EVI — Unified Entrance Examination for Master's Admission (Ukraine)

Read the micro-text: 'While digital archives increase access to historical documents, they also introduce challenges regarding long-term file format compatibility and hardware obsolescence. Therefore, institutions must ____.' Which clause best logically completes the text?

• Aabandon paper archiving entirely in favor of cloud storage
• Bdevelop continuous digital migration strategies alongside physical preservation
• Crestrict public access to digital files to prevent unauthorized editing
• Drely exclusively on open-source file formats for all future records

Premise 1: Every candidate who passed the entrance exam completed the prerequisite logic workshop. Premise 2: Olena did not complete the prerequisite logic workshop. Which conclusion validly follows?

• AOlena failed the entrance exam.
• BOlena scored below average on the entrance exam.
• COlena will complete the workshop next semester.
• DOlena was exempted from taking the entrance exam.

A research table presents the annual electricity production by source in a municipality: Hydroelectric (40%), Wind (30%), Solar (15%), Biomass (10%), Natural Gas (5%). If total production is 500 gigawatt-hours (GWh), how much energy is generated from renewable sources (Hydro, Wind, Solar, Biomass combined)?

• A425 GWh
• B450 GWh
• C475 GWh
• D490 GWh

Identify the main argument in the statement: 'Recent studies indicate that urban tree canopies reduce surface temperatures by up to 4°C during heatwaves. Consequently, municipal governments should prioritize urban reforestation as a core climate adaptation policy.'

• AUrban heatwaves have increased in intensity over recent years.
• BMunicipal governments have failed to invest in environmental initiatives.
• CUrban reforestation should be prioritized by municipalities as a climate adaptation measu…
• DTrees provide aesthetic value to city streets and residential neighborhoods.

Four applicants (Anna, Bohdan, Viktor, Daria) sit for an oral interview. Anna interviews before Bohdan. Viktor interviews after Daria. Daria interviews immediately before Anna. In what position does Bohdan interview?

• AFirst or second
• BSecond or third
• CThird or fourth
• DFourth only

Read the text: 'Although economic growth often stimulates employment, rapid technological automation can displace traditional labor sectors before new job categories fully emerge.' What relationship does the text establish between automation and employment?

• AAutomation guarantees immediate net job creation across all sectors.
• BAutomation can create temporary structural unemployment during transitions.
• CAutomation halts general economic growth entirely.
• DAutomation only affects agriculture and heavy manufacturing.

Which of the following logical fallacies is present in this argument? 'We must adopt this new curriculum immediately, or our university will become completely irrelevant within five years.'

• AFalse Dilemma (Either-Or Fallacy)
• BAd Hominem
• CPost Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
• DCircular Reasoning

In a logical matrix, 4 projects (P1, P2, P3, P4) are assigned to 4 departments (Finance, Marketing, IT, HR). IT handles P3. Finance does not handle P1 or P4. Marketing handles P1. Which project does HR handle?

• AP1
• BP2
• CP3
• DP4

Read the passage: 'Ethical guidelines in artificial intelligence research should not merely react to existing technological misuses. Instead, they ought to be proactively integrated into the initial algorithmic design phase.' Which principle is advocated by the author?

• AEthics by Design
• BPost-deployment Audit
• CAlgorithmic Deregulation
• DCommercial Monetization

Statement X: 'All members of the research team have submitted their reports.' Statement Y: 'At least one member of the research team has not submitted their report.' What is the logical relationship between X and Y?

• AContradictory
• BConsistent
• CEquivalent
• DTautological

A survey of 200 graduate students shows that 120 use statistical software R, 90 use Python, and 40 use both. How many students use neither R nor Python?

• A20
• B30
• C40
• D50

Complete the logical series: 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, ____.

• A95
• B115
• C127
• D143

Read the micro-text: 'Public health campaigns that emphasize personal responsibility often fail if structural barriers, such as food deserts and lack of green space, remain unaddressed. Therefore, effective intervention requires ____.' Which conclusion is best supported?

• Afocusing exclusively on individual habit modification
• Baddressing systemic environmental and socio-economic infrastructure
• Cincreasing commercial advertising for health products
• Deliminating public funding for municipal health campaigns

If 'No invalid experiments yield reliable data' and 'Experiment K yielded reliable data', what can be deduced about Experiment K?

• AExperiment K was a valid experiment.
• BExperiment K was conducted in a laboratory.
• CExperiment K produced no experimental error.
• DExperiment K cannot be replicated.

In a library cataloging system, books are labeled with a 3-character code consisting of 2 distinct letters followed by 1 non-zero digit. How many unique codes can be generated using the letters {A, B, C, D} and digits {1, 2, 3}?

• A24
• B36
• C48
• D64

Identify the sentence that contains a flaw in reasoning: 'City X introduced dedicated bus lanes last year. Traffic congestion decreased by 15%. Thus, bus lanes are the sole reason traffic improved.'

• AIt assumes correlation proves exclusive causation without considering confounding factors.
• BIt relies on invalid mathematical calculations.
• CIt uses ad hominem attacks against drivers.
• DIt contradicts its own initial premise.

Read the passage: 'Peer review serves as a cornerstone of academic quality control. However, critics point out that it can occasionally suppress radical or non-traditional hypotheses that challenge established consensus.' Which statement best reflects the author's dual perspective?

• APeer review is entirely ineffective and should be abolished.
• BPeer review is necessary for quality but carries potential bias against novel paradigms.
• CNon-traditional hypotheses are always scientifically superior.
• DEstablished consensus should never be questioned by peer reviewers.

Five cities (V, W, X, Y, Z) are connected by high-speed rail. V connects directly to W and X. Y connects directly to X and Z. Z connects to W. What is the minimum number of trains needed to travel from V to Z?

• A1 train (direct)
• B2 trains
• C3 trains
• D4 trains

If all A are B, and no B are C, what can be concluded about the relationship between A and C?

• AAll A are C
• BSome A are C
• CNo A are C
• DSome A are not B

A data chart indicates that 60% of university graduates find employment within 3 months, 25% within 6 months, and 10% within 12 months. What cumulative percentage of graduates are employed within 6 months?

• A60%
• B75%
• C85%
• D95%

Which of the following assumptions is necessary for the conclusion: 'Increasing solar panel installations will reduce national carbon emissions'?

• ASolar energy will replace at least some fossil-fuel energy generation.
• BSolar panels require no maintenance over their operational lifespan.
• CNational electricity consumption will double over the next decade.
• DWind energy is less efficient than solar energy.

Four researchers (K, L, M, N) work in different labs (1, 2, 3, 4). K works in Lab 3. L does not work in Lab 1 or Lab 4. M works in Lab 1. In which lab does N work?

• ALab 1
• BLab 2
• CLab 3
• DLab 4

Read the statement: 'Unless the team secures additional funding by Friday, the project will be suspended.' Which statement is logically equivalent?

• AIf the project is suspended, the team did not secure funding by Friday.
• BIf the team secures funding by Friday, the project will not be suspended.
• CIf the project is not suspended, the team secured funding by Friday.
• DThe project will be suspended even if funding is secured by Friday.

In a study, Group A receives a dietary supplement while Group B receives a placebo. If Group A shows a statistically significant improvement in cognitive recall, what role does Group B serve?

• AExperimental variable
• BControl group
• CIndependent variable
• DConfounding factor

Complete the analogy: HYPOTHESIS : EXPERIMENT :: ALLEGATION : ____

• AVerdict
• BInvestigation
• CPardon
• DAccusation

Read the text: 'Monetary policy adjustments by central banks influence commercial interest rates. When central banks raise benchmark rates, commercial borrowing becomes more expensive, which tends to dampen inflationary pressures.' What is the primary causal chain described?

• ABenchmark rate increase -> Higher borrowing costs -> Reduced inflation pressure
• BBenchmark rate decrease -> Lower borrowing costs -> Higher inflation pressure
• CHigher inflation -> Benchmark rate decrease -> Increased commercial borrowing
• DCommercial borrowing increase -> Benchmark rate increase -> Lower inflation

If x > y and y > z, which of the following expressions MUST be true for all real numbers x, y, z?

• Ax + z > 2y
• Bx - z > 0
• Cx * z > y^2
• Dx / z > 1

A committee must choose 3 members from 5 candidates (A, B, C, D, E). If A and B refuse to serve together on the same committee, how many different 3-member committees can be formed?

• A7
• B8
• C9
• D10

Read the passage: 'Scholars disagree on whether ancient urbanization was driven by defense requirements or agricultural surplus. However, archaeological evidence from site M reveals fortified walls built centuries before agricultural storage facilities.' What does this evidence suggest?

• ADefense requirements preceded agricultural surplus as an urban catalyst at site M.
• BAgricultural surplus was the sole cause of urbanization at site M.
• CSite M was never occupied by an urban population.
• DFortified walls were built exclusively to store grain.

Which term best describes a statement that is true by virtue of its logical form alone, regardless of the truth values of its constituent parts?

• ATautology
• BContradiction
• CContingency
• DParadox

If a bar graph shows company profits in 2023 were €2.0 million and in 2024 were €2.5 million, what was the percentage growth in profit?

• A20%
• B25%
• C30%
• D50%

Read the micro-text: 'Despite widespread adoption of automated translation software, professional human translators remain essential for legal documents because ____.' Which ending best completes the sentence logically?

• Alegal terminology requires nuanced contextual interpretation and binding accountability
• Bautomated software is incapable of processing electronic text files
• Chuman translators work much faster than computer processors
• Dlegal contracts do not contain technical language

What is the contrapositive of the statement: 'If a country invests in education, its literacy rate increases'?

• AIf a country's literacy rate does not increase, it did not invest in education.
• BIf a country does not invest in education, its literacy rate does not increase.
• CIf a country's literacy rate increases, it invested in education.
• DA country's literacy rate increases if and only if it invests in education.

Four employees (E1, E2, E3, E4) submit expense reports on Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu. E1 submits before E3. E4 submits on Thursday. E2 submits immediately after E1. On which day does E1 submit?

• AMonday
• BTuesday
• CWednesday
• DThursday

Which of the following is an example of an EMPIRICAL statement?

• AWater boils at 100°C at standard atmospheric pressure.
• BJustice is the most important political virtue.
• CAll circles are round by definition.
• DTriangles should be aesthetically pleasing.

If 40% of a university class are male and 30% of the male students wear glasses, what percentage of the total class are males who wear glasses?

• A10%
• B12%
• C15%
• D18%

Read the text: 'The introduction of strict emissions standards forced automobile manufacturers to innovate cleaner engine technologies, ultimately driving down production costs of electric vehicles.' What was an indirect consequence of strict emissions standards?

• AHigher fuel consumption in traditional cars
• BDecreased production costs for electric vehicles
• CA complete ban on private vehicle ownership
• DImmediate closure of car manufacturing plants

Which logical fallacy occurs when someone refutes a distorted version of an opponent's argument rather than the actual argument presented?

• AStraw Man
• BRed Herring
• CSlippery Slope
• DBegging the Question

A code sequence follows the pattern: A1, C3, E5, G7, ____. What is the next element?

• AH8
• BI9
• CJ9
• DI10

Read the text: 'Historical analysis shows that trade agreements reduce tariffs, but non-tariff barriers can still hinder cross-border commerce.' What is the author's primary warning?

• AEliminating tariffs guarantees complete free trade.
• BNon-tariff barriers must also be addressed to achieve true commercial integration.
• CTariffs are the only obstacle to global commerce.
• DTrade agreements are inherently ineffective.

If 5 workers build 5 modules in 5 hours, how many hours does it take 100 workers to build 100 modules at the same rate?

• A1 hour
• B5 hours
• C20 hours
• D100 hours

Which condition is NECESSARY but NOT SUFFICIENT for a positive integer to be divisible by 6?

• AThe integer is divisible by 2 and by 3.
• BThe integer is even.
• CThe integer is divisible by 12.
• DThe integer is divisible by 5.

Read the paragraph: 'Biotechnology offers powerful tools for crop improvement. However, regulatory frameworks must ensure thorough biosafety assessments to protect native ecosystems from unintended genetic flow.' What is the author's stance?

• ASupportive of biotechnology, provided rigorous biosafety regulations are enforced
• BOpposed to all agricultural biotechnology research
• CIndifferent toward environmental biosafety risks
• DAdvocating immediate deregulation of genetically modified crops

In a Venn diagram of 30 research projects, 18 use qualitative methods, 15 use quantitative methods, and 5 use mixed methods (both). How many projects use neither qualitative nor quantitative methods?

• A2
• B4
• C6
• D8

Identify the logical flaw: 'Professor Schmidt claims that climate change accelerates glacial melting. But Professor Schmidt was once fined for a parking violation, so his research cannot be trusted.'

• AAd Hominem
• BAppeal to Authority
• CCircular Logic
• DSlippery Slope

Read the sentence: 'The team completed the survey despite severe weather conditions.' Which rewrite preserves the original meaning?

• AAlthough weather conditions were severe, the team completed the survey.
• BBecause weather conditions were severe, the team completed the survey.
• CThe team completed the survey whenever weather conditions were severe.
• DSevere weather conditions prevented the team from completing the survey.

A dataset has values {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}. If each value in the dataset is multiplied by 3, what happens to the mean?

• ARemains unchanged
• BIncreases by 3
• CTriples (multiplied by 3)
• DIncreases by 12

Four documents (Doc 1, Doc 2, Doc 3, Doc 4) are archived. Doc 1 is older than Doc 3. Doc 4 is newer than Doc 2. Doc 2 is older than Doc 1. Which document is the oldest?

• ADoc 1
• BDoc 2
• CDoc 3
• DDoc 4