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100+ Free NPLEX I Practice Questions

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Which cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract down to the splenic flexure?

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B
C
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Key Facts: NPLEX I Exam

200

Multiple-Choice Items

NABNE

5 hours

Total Testing Time

NABNE (two 2.5-hour sections)

75

Scaled Passing Score

NABNE Scoring Process

2x / year

Administrations

NABNE (typically August and February)

CNME

Required Program Accreditation

NABNE Eligibility

Prometric

Testing Center

NABNE Exam Administration

NPLEX Part I is the gateway biomedical sciences licensing exam for naturopathic doctors in the US and Canada. Administered by NABNE at Prometric testing centers, the exam contains 200 multiple-choice questions delivered in two 2.5-hour sections on a single day (5 hours total with a 1-hour break). Students at CNME-accredited ND programs must pass Part I before beginning clinical rotations and before sitting for NPLEX Part II Core Clinical Sciences. The exam covers anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics, microbiology and immunology, and pathology, and is scored on a scaled basis where 75 is the passing score; candidates must pass both the Structure/Function and Disease/Dysfunction general exam areas independently. NPLEX Part I is offered twice yearly (typically August and February).

Sample NPLEX I Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your NPLEX I exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract down to the splenic flexure?
A.Vagus nerve (CN X)
B.Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
C.Facial nerve (CN VII)
D.Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Explanation: The vagus nerve (CN X) supplies parasympathetic fibers to the gut from the esophagus distally to the splenic flexure of the colon. Beyond the splenic flexure, parasympathetic input comes from the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4). CN IX innervates the parotid gland and pharynx, and CN VII supplies the submandibular, sublingual, and lacrimal glands.
2A patient has a lesion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the left side. Which structure is most likely responsible if the lesion occurs in the thorax?
A.Arch of the aorta
B.Right subclavian artery
C.Thyroid gland
D.Brachiocephalic trunk
Explanation: The left recurrent laryngeal nerve loops under the arch of the aorta at the level of the ligamentum arteriosum, making it vulnerable to thoracic pathology such as aortic aneurysms or left-sided lung tumors. The right recurrent laryngeal nerve instead loops under the right subclavian artery in the neck.
3Which layer of the epidermis contains the highest density of keratohyalin granules?
A.Stratum granulosum
B.Stratum basale
C.Stratum spinosum
D.Stratum corneum
Explanation: Keratohyalin granules, which contain profilaggrin and are essential for keratin cross-linking, are the defining feature of the stratum granulosum. The stratum basale contains proliferating keratinocytes, the stratum spinosum features desmosome-rich cells, and the stratum corneum contains terminally keratinized dead cells.
4A patient cannot abduct their arm past 15 degrees. Damage to which nerve is most likely responsible?
A.Suprascapular nerve
B.Axillary nerve
C.Long thoracic nerve
D.Musculocutaneous nerve
Explanation: The supraspinatus muscle initiates the first 15 degrees of shoulder abduction and is innervated by the suprascapular nerve. Beyond 15 degrees, the deltoid (axillary nerve) takes over. Long thoracic nerve damage causes scapular winging, and musculocutaneous nerve lesions affect forearm flexion and lateral forearm sensation.
5Which structure passes through the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone?
A.Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)
B.Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)
C.Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V1)
D.Middle meningeal artery
Explanation: The mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve exits the skull through the foramen ovale. V2 passes through the foramen rotundum, V1 exits through the superior orbital fissure, and the middle meningeal artery enters through the foramen spinosum.
6The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) of the knee prevents which primary motion?
A.Posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
B.Anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
C.Lateral rotation of the tibia
D.Varus angulation of the knee
Explanation: The PCL attaches the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial femoral condyle and prevents posterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur (tested by the posterior drawer sign). The ACL prevents anterior tibial translation (anterior drawer sign).
7Which region of the adrenal gland produces aldosterone?
A.Zona glomerulosa
B.Zona fasciculata
C.Zona reticularis
D.Adrenal medulla
Explanation: The outermost zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex synthesizes aldosterone, regulated primarily by angiotensin II and potassium. The zona fasciculata produces cortisol, the zona reticularis produces androgens such as DHEA, and the medulla produces catecholamines. A useful mnemonic is GFR: Glomerulosa/Fasciculata/Reticularis make Salt/Sugar/Sex.
8The ligament of Treitz marks the anatomical boundary between which two regions?
A.Duodenum and jejunum
B.Jejunum and ileum
C.Stomach and duodenum
D.Ileum and cecum
Explanation: The ligament of Treitz (suspensory ligament of the duodenum) marks the duodenojejunal flexure, which is the clinical boundary between upper and lower GI bleeding. Bleeding proximal to this ligament is typically upper GI; bleeding distal to it is lower GI.
9A patient with a stroke loses sensation on the right side of the body and the left side of the face. Where is the lesion most likely located?
A.Left lateral medulla
B.Right lateral medulla
C.Right cerebral cortex
D.Left internal capsule
Explanation: Lateral medullary (Wallenberg) syndrome from posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion causes ipsilateral facial sensory loss (involving the spinal trigeminal nucleus) and contralateral body sensory loss (involving the already-crossed spinothalamic tract). A left-sided lesion therefore produces right body and left face sensory loss.
10Which type of epithelium lines the trachea and most of the bronchial tree?
A.Pseudostratified ciliated columnar with goblet cells
B.Simple squamous
C.Stratified squamous keratinized
D.Simple cuboidal
Explanation: The conducting airways from the trachea through the larger bronchi are lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells. The mucociliary escalator traps and removes inhaled particles. Simple squamous epithelium lines the alveoli (type I pneumocytes).

About the NPLEX I Exam

The NPLEX Part I Biomedical Science Examination is the first of two licensing exams required to become a licensed naturopathic doctor in the US and most Canadian provinces. Administered by NABNE at Prometric testing centers, it consists of 200 multiple-choice items covering anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics, microbiology and immunology, and pathology. Students at CNME-accredited ND programs typically sit for Part I after completing their second-year biomedical sciences coursework and must pass before starting clinical rotations.

Questions

200 scored questions

Time Limit

5 hours (two 2.5-hour sections)

Passing Score

Scaled 75

Exam Fee

See NABNE fees page (NABNE)

NPLEX I Exam Content Outline

~24%

Physiology

Cellular, organ-system, and integrative physiology across cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, GI, endocrine, reproductive, and nervous systems, including acid-base and fluid/electrolyte balance

~24%

Pathology

General pathology (inflammation, cell injury, neoplasia, healing) plus systems-based pathology across all organ systems; integrates epidemiology of disease

~20%

Anatomy

Gross anatomy by region, histology of all tissue types, neuroanatomy including cranial nerves and tracts, and key embryology

~16%

Biochemistry and Genetics

Metabolic pathways, enzyme kinetics, molecular biology, vitamins and cofactors, and Mendelian and molecular genetics

~16%

Microbiology and Immunology

Bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, innate and adaptive immunity, hypersensitivity reactions, and vaccines

How to Pass the NPLEX I Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Scaled 75
  • Exam length: 200 questions
  • Time limit: 5 hours (two 2.5-hour sections)
  • Exam fee: See NABNE fees page

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

NPLEX I Study Tips from Top Performers

1Integrate across disciplines — NPLEX I items often weave anatomy, physiology, and pathology into a single vignette, so study by organ system rather than one subject at a time
2Master the two general exam areas (GEAs) equally — you must pass both Structure/Function and Disease/Dysfunction independently, so do not neglect pathology or microbiology in favor of your strengths
3Build differential diagnoses from histology and morphology — Robbins Basic Pathology images show up in NPLEX style vignettes, so practice pattern recognition
4Drill metabolic pathways as regulated cycles — glycolysis, TCA, gluconeogenesis, urea cycle, beta-oxidation, and the electron transport chain each have rate-limiting enzymes and classic inborn errors worth memorizing
5Use active recall and spaced repetition — flashcards for enzyme names, cranial nerves, bugs-drugs, and cytokines give the highest yield per hour of study
6Take full-length timed practice exams every 2-3 weeks in the final month — the 5-hour, two-session structure demands endurance training, not just content mastery
7Review NABNE's official NPLEX Study Guide early — it is included with your application fee and contains the exact content blueprint and sample items
8Form a study group for immunology and microbiology — bug-by-bug and pathway-by-pathway recitation with peers consolidates details that are hard to retain solo

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the NPLEX Part I exam?

NPLEX Part I is the biomedical sciences licensing exam administered by NABNE (North American Board of Naturopathic Examiners). It is the first of two exams required to become a licensed naturopathic doctor in the US and most Canadian provinces. The exam contains 200 multiple-choice items covering anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics, microbiology and immunology, and pathology. Candidates at CNME-accredited ND programs typically sit for Part I after completing their second-year biomedical sciences coursework.

How is the NPLEX Part I exam structured?

Part I is delivered in two sections on the same day: a morning session of 100 items (2.5 hours) and an afternoon session of 100 items (2.5 hours), with a 1-hour break between sections. Total testing time is 5 hours. Items are multiple-choice with single best answers, often presented as short clinical vignettes focused on biomedical basis rather than diagnosis or treatment. The exam is administered at Prometric testing centers.

What is the passing score for NPLEX Part I?

NABNE uses scaled scoring. A converted (scaled) score of 75 is the minimum passing mark, which typically corresponds to answering roughly 60-70% of items correctly depending on exam difficulty. Importantly, candidates must pass each of two general exam areas (GEAs) independently: Structure/Function (anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics) and Disease/Dysfunction (microbiology and immunology, pathology). Failing either GEA means failing the entire exam.

Who is eligible to take NPLEX Part I?

You must be enrolled in or a graduate of a naturopathic medical program accredited by the Council on Naturopathic Medical Education (CNME) and must have completed all required biomedical sciences coursework. Most ND schools require students to pass NPLEX Part I before beginning clinical rotations in the third year. International candidates from non-CNME programs are not eligible.

How much does NPLEX Part I cost?

NABNE does not post a single flat fee publicly — the application fee bundles the NPLEX Study Guide, registration, and examination administration. Fees are paid in US dollars through the NABNE applicant portal. Candidates should check nabne.org/fees for the current fee schedule before applying. Additional fees apply for manual scoring ($50), transcripts ($30), deferrals, and retakes.

When is NPLEX Part I offered?

NPLEX Part I is offered twice yearly, typically in August and February, at Prometric testing centers throughout the US and Canada. Application and registration deadlines fall several months before each administration. Check the NABNE Important Dates page for the current exam schedule and registration windows.

What happens if I fail NPLEX Part I?

Candidates who fail may retake NPLEX Part I at the next scheduled administration. You must reapply through the NABNE applicant portal and pay the applicable reexamination fee. Because most ND programs require Part I for clinical rotation eligibility, failing can delay graduation. Candidates who fail should focus remediation on the specific general exam area (Structure/Function or Disease/Dysfunction) where they fell short.

How should I study for NPLEX Part I?

Plan 3-6 months of dedicated review after completing second-year coursework. Use standard medical textbooks — Robbins Basic Pathology, Guyton Physiology, Lehninger Biochemistry, Moore Clinically Oriented Anatomy, and Levinson Medical Microbiology. Supplement with NABNE's official NPLEX Study Guide (included with application), BoardVitals or Wild Brilliance Press question banks, and timed full-length practice exams to build pacing and endurance.