CAAS SAR-66 AML Module 13 — Aircraft Aerodynamics, Structures and Systems (Singapore)

What standard AC voltage, frequency, and phase configuration is used for primary electrical power generation on modern transport category commercial aircraft?

• A115/200 V AC, 400 Hz, 3-phase
• B230 V AC, 50 Hz, single-phase
• C28 V AC, 60 Hz, 2-phase
• D400 V AC, 1000 Hz, 3-phase

In an ARINC 429 digital data word, how many total bits comprise a standard data transmission frame?

• A32 bits
• B16 bits
• C64 bits
• D128 bits

What frequency band is assigned for VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) ground navigation stations?

• A108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz
• B118.00 MHz to 136.975 MHz
• C329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz
• D962 MHz to 1213 MHz

What component converts main AC electrical power to 28 V DC power to supply DC buses and charge aircraft batteries?

• ATransformer Rectifier Unit (TRU)
• BStatic Inverter
• CIntegrated Drive Generator (IDG)
• DGenerator Control Unit (GCU)

In a Fly-By-Wire (FBW) flight control system, what is the function of flight control computers (e.g., PRIM / SEC or FCCs)?

• ATo process pilot sidestick/yoke inputs and sensor feedback, calculate flight control surf…
• BTo directly regulate engine fuel flow during takeoff
• CTo control cabin air conditioning temperature
• DTo encode transponder Mode S replies

What sensor measures Total Air Temperature (TAT) on commercial transport aircraft for Air Data Computer (ADC) processing?

• AHeated TAT probe extending into free airstream incorporating a stagnation chamber
• BUnheated static port recessed in the fuselage skin
• CCabin temperature thermistor
• DExhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) thermocouple

What is the primary operational difference between a fail-passive and a fail-operational autoland system during Category III precision instrument approaches?

• AUpon a single failure below decision height, a fail-passive system disengages without cau…
• BFail-passive systems operate with no autopilot engaged
• CFail-operational systems shut down both engines on touchdown
• DFail-passive systems are used only in visual flight rules (VFR) conditions

What radio navigation system operates in the UHF frequency band between 329.15 MHz and 335.00 MHz to provide vertical guidance during an ILS approach?

• AILS Glide Slope (GS) receiver
• BILS Localizer (LOC) receiver
• CMarker Beacon receiver
• DAutomatic Direction Finder (ADF)

In AFDX (Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet / ARINC 664 Part 7), what is a Virtual Link (VL)?

• AA unidirectional logical connection from a single transmitting end-system to a fixed set…
• BA mechanical cable connecting pilot pedals to rudder
• CA wireless Bluetooth link between cockpit tablets
• DA high-voltage AC bus bar

What parameter is displayed on an Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) Primary Flight Display (PFD) speed tape as $V_{MO} / M_{MO}$?

• AMaximum Operating Limit Speed / Mach number (barber pole line)
• BStall speed in landing configuration
• CBest angle of climb speed
• DGround speed calculated from GPS

How does a TCAS II (Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System) computer determine the relative distance and bearing of an intruder aircraft?

• ABy transmitting Mode S interrogations at 1030 MHz and analyzing 1090 MHz transponder repl…
• BBy using optical infrared cameras mounted on the wingtips
• CBy measuring air density changes from jet engine wake turbulence
• DBy receiving VHF voice broadcasts from air traffic control

What electrical component maintains constant generator AC frequency (400 Hz) despite varying jet engine rotational speeds (N2 RPM)?

• AConstant Speed Drive (CSD) integrated inside an Integrated Drive Generator (IDG)
• BTransformer Rectifier Unit (TRU)
• CStatic Inverter
• DNickel-Cadmium Battery

What type of TCAS advisory commands specific vertical maneuvering (e.g., 'CLIMB, CLIMB' or 'DESCEND, DESCEND') to maintain safe aircraft separation?

• AResolution Advisory (RA)
• BTraffic Advisory (TA)
• CPredictive Windshear Warning
• DTerrain Awareness Alert

In an aircraft fuel quantity indicating system (FQIS), how do modern capacitance fuel probes compensate for changes in fuel dielectric constant caused by temperature or fuel composition variations?

• ABy incorporating a compensator capacitor probe located at the lowest point of the fuel ta…
• BBy heating the fuel to 100 degrees C before measuring
• CBy measuring tire pressure
• DBy using mechanical cork floats connected to potentiometers

What is Mach Trim in high-speed jet aircraft flight control systems?

• AAn automatic control system that adjusts horizontal stabilizer / elevator pitch trim nose…
• BA manual lever used to shut off jet fuel at high altitude
• CAn engine throttle lock that prevents supersonic acceleration
• DA rudder control mode used during crosswind landings

What frequency band is assigned for airborne Weather Radar systems to detect precipitation and convective storms?

• AX-band (approximately 9.3 GHz to 9.5 GHz)
• BVHF band (118 MHz to 136 MHz)
• CHF band (2 MHz to 30 MHz)
• DL-band (1.0 GHz to 1.2 GHz)

In an ARINC 429 data word, what do bits 30 and 31 represent?

• ASign / Status Matrix (SSM)
• BLabel identification code
• CSource / Destination Identifier (SDI)
• DOdd Parity bit

What is the function of a static discharger (wick) mounted on aircraft wingtips and trailing edge surfaces?

• ATo discharge accumulated precipitation static charge continuously into the atmosphere, pr…
• BTo attract lightning strikes directly into the fuel tank
• CTo illuminate the runway during night landing
• DTo measure outside air temperature

What flight parameter is measured by a Radio Altimeter system on commercial aircraft?

• AAbsolute height above terrain directly below the aircraft (AGL) from 0 to 2,500 feet
• BPressure altitude above 29.92 inHg datum
• CIndicated airspeed in knots
• DBarometric vertical speed in feet per minute

What is Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture in modern commercial aircraft (e.g. A380, A350, B787)?

• AA centralized processing architecture where multiple software applications run on shared,…
• BA system where every single light bulb has its own dedicated computer unit
• CAn analog mechanical linkage system using chains and pulleys
• DA radar display unit fitted inside passenger seat headrests

What is the function of a Yaw Damper system in a jet transport aircraft?

• ATo automatically deflect the rudder to damp out Dutch roll oscillations and provide turn…
• BTo lock the nose wheel during pushback
• CTo deploy thrust reversers during landing flare
• DTo tilt the PFD display screen

What type of electrical battery is widely used for aircraft main emergency power due to its low internal resistance and flat discharge voltage curve?

• ANickel-Cadmium (NiCd) or Lithium-Ion battery
• BZinc-Carbon dry cell flashlight battery
• CLead-acid car battery with flooded caps
• DMercuric oxide button cell

What radio frequency is universally assigned for aviation Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) to transmit distress signals to Cospas-Sarsat satellite networks?

• A406.0 MHz (with 121.5 MHz homing signal)
• B243.0 MHz only
• C10.0 MHz
• D14.000 GHz

In an aircraft Environmental Control System (ECS), what digital controller regulates cabin pressure by modulating the outflow valve position?

• ACabin Pressure Controller (CPC)
• BFlight Management Computer (FMC)
• CAudio Management Unit (AMU)
• DCentral Maintenance Computer (CMC)

What is the function of a Bus Tie Breaker (BTB) in a multi-generator aircraft electrical distribution system?

• ATo connect left and right main AC buses together so a single operating generator can powe…
• BTo disconnect the flight control stick from the autopilot
• CTo short-circuit the generator to ground during starting
• DTo connect static ports to the pitot tube

What primary guidance information is displayed on an ILS Localizer indicator on the PFD?

• ALateral deviation left or right of the runway centerline
• BVertical deviation above or below the glide path
• CDistance to destination in nautical miles
• DAircraft ground speed in knots

What is the function of an Autothrottle / Autothrust (A/T or A/THR) system in an airliner autoflight suite?

• ATo automatically command engine thrust levers / FADEC thrust targets to maintain selected…
• BTo steer the nose gear on the ground
• CTo deploy landing gear at 500 feet AGL automatically
• DTo switch cockpit radios from VHF to HF

What type of databus transmission standard uses a single pair of twisted shielded wires carrying bipolar return-to-zero (RTO) modulation at 100 kbps (High Speed)?

• AARINC 429
• BMIL-STD-1553B
• CEthernet 100BASE-TX
• DRS-232 serial

In a continuous-loop fire detection system (such as Kidde or Fenwal), what causes the system to trigger a fire alarm?

• AHigh heat causes internal gas expansion (pneumatic type) or drops core thermistor resista…
• BOptical smoke blocks a light beam inside the engine casing
• CAir pressure drops below 14.7 psi
• DFuel pressure rises to 1,000 psi

What is the function of an Air Data Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU)?

• ATo combine Air Data Computer (ADC) barometric/airspeed functions and Inertial Reference S…
• BTo broadcast cabin Wi-Fi to passengers
• CTo regulate hydraulic pump pressure
• DTo control engine thrust reverser doors

What guidance mode is activated when the pilot selects 'NAV' or 'LNAV' on the Autopilot Flight Guidance Panel?

• AThe autopilot tracks the active lateral flight plan route programmed in the Flight Manage…
• BThe aircraft flies directly toward the magnetic North Pole
• CThe autopilot holds constant barometric altitude only
• DThe landing gear extends automatically

What radio navigation aid uses ground-based interrogator-transponder pulse pairs in the 962 MHz to 1213 MHz UHF band to measure slant range distance?

• ADistance Measuring Equipment (DME)
• BAutomatic Direction Finder (ADF)
• CVHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)
• DMarker Beacon

What is the purpose of an Emergency Electrical Configuration (Elec Emerg Config) in commercial transport aircraft?

• ATo automatically shed non-essential electrical loads during total main AC generation fail…
• BTo turn on cabin reading lights for all passengers
• CTo recharge main batteries in 10 seconds
• DTo disable all flight warning horns

What type of data warning is generated by an Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS / TAWS) when an aircraft is flying toward rising terrain?

• ATerrain Look-Ahead Warning ('TERRAIN, TERRAIN - PULL UP') based on GPS position and inter…
• BTraffic Resolution Advisory ('DESCEND, DESCEND')
• COverspeed Warning horn
• DLow Fuel Level warning

What is the function of a Central Maintenance Computer (CMC / OMS) on modern airliner avionics suites?

• ATo collect, filter, consolidate, and log BITE fault codes and LRU failure reports from al…
• BTo steer the aircraft during ILS autoland
• CTo control engine fuel flow during cruise
• DTo regulate cabin air temperature

What primary indication is provided on an Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System (EICAS / ECAM) display when a system parameter exceeds normal operating limits?

• AColor-coded warning/caution messages (Red for Warning, Amber for Caution) accompanied by…
• BA green checkmark icon
• CThe display screen turns off completely
• DEngine throttles lock in idle position

What control surface on a swept-wing jet transport is deflected symmetrically on both wings during landing rollout to destroy wing lift and transfer weight onto the landing gear wheels?

• AGround spoilers / speedbrakes
• BAilerons
• CLeading edge slats
• DRudder

What frequency band is assigned for High Frequency (HF) long-range oceanic communications?

• A2 MHz to 30 MHz
• B118 MHz to 136.975 MHz
• C108 MHz to 117.95 MHz
• D4.2 GHz to 4.4 GHz

In a Fly-By-Wire flight control system operating in 'Normal Law', what automatic flight envelope protections are provided to the pilot?

• APitch attitude protection, load factor (G) protection, high angle of attack (alpha floor/…
• BEngine auto-start protection only
• CCabin door lock protection only
• DFuel tank vent protection only

What is the function of an Audio Management Unit (AMU) / Audio Integrating System in a commercial transport aircraft cockpit?

• ATo select, mix, adjust volume, and route transmitter/receiver audio signals between pilot…
• BTo play background music continuously in the cockpit
• CTo decode GPS satellite signals
• DTo control engine thrust reversers

What parameter is measured by Pitot probes installed on an aircraft fuselage?

• ATotal impact air pressure ($P_t$)
• BAmbient static pressure ($P_s$)
• COutside Air Temperature (OAT)
• DRelative humidity

In an aircraft hydraulic system, what is the function of a hydraulic accumulator?

• ATo store hydraulic fluid under compressed gas pressure (nitrogen) to absorb pressure surg…
• BTo heat hydraulic fluid to boiling point
• CTo filter out microscopic metallic particles
• DTo measure aircraft pitch angle

What type of cockpit instrument display combines attitude, horizon line, pitch/roll scales, heading tape, airspeed tape, and altitude tape on a single active-matrix LCD screen?

• APrimary Flight Display (PFD)
• BNavigation Display (ND)
• CEngine Indicating and Crew Alerting System (EICAS)
• DMultifunction Control Display Unit (MCDU)

What radio navigation system measures the relative bearing from an aircraft to a ground Non-Directional Beacon (NDB)?

• AAutomatic Direction Finder (ADF)
• BVHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)
• CInstrument Landing System (ILS)
• DGlobal Positioning System (GPS)

What electrical component converts 28 V DC battery power into 115 V AC 400 Hz single-phase power during emergency electrical situations?

• AStatic Inverter
• BTransformer Rectifier Unit (TRU)
• CIntegrated Drive Generator (IDG)
• DAuto-transformer

In a Fly-By-Wire control system, what happens if multiple ADIRU or computer failures cause the system to degrade from 'Normal Law' to 'Direct Law'?

• AAll flight envelope protections are lost, and sidestick inputs map directly to control su…
• BThe engines shut down immediately
• CThe aircraft lands itself automatically at the nearest airport
• DThe landing gear lowers and locks

What is the function of an Angle of Attack (AOA) sensor / vane mounted on the forward fuselage skin?

• ATo measure the angle between the relative airflow vector and the wing chord line, supplyi…
• BTo measure cabin pressure altitude
• CTo measure fuel tank temperature
• DTo measure engine oil pressure

What frequency is used for the Marker Beacon ground transmitters on ILS approach paths (Outer, Middle, and Inner markers)?

• A75.0 MHz
• B108.0 MHz
• C332.0 MHz
• D121.5 MHz