolio remains common ≠ Expenses and NAV differ
TDS settles final tax
TDS is withholding ≠ Final liability may differ
Riskometer guarantees outcomes
It indicates risk level ≠ Returns remain uncertain
Any benchmark works
Benchmark must match strategy ≠ Use relevant return basis
Credit rating guarantees repayment
Rating is an opinion ≠ Credit quality can change
SIP eliminates market risk
SIP spreads purchase timing ≠ Losses remain possible
Skip uncertain exam answers
No negative marking ≠ Attempt every question
Last Minute
- 1.Memorize 12 unit weights
- 2.Prioritize both 15% units
- 3.Know sponsor trustee AMC roles
- 4.Separate SID SAI KIM
- 5.Practice NAV calculations
- 6.Separate direct and regular
- 7.Distinguish SIP SWP STP
- 8.Review KYC investor categories
- 9.Match risks to metrics
- 10.Compare PRI and TRI
- 11.Know Sharpe Treynor alpha
- 12.Select by goal and risk
- 13.Avoid stale tax rates
- 14.Read every qualifier
- 15.Attempt all 100 questions
- 16.Budget 72 seconds each
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